基于并联构型的飞机装配调姿定位机构精度研究

针对飞机装配中机身壁板等组件调姿定位问题,本文首先提出了一种基于3-UPS并联构型的飞机装配调姿定位机构,该机构可以实现飞机组件装配的6自由度调姿与定位.同时,为提高飞机组件装配精度,分析了各运动副铰链间的误差间隙对飞机装配调姿定位机构姿态的影响,并据此建立了3-UPS并联机构的有效杆长模型.进一步地,基于并联机构位置正解得到了飞机装配调姿定位机构的定位精度模型.最后,通过MATLAB仿真分析了间隙的存在对机构运动精度的影响,为基于3-UPS并联机构在调姿定位中的控制补偿提供了理论基础.     

六自由度柔性装配机构的三点定位反解算法与运动仿真

为提高大型复合材料蒙皮部件装配效率,提出了一种基于三点定位的六自由度柔性装配系统运动反解算法。首先建立了柔性装配机构的运动模型,然后通过定位和跟踪装配部件上3个不共线的测量点始末位置坐标,利用该算法来求解各个驱动关节的运动量。通过ADAMS软件构建柔性装配机构虚拟样机模型进行仿真分析,发现仿真结果与理论结果一致,验证了算法的正确性。最后,通过仿真获得了柔性定位器的驱动轨迹,结果发现该算法能保证装配部件运动平稳、准确,为调姿机构的精确控制提供技术基础。     

航空发动机燃油系统执行机构及其传感器故障诊断

提出了基于执行机构模型和航空发动机逆模型的执行机构及其传感器单一故障诊断和定位方法.基于执行机构小闭环结构建立了3阶执行机构传递函数模型.基于两个并联的BP(back propagation)神经网络,建立了航空发动机稳态逆模块和动态补偿模块,形成航空发动机逆模型,以实现基于航空发动机输出的燃油流量估计.以执行机构模型输出和传感器输出之间的偏差为依据进行故障判别,以航空发动机逆模型输出和传感器输出偏差为依据对故障进行定位.以某型航空发动机及其燃油系统执行机构模型为对象进行的仿真,结果表明,该诊断系统可在航空发动机稳态、动态情况下准确地诊断出幅值在1.6%以上的执行机构及其传感器故障并进行定位,验证了所提出故障诊断方法的有效性.      

基于NN-ELM的航空发动机燃油系统执行机构故障诊断

提出了一种航空发动机执行机构及其传感器单一故障诊断及定位方法.首先通过执行机构模型判断是否发生故障,然后运用发动机逆模型对故障进行定位.基于离线训练BP(back propagation)神经网络建立执行机构模型,根据某半物理仿真试验台的测试数据训练网络参数.提出离线训练和在线训练相结合的极端学习机(ELM)算法建立发动机逆模型,使网络在初始时刻就具有诊断能力,工作过程中具有适应能力,且在线训练过程采用阈值判别法筛选训练样本,减小了在线训练时间,提高了逆模型的实时性.以某型发动机燃油系统执行机构为例的设计和仿真结果表明:该诊断系统能够准确地对发动机在稳态和动态工况以及蜕化状态下的执行机构及其传感器单一故障进行准确诊断和定位,具有很好的实时性.      

基于Simulink的货舱门收放机构建模与仿真

为了研究货舱门收放机构的载荷及运动特性,根据力矩平衡原理、伯努利方程及转动定理推导出该收放机构的力学和运动学模型;利用Simulink建立了货舱门收放机构的计算模型,通过仿真得到了货舱门收放机构载荷、速度、加速度变化等重要参数。仿真结果表明,该模型有效地模拟了收放机构载荷及运动特性,为货舱门收放机构的设计提供了参考。     

飞机舱门锁机构动力学仿真分析

利用LMS软件建立了飞机舱门锁机构动力学仿真模型,并进行了动力学分析,较为全面地分析了机构手柄力的影响因素,得到操纵该机构所需要的手柄力范围。仿真结果显示机构交点布置较为合理,手柄力小于规范规定值,能够满足使用要求。该仿真方法可以为类似机构的设计优化提供参考。     

ADAMS参数化分析在高压压气机调节机构设计中的初步应用

将ADAMS参数化分析方法应用于高压压气机调节机构方案设计中,建立了简易的机构模型,分析了机构几何参数对机构运动/动力学的影响,并对不同优化目标的多个参数进行了优化分析。结果表明,虽然与调节机构虚拟样机的仿真结果有所差异,但在方案设计阶段,参数化分析方法可快速、有效地进行调节机构结构参数优化,所建模型的运动/动力学仿真结果满足设计要求。     

