天问一号探测器耐高温蜂窝夹层结构选材与性能研究

针对天问一号火星探测器耐高温大承载复合材料蜂窝夹层结构应用需求,基于材料匹配设计和工艺可行原则,提出了氰酸酯树脂体系的复合材料蜂窝夹层结构。通过比较不同后处理工艺下M40J/BS-4氰酸酯基复合材料高温层间剪切性能,发现BS-4氰酸酯基复合材料经200℃下3～5 h后处理可获得较佳的高温使用性能。经200℃下4 h后处理的M40J/BS-4氰酸酯基复合材料,在170℃下各项力学性能保持率均达到室温测试值的80%以上。板芯胶高温力学性能测试以及其对夹层结构高温承载性能的影响研究表明,氰酸酯体系的J-245C、J-389B两种板芯胶在温度不超过200℃时均具有足够协调板芯变形及传递板芯间载荷的能力,但高温下胶黏剂的性能退化会造成夹层结构刚度的退化。天问一号探测器蜂窝夹层结构典型单元在高温下的弯曲性能、侧向压缩性能测试结果表明,碳纤维氰酸酯基复合材料铝蜂窝夹层结构具备耐170℃高温下大承载的能力。     

蜂窝夹层结构粘接用聚酰亚胺胶膜的研究

采用热固性聚酰亚胺胶黏剂KHPIA-S制备了聚酰亚胺胶膜,系统研究了胶膜的厚度以及表面处理剂对复合材料蜂窝夹层结构粘揍性能的影响规律.结果表明,制备的聚酰亚胺胶膜具有优异的高温粘接性能,在320℃下对不锈钢试片粘接的剪切强度超过11 MPa,对蜂窝夹层结构粘接的平拉强度最高可达2.1 MPa.     

铝蜂窝夹层结构穿孔损伤复合材料修理技术研究

铝蜂窝夹层结构穿孔损伤的高效、低成本修理对保障航空装备的完好性具有重要意义。针对铝蜂窝夹层结构穿孔损伤金属面板提出复合材料碳纤维湿补片胶接修理工艺，结合飞机典型铝蜂窝夹层结构形式制备完好和穿孔损伤试样，对穿孔损伤试样开展复合材料胶接修理，建立铝蜂窝夹层结构复合材料挖补胶接修理后四点弯强度分析有限元仿真分析模型，并通过仿真计算分析穿孔损伤大小对铝蜂窝夹层结构四点弯强度的影响规律及修复后强度恢复情况。结果表明：复合材料挖补胶接修理可有效恢复穿透损伤铝蜂窝夹层结构的弯曲强度；有限元仿真计算结果与试验结果基本一致，仿真模型能够较为准确地计算各类试样的极限载荷及失效模式；当损伤范围≤φ30 mm（径宽比小于40%）时，复合材料胶接修理工艺可应用于飞机铝蜂窝夹层结构损伤修理中。     

蜂窝夹层结构复合材料胶接共固化工艺技术研究

针对蜂窝夹层结构的胶接共固化工艺,以T300/BA9913复合材料为面板,以Nomex蜂窝芯为夹层材料,采用热压罐法研究了不同规格的蜂窝夹芯对外观和面板内部缺陷的影响,有利于扩大采用胶接共固化工艺的蜂窝夹层结构复合材料壁板在航空产品中的应用。     

蜂窝夹层结构及其埋件的力学性能研究

对蜂窝夹层结构及其侧向和板内M5埋件力学性能进行了研究,分析了蒙皮厚度、胶黏剂面密度和胶接强度对力学性能的影响。结果表明,适当增加蒙皮厚度,有利于提高蜂窝夹层结构及其埋件的力学性能;在同等胶接强度下,胶黏剂面密度对力学性能的影响可以忽略,可选用面密度较低的胶黏剂来降低结构质量;埋件系统承受面内剪切载荷的能力明显优于其承受垂直于蒙皮的面外拉拔载荷能力;承受面内剪切载荷时,埋件系统的失效模式以埋件区域蒙皮局部破坏为主;承受面外拉拔载荷时,埋件周围蜂窝芯先失稳破坏,并最终导致埋件带动蒙皮变形、局部发生破坏。所得结果可为结构设计优化提供参考。     

复合材料胶接技术及其在某型飞机垂尾翼盒上的应用

从复合材料胶接技术特点出发,阐述了胶接工艺过程中的要点,并针对具有蜂窝夹层、多墙式结构的某型飞机,其垂尾翼盒胶接工艺的实施过程,详细阐述了胶接工艺方案,以及胶接性能的控制和检测方法。     

