超精密车床位置精度的计算机辅助测试系统

介绍了一种超精密车床位置精度的计算机辅助测试系统,利用激光干涉仪在线检测超精密车床伺服工作台线性定位精度．该系统利用了原有的控制装置和自行研制的与激光干涉仪的接口电路,通过数控编程实时对工作台的静态和动态位置精度进行检测,并分析了系统的测量精度．     

用于精密和超精密测长的双频激光干涉仪

叙述了双频激光干涉仪在精密和超精密测长技术领域中的应用，讨论了双频激光干涉仪所涉及的关键技术，提出了在应用中需要进行的误差处理，目的是提高在精密和超精密测长应用中的测量精度。     

光学零件的超精密加工技术

叙述了激光核聚变、大型非球面和共形光学零件的超精密加工技术 ;将超精密切削、磨削、计算机数控抛光和连续抛光技术结合起来 ,成功地应用于激光核聚变光学零件的超精密、批量制造 ;分析了研制大型非球面光学零件超精密加工装置应该解决的关键问题 ,并提出了解决方法     

超精密小直径非球面磨床

据日刊介绍,第16届日本国际机床展览会上展出多种超精密磨床。东芝机械展出有ULG—100A(H)超精密非球面磨床。目前,非球面磨床多数是以加工大直径反射镜为主的,采用液体静压导轨、空气静压导轨和激光反馈等构成的大型超精密磨床。但当前日本的非球面加工对象主要是摄像机和激光唱机所用的小直径透镜的模具,因此,为适应市场的需要,东芝机械开发出ULG-100A(H)超精密非球面磨床。     

超精密加工技术的地位、现状与发展趋势(下)

超精密加工技术的国际水平在超精密加工领域起步最早的是美国,其次是西欧和日本。当前,美国在这个领域仍然领先。美国超精密加工技术的发展得到美国政府和军方的财政支持。美国国防部陆、海、空三军组成了光学零件精密加工特别委员会,统一协调超精密加工技术的研究工作。目前在美国至少有30多个厂家和研究单位研制和生产各种超精密加工机床。美国通过陆、海、空三军制造技术的开发计划和能源部激光核聚变的住务等,对超精密金刚石切削机床的开发研究,投入了巨额资金和相当多的人力,实现了微英寸级(1微英寸=0.025微米)的超精密加工。超精密加工技术的发展使美国在航空、航天、核能方面取得了许多重大成就。     

现代超精密加工技术和装备的研究与发展

介绍了超精密加工技术的应用、特点和分类;现代超精密加工技术和装备的研究与发展成就;我国超精密加工技术发展简况。最后,对我国超精密加工技术和装备的研究与发展提出了一点建议。     

CUPE的超精密加工及测试技术

介绍了英国Ｃｒａｎｆｉｅｌｄ大学超精密加工实验室的概况、主要的研究范围及内容．重点介绍了超精密金刚石切削和磨削机床，超精密测量仪器，超精密加工和测量机床的组件以及Ｎａｎｏｃｅｎｔｒｅ超精密车床中的关键技术．     

辊筒模具超精密加工机床几何误差建模及其补偿策略研究

本文以超精密模辊机床为研究载体,将具有代表性的环槽微结构阵列作为研究对象。通过多体系统理论以及齐次坐标变换的方法建立机床的几何误差模型从而得到几何误差对环槽微结构阵列的影响,并用激光干涉仪对几何误差分量进行了测量。在进行数据处理后提出了一种补偿方法使环槽微结构的加工质量得到了改善。     

超精密镗削加工机床

本文介绍了为解决机载设备制造技术中普遍存在的精密孔和精密孔系加工问题而研制的超精密镗削加工机床,以及实施超精密镗削加工的条件和措施,最后给出了超精密镗削加工的试验结果。     

五轴超精密加工机床底座设计技术研究

机床底座是超精密加工机床的基础,其稳定性、精度保持性对超精密加工机床的精度指标有较大影响.本文介绍了目前国内外超精密加工机床典型的底座结构,利用有限元工具分析设计了五轴超精密加工机床底座,经检测,该机床底座的实际精度满足指标要求.     