空间飞行器对接机构分离的动力学仿真

空间对接技术属于航天工程重要的研究领域,在地面条件下如何实现六自由度对接机构的模拟则是其关键技术之一。本文建立了空间飞行器对接机构在分离过程中的动力学模型,利用MSC.ADAMS/View建立了对接机构的虚拟样机模型并通过动力学仿真得到了系统的动力学响应。最后,结合动力学模型与仿真结果,研究总结了对接机构在重力影响下的姿态变化规律。本文研究为航天器对接与分离时的姿态动力学分析和对接机构的设计优化提供了理论依据。     

联调机构虚拟样机运动学动力学仿真

采用UG与ADAMS软件建立了某型燃气轮机压气机可调静叶联调机构系统的完整数字化虚拟样机,在此基础上对该联调机构系统进行了动态特性仿真分析,得到了可调静叶联调机构的调节变化规律,分析了联调机构的仿真结果与机构设计目标的对比情况,验证了模型的可行性。并对仿真角度规律结果与CAD计算法结果进行了比较,证明了ADAMS仿真是1种行之有效的方法,且比物理仿真有很强的经济性优势。通过仿真得到了各级拉杆的受力情况,为进一步有限元结构分析以及结构系统优化奠定了基础。     

基于ELM的飞机数字化装配定位运动模型

针对飞机装配中开敞性较差环境下的串联装配机构半闭环定位运动控制问题进行研究,提出了基于极限学习机(EML)算法的飞机数字化装配定位运动模型。通过分析飞机数字化装配串联定位机构的运动学模型特点及性能要求,提出了飞机数字化装配定位运动的单隐含层前馈神经网络模型,并基于极限学习机提出了装配定位运动的数据辨识模型,且最后给出了基于极限学习机算法的定位运动离线辨识方法。通过将某大型飞机机身壁板柔性预定位工装作为试验平台进行验证,结果表明,获得的定位运动模型使直接装配定位精度达到±0.25 mm,满足某大型飞机机身壁板长桁的装配定位精度要求±0.50 mm。试验系统涉及的若干关键技术已应用于某大型飞机的壁板组件装配预定位柔性工装系统。     

Mechanism for assembling antenna in space

The development of large and precise space antennas is one of the most important topics in constructing space infrastructures. We evaluated an approach to assembling large and accurate space antennas which uses space robots. The assembly mechanism was launched together with the ETS-VII, the first telerobotic satellite from Japan, and its performance, including fully automatic assembling, was verified. The assembling-type antenna and the results of antenna assembly experiments are discussed     

Attitude and antenna pointing design of bistatic radar formations

Spaceborne bistatic radar observations allow original scientific applications to be carried out. Furthermore, assuming transmitting and receiving antennas operating on separated platforms, key design issues relevant to formation flying must be solved. Mathematical models are presented for computation of attitude and pointing angles. Main design constraint is the capability of maintaining swath overlap, but selected strategy also depends on the cost of spacecraft attitude maneuvering or antenna beam electronic steering. The model has been applied considering a large transmitting/receiving primary mission and a receiving-only small satellite. In this case antenna steering was preferred. Finally, if the passive antenna is smaller than the active one, overlap maintenance is simplified, obviating the need for yaw rotations.     

Atmospheric Distortion of Signals Originating from Space Sources

The phasefront distortion imposed on space signals by fine-grained refractivity variations of the atmosphere is an important consideration in the design of large-aperture antennas, antenna arrays, antenna systems for measuring spacecraft position and position-rate, and radioastronomy systems. The distortion caused by ionospheric and tropospheric refractivity variations imposes fundamental limitations on the capabilities of these antennas and antenna systems, particularly on systems which must operate at low elevation angles. The purpose of this paper is to present numerical estimates of distortion imposed on signals passing through the atmosphere. Atmospheric models based on available literature are selected for this purpose.     