在轨温度环境对J-47C 胶黏剂粘接性能的影响

为考察在轨温度环境对J-47C结构胶黏剂粘接性能的影响,利用动态热机械分析和热重分析方法,对其Tg、热分解温度进行了测试,掌握了胶黏剂的耐热指标。通过不同温度下力学性能测试,温度冲击及真空热循环试验研究了卫星特殊的温度环境对胶黏剂性能的影响。结果表明,J-47C胶黏剂在高温以及真空热循环和温度冲击后其仍具有较高的力学强度保持率,满足卫星的温度环境对胶黏剂性能的需求。     

碳纤维复合材料面板—Nomex蜂窝夹层结构方向舵的研制

本文介绍某型飞机碳纤维复合材料面板－Ｎｏｍｅｘ蜂窝夹层结构方向舵的制造工艺，包括方向舵的结构特点及制造要求、成形模具结构的选择、预浸料的制备、预固化和二次胶接共固化工艺参数的确定等。     

氰酸酯树脂的改性与固化特性的热分析

从工程化应用的角度,综述了氰酸酯的改性工作、固化特性热分析以及在胶黏剂、复合材料等方面的最新研究进展。氰酸酯的改性涉及橡胶材料增韧改性、热塑性材料增韧改性以及与环氧、双马树脂的协同改性等。聚醚砜改性的氰酸酯胶黏剂能够获得满意的剪切强度和剥离强度,同时保持了较低的介电常数和介质损耗角正切。环氧树脂的加入也能够显著提高氰酸酯胶黏剂的强度,但电性能相对较差。改性的氰酸酯胶黏剂在175℃以下的温度范围内剪切强度可以保持30 MPa左右的水平,介质损耗角正切为0.0065,200℃热老化200 h后对于剪切性能无显著影响,且剥离强度取得了较满意的测试结果,蜂窝夹层结构的滚筒剥离强度高达83.2 N·mm/mm。DSC热分析研究固化动力学的多项结果表明,改性氰酸酯活化能的高低与固化峰值温度的高低可同步或相反变化。采用含有羟基的聚醚砜改性氰酸酯后,相比未改性氰酸酯其固化放热峰值温度降低20℃左右,但增韧改性后的固化反应活化能反而增加,可归因于反应机理的改变和位阻效应。对于固化放热峰值温度(Tp)随升温速率(?)的变化,建立了固化放热峰值温度Tp与ln?的线性方程Tp=T1+ΔT ln?,可以更合理地确定固化温度参数。     

基于蜂窝芯细观构造的复合材料蜂窝夹层结构仿真分析方法

<正>如今航空航天结构的设计越来越注重减重的要求,复合材料因为力学特性优异开始在越来越多的场合使用。在广泛的复合材料范畴中,蜂窝夹层结构是一种典型的组合型结构,是由上下两块面板以及中间的蜂窝芯粘接而成。由于蜂窝夹层结构能够以相对较低的质量代价获得较高的刚度和强度,因而被广泛应用于航空乃至于高速列车、船艇等制造领域。目前有众多学者对蜂窝夹层结构有限元仿真分析方法进行研究,总结起来主要有两类等效方法:一种最常见的等效方法是忽略掉蜂窝芯的空心结     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.     

Preparation of Highly Dispersed Antimony-doped Tin Oxide Nano-powder via Ion-exchange Hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 and Azeotropic Drying

Antimony-doped tin hydroxide colloid precipitates have been synthesized by hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 using: (1) an ion-exchange hydrolysis to remove chlorine ions, and (2) isoamyl acetate as an azeotropic solvent to obviate water. The obtained dried powder is of high dispersivity without any need for further grinding. The size and dispersivity of the final particles are investigated with the aid of TG-DTA, BET, XRD and TEM. After having calcined, the antimony-doped tin oxide nanopowder possesses a tetragonal rutile structure with high dispersivity, uniform particles and low hard agglomeration.     

Effects of Mo on the Microstructure and Hydrogen Sorption Properties of Ti-Mo Getters

The effects of Mo on the microstructure evolution, porosity and hydrogen sorption properties of Ti-Mo getters are investigated in this work. The results show that the addition of Mo prolongs the densification process of Ti-Mo getters and results in a significant amount of sintered pores. With the Mo content increasing, the porosity of getters firstly increases reaching the maximum value as it at- tains about 7.5wt.%, and then drops. At the room temperature, the hydrogen sorption property of getters increases progressively with the Mo content increasing, but the tendency is not very clear before its content lies below 2.5wt.%. When the Mo content achieves about 7.5wt.%, the hydrogen sorption property proves to be the best. The discussion is made about the above mentioned phenomena inclusive of hydrogen sorption properties of getters under different activation conditions (from 500-750 ℃).     