有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计难点问题

有翼高超声速再入飞行器是近年来的研究热点,气动设计是飞行器设计的关键。为了更清楚地认识有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计的难点问题,对有翼高超声速再入飞行器的发展、优势及总体任务剖面进行了介绍,从5个方面详细介绍了该类飞行器气动设计的难点问题,包括多约束复杂面对称气动布局设计、高温真实气体效应对气动特性影响、天地差异与天地换算方法、反作用控制系统(RCS)喷流干扰对气动特性的影响以及气动数据不确定度等,简要阐明了这些难点问题对总体设计的重要性以及初步的解决思路,为有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计提供了一些参考。     

Simulation and Analysis of Crashworthiness of Fuel Tank for Helicopters

Crashworthiness requirement of fuel tanks is one of the important requirements in helicopter designs. The relations among the protection frame, textile layer and rubber layer of the fuel tank are introduced. Two appropriate FE models are established, one is for an uncovered helicopter fuel tank without protection frame, and the other is for fuel tank with protection frame. The dynamic responses of the two types of fuel tanks impinging on the ground with velocities of 17.3 m/s are numerically simulated for the purpose of analyzing energy-absorbing capabilities of the textile layer and protection frame. The feasibility of the current crashworthiness design of the fuel tank is examined though comparing the dynamic response behaviors of the two fuel tanks.     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

突破技术趋同，波音再现竞争优势

 波音公司面临着来自空客公司的巨大挑战,企业战略性创新才是公司成功的关键。为此波音公司的全部战略性研究集中在扩大产品的差异性上,体现在3个方面：电子化（e-Enabled）运营环境、整体复合材料机身部件的制造技术和支持波音787客机的全球协同环境（GCE）。     

临近空间飞行器测控与信息传输系统频段选择

 临近空间飞行器是高性能信息化武器平台,测控（TT&;C）与信息传输系统是其信息保障的核心,而选择合理、可行的频段是展开系统设计的前提和基础。频段选择影响到整个技术方案的制定,是一个需综合考虑、影响深远并具有战略意义的关键问题,从国际电联（ITU）国际标准、高速数传、接收信噪比（SNR）、“三抗”、超视距中继、黑障、雨衰以及设备研制成熟度8个方面全面、细致论证了近空间平台测控系统的频段选择问题,最终得出在视距链路中以Ka频段为宜,在超视距链路中以Ku/Ka双频段为宜的结论。     

基于弯曲激波压缩系统的高超声速进气道反设计研究进展

总结了近十年来弯曲激波压缩研究的主要成果。提出了弯曲激波压缩系统的新概念,即利用特殊设计的楔形弯曲压缩面或空间弯曲压缩面,产生一系列与前缘弱激波相互交汇或叠加的压缩波系,从而使前缘激波弯曲,形成特殊的弯曲激波,它与波后的等熵压缩波来共同完成对气流的压缩。在此基础上,实现了由给定出口气动参数的超声速内流道反设计,实现了由给定压缩面压力分布和给定压缩面马赫数分布要求的型面反设计,实现了由给定激波波面的压缩型面反设计。研究证明,弯曲压缩面-弯曲激波压缩系统具有良好的综合气动性能,为高性能高超声速进气系统的气动设计提供了一种全新的设计方法。     

Experimental Study on Effects of Fuel Injection on Scramjet Combustor Performance

In order to investigate the effects of fuel injection distribution on the scramjet combustor performance, there are conducted three sets of test on a hydrocarbon fueled direct-connect scramjet test facility. The results of Test A, whose fuel injection is carried out with injectors located on the top-wall and the bottom-wall, show that the fuel injection with an appropriate close-front and centralized distribution would be of much help to optimize combustor performances. The results of Test B, whose fuel injection is performed at the optimal injection locations found in Test A, with a given equivalence ratio and different injection proportions for each injector, show that this injection mode is of little benefit to improve combustor performances. The results of Test C with a circumferential fuel injection distribution displaies the possibility of ameliorating combustor performance. By analyzing the effects of injection location parameters on combustor performances on the base of the data of Test C, it is clear that the injector location has strong coupled influences on combus- tor performances. In addition, an inner-force synthesis specific impulse is used to reduce the errors caused by the disturbance of fuel supply and working state of air heater while assessing combustor performances.     

(高)超声速流动试验技术及研究进展

近年来,与高速飞行器相关的(高)超声速流动受到了极大的关注。这类流动所具有的非定常性、强梯度和可压缩性对试验方法和风洞设计技术提出了挑战。超声速纳米示踪平面激光散射(NPLS)技术是由作者所在团队研发的非接触光学测试技术。它能够以较高的空间分辨率来揭示超声速三维流场的一个瞬态剖面的时间解析的流动结构。介绍了NPLS技术以及基于NPLS开发的密度场测量、雷诺应力测量和气动光学波前测量等方法,并回顾了这些技术在超声速边界层、超声速混合层、超声速压缩拐角、激波/边界层相互作用和光学头罩绕流等流动中的应用,清晰地再现了边界层、混合层、激波等典型流场结构及其时空演化特性。另外,为了模拟和研究高空大气条件下边界层自然转捩和超声速混合层的转捩特性,介绍了高超声速静风洞、超-超混合层风洞的设计技术以及层流化喷管的设计方法。     

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.