导弹舵机非线性因素对高精度姿态控制影响的研究

舵机在制造、安装等过程中产生的非线性因素,会对导弹的飞行状态造成相应影响。在进行某型导弹全数字仿真时,为了研究非线性因素产生的影响,介绍了舵机中存在的典型非线性因素特性,建立了包含线性舵机模型的发射坐标系下的导弹六自由度模型,并在线性舵机环节中依次添加死区、间隙、零位偏移等非线性因素,分别进行仿真实验。通过数据对比得出了分别添加死区和间隙时对攻角具有较大影响,零位偏移的方向决定了其对滚转角和攻角的影响程度,但仍均满足飞行任务要求的控制精度的结论。     

按最小传动角设计曲柄滑块机构

分析了曲柄滑块机构的最小传动角与构件尺寸的关系,直接以机构尺寸参数为设计变量,按给定的最小传动角,分别给出已知曲柄长度、连杆长度、偏距、连杆与曲柄长度比的曲柄滑块机构综合方法,确定了设计参数的选择范围,较圆满地解决了按给定最小传动角,综合具有最大行程速比系数的曲柄滑块机构综合问题。     

曲柄压力机振源分析及减振技术研究

计算分析了曲柄压力机运动时曲柄滑块系统产生的惯性力以及冲裁过程中卸载时弹性变形能的释放两者所引起的振动；指出在曲柄压力机下加聚氨酯垫，可以大大减小机床的振动．     

抑制飞控系统舵机间隙影响的非线性补偿器设计

通过对舵机间隙非线性特性的分析和极限环的定义及产生条件的讨论,在飞控系统中采用非线性补偿的方法,设计了间隙补偿器,并介绍了其工程实现方法,进行了相应的数字仿真和半物理仿真试验以及试验结果的对比分析。结果表明,此方法有效地解决了飞控系统由于舵机间隙引起的超调与极限环振荡现象,使飞控系统对舵机的频率特性以及间隙各方面要求大大降低,其工程实现方法简单实用、普遍性较强,具有较高的工程应用价值。     

曲柄滑块机构经济性优化设计

按滑块行程速比系数Ｋ、行程Ｈ，在满足曲柄存在条件、机构许用传动角条件下，采用计算机辅助设计技术，以机构结构紧紧凑为寻优目标，确定出经济性最好的曲柄滑块机构的几何尺寸。     

基于逆间隙环节的飞机极限环振荡抑制方法

借鉴数学中的函数与反函数思想,由间隙环节的数学模型导出逆间隙环节。分析了飞机侧偏控制系统 中副翼、方向舵舵机间隙非线性特性所引起的极限环振荡,针对副翼、方向舵舵机的非线性特性设计了相应的逆间隙环节,把所设计的逆间隙环节引入侧偏控制系统。仿真结果表明,所设计的逆间隙环节能够显著地抑制侧偏控制系统中的极限环振荡。     

考虑保持架间隙碰撞的球轴承-机构系统动力学分析

基于套圈滚道圆环的几何结构方程,建立了钢球和套圈的三维动态接触关系.考虑钢球和保持架的间隙碰撞作用,建立球轴承-曲柄滑块机构系统多体接触动力学模型.运用广义-α方法计算分析了不同转速、径向游隙和保持架兜孔半径间隙下球轴承-机构系统的运动精度和动力学特性,获得球轴承-机构系统的动态误差、套圈中心的相对运动轨迹、保持架中心的运动轨迹和动态作用力等动力学响应.计算结果表明:随着转速和球轴承径向游隙的增加,约束反力、系统动态误差、套圈中心的相对运动轨迹、保持架与套圈中心的相对运动轨迹、球轴承内部的作用力、钢球与保持架的间隙碰撞力均增加.随着保持架兜孔半径间隙的增加,保持架与套圈中心的相对运动轨迹、钢球与保持架的间隙碰撞力和钢球打滑均增加.      

基于滑模变结构和扩张状态观测器的电动舵机复合控制方法

为提高电动舵机伺服系统的鲁棒性,同时解决实际工作中电动舵机不确定负载引起的跟踪精度低的问题,提出了一种采用指数趋近率的滑模变结构控制率结合扩张状态观测器对负载扰动进行实时估计的电动舵机的伺服控制方法,给出了控制器设计方法和试验验证。仿真和试验结果表明,与常规的滑模控制器相比,采用扩张状态观测器的变结构控制能有效提高电动舵机的跟踪性能。     

考虑连杆柔性和运动副粘性摩擦的曲柄滑块机构的动力学建模及计算

建立了考虑连杆柔性和运动副粘性摩擦的曲柄滑块机构的动力学数学模型,并对一个算例进行了数值仿真,结果表明,连杆的柔性和运动副的粘性摩擦对机构的运动都具有一定的影响。     

影响舵机响应时间因素——电磁阀电磁感应延迟时间

舵机电磁阀运动由于存在电磁应而产生延迟时间。该延迟时间是影响舵机响应时间的主要因素之一。本文就该延迟时间进行了理论分析及计算，对舵机性能作了深入研究。     

有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计难点问题

有翼高超声速再入飞行