超声速燃烧数值模拟中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型

高精度数值模拟有助于理解超声速湍流燃烧中湍流与化学反应的相互作用,可为发动机燃烧室等工程应用设计提供可靠的预测模型。除直接数值模拟外,目前在湍流燃烧应用中使用的大涡模拟和雷诺平均Navier-Stokes模拟均需要借助模型模化发生在湍流小尺度上的流动与化学反应过程对湍流大尺度运动的影响。现有的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型大致可分为:火焰面类模型和概率密度函数类模型,2类模型在不同的应用中各自具有优势和局限性。此外,现有模型大都基于低马赫数燃烧,而超声速燃烧中通常会伴随快速混合、局部熄火和再着火以及激波等复杂过程,这为发展其中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型提出了更多的挑战。     

适于低轨卫星IP网络的单核共享树组播算法(英文)

为了解决低轨卫星IP网络中现有典型源组播算法的信道资源浪费问题,本文提出了一套单核共享树组播算法,即核心群合并共享树(CCST)和加权核心群合并共享树(w-CCST)算法。CCST 算法包括动态近似中心(DAC)选核方法和核心群合并组播路径构建方法。DAC方法专为周期、规律运动的低轨卫星网络提出,不需要复杂的星上计算。在核心群合并方法中,以核节点作为初始核心群,通过核心群和剩余组成员的最短路径方法逐步扩展直至整棵组播树构建完成,从而使得组播树的树代价最小,大大提高了网络的带宽利用率和组播传输效率。w-CCST 算法中所提出的加权因子可以调整树代价和端到端传播时延之间的折衷程度,因此,可以通过调整加权因子来适度增大树代价、降低端到端传播时延以支持某些端到端时延要求苛刻的实时组播业务。最后,与低轨卫星 IP 网络中典型算法进行了性能比较,仿真结果说明,CCST 算法的平均树代价比其它算法显著降低,w-CCST 算法的平均端到端传播时延小于 CCST 算法。     

Jet Vectoring Control Using a Novel Synthetic Jet Actuator

A primary air jet vectoring control system with a novel synthetic jet actuator (SJA) is presented and simulated numerically. The results show that, in comparison with an existing traditional synthetic jet actuator, which is able to perform the duty of either “push” or “pull”, one novel synthetic jet actuator can fulfill both “push” and “pull” functions to vector the primary jet by shifting a slide block inside it. Therefore, because the new actuator possesses greater efficiency, it has potentiality to replace the existing one in various appli- cations, such as thrust vectoring and the reduction of thermal signature. Moreover, as the novel actuator can fulfill those functions that the existing one can not, it may well be expected to popularize it into more flow control systems.     

Nonlinear Adaptive Slewing Motion Control of Spacecraft Truss Driven by Synchronous V-gimbaled CMG Precession

The slewing motion control of a truss arm driven by a V-gimbaled control-moment-gyro (CMG) is a nonlinear control problem. The V-gimbaled CMG consists of a pair of gyros that must precess synchronously. The moment of inertia of the system, the angular momentum of the gyros and the external disturbances are not exactly known. With the help of feedback linearization and recursive Lyapunov design method, an adaptive nonlinear controller is designed to deal with the unknown items. Performance of the proposed controller is verified by simulation.     

An SOR Implicit Time-accurate Scheme in Calculating Unsteady Flows

A new time-accurate marching scheme for unsteady flow calculations is proposed in the present work. This method is the combination of classical Successive Over-Relaxation (SOR) iteration method and Jacobian matrix diagonally dominant splitting method of LUSGS. One advantage of this algorithm is the second-order accuracy because of no factorization error. Another advantage is the low computational cost because the Jacobian matrices and fluxes are only calculated once in each physical time step. And, the SOR algorithm has better convergence property than Gauss-Seidel. To investigate its accuracy and convergency, several unsteady flow computa- tional tests are carried out by using the proposed SOR algorithm. Roe’s FDS scheme is used to discritize the inviscid flux terms. Un- steady computational results of SOR are compared with the experiment results and those of Gauss-Seidel. Results reveal that the numerical results agree well with the experimental data and the second-order accuracy can be obtained as the Gauss-Seidel for unsteady flow computations. The impact of SOR factor is investigated for unsteady computations by using different SOR factors in this algorithm to simulate each computational test. Different numbers of inner iterations are needed to converge to the same criterion for different SOR factors and optimal choice of SOR factor can improve the computational efficiency greatly.