基于火箭橇的北斗动态定位精度鉴定方法

介绍了几种现有的以GPS/北斗为主要代表的卫星导航系统的动态定位精度 鉴定方法,分析了这几种方法在模拟实际使用环境、鉴定精度等方面的优缺点,提出了 一种基于火箭橇试验平台的北斗导航定位系统动态定位精度鉴定方法。该方法能够很好 地模拟北斗导航定位系统实际工作环境（速度、加速度、振动和天线角度等）,解决高 动态、高精度北斗导航定位系统动态定位精度鉴定问题,并对该方法的原理和实施方法 作了详细的论述,最后分析了该方法的不确定度及误差,并提出了改进措施。     

Radio interferometer for geosynchronous-satellite direction finding

A radio interferometer capable of azimuth-elevation direction finding for geosynchronous satellites has been developed. The interferometer has two small-diameter antennas and four movable planar mirrors. The movable mirrors reflect the microwaves from the satellite and guide them to the fixed receiving antennas. Two of the movable mirrors are mounted on a rotary arm, so that the baseline of the interferometer can rotate in the horizontal plane. This configuration enables the interferometer to eliminate phase-ambiguity problems and cable-phase errors, resulting in a direction finding accuracy of better than 0.01 deg in the Ku band.     

星载多波束天线设计

给出了星载多波束天线的设计方法、步骤和参数选择原则,给出了2个区域多点波束天线和赋形波束的设计实例,并用物理光学法计算了覆盖区域的天线方向图、覆盖区增益和频率复用时的同极化波束隔离。     

Electronically Tracking Antenna System for Satellite Reception

This correspondence describes a novel electronically tracking antenna system for satellite reception in the VHF range. The "hedgehog" antenna consists of several antennas directed in different directions to cover the whole sky. An electronic switch, controlled by the satellite receiver, connects the receiver to the antenna from which the desired satellite signal is obtained. This system is especially suitable for unmanned reliable receiving stations if an antenna gain of the order of 10 dB is enough.     

差分卫星导航系统定位精度飞行测试方法

针对机载差分卫星导航系统的定位误差特性,提出一种考核机载差分卫星导航系统定位精度的飞行测试方法。在事后数据处理过程中,由于两部卫星接收天线之间安装位置不同而导致的杆臂效应会使最终结果产生较大的计算误差,故提出了一种基于消除杆臂的数据处理方法。通过以上飞行测试方法和数据处理方法可以有效地评估机载差分卫星导航系统的定位精度。     

Geostationary orbit determination for time synchronization using analytical dynamic models

A real time analytical orbit determination method has been developed for precision national time synchronization. The one-way time transfer technique via a geostationary TV satellite standard time and frequency signal (STFS) dissemination system was considered. The differential method was also applied for mitigating errors in geostationary satellite STFS dissemination system. Analytical dynamic orbit determination with extended Kalman filter (EKF) was implemented to improve differential mode STFS (DSTFS) service accuracy by acquiring better accuracy of a geostationary satellite position. The perturbation force models applied for satellite dynamics include the geopotential perturbation up to fifth degree and order harmonics, luni-solar perturbations, and solar radiation pressure. All of the perturbation effects were analyzed by secular, short, and long period variations for equinoctial orbit elements such as semimajor axis, eccentricity vector, inclination vector, and mean right ascension of the geostationary satellite. The reference stations for orbit determination were composed of four calibrated stations. Simulations were performed to evaluate the performance of real time analytical orbit determination in Korea. The simulation results demonstrated that it is possible to determine real time position of geostationary satellite with the accuracy of 300 m rms. This performance implies that the time accuracy is better than 25 ns all over the Korean peninsula. The real time analytical orbit determination method developed in this research can provide a reliable, extremely high accurate time synchronization service through setting up domestic-only benchmarks.     

波束波导馈电系统在深空探测天线应用中的关键技术研究

针对波束波导馈电系统在深空探测天线应用中存在的电小尺寸镜面绕射引起波束波导传输效率降低,不同极化工作时波束指向不一致,以及TE21模跟踪时坐标转换等问题,进行深入研究并给出相应的解决方案或数学模型.通过优化椭球镜M5的曲率,解决了电小尺寸镜面绕射使波束波导传输效率下降问题,使S频段的传输效率提高约4％,35 m天线副反射面的截获效率增加约11％,天线增益提高0.7 dB;给出天线束峰值位置随方位、俯仰角变化的数学模型,提出了中值补偿方法,使天线左右旋极化峰值不一致增益损失减小约0.16 dB,并给出TE21模跟踪时的坐标转换数学模型.这些方法和数学模型已成功应用于实际工程中,并取得了良好的效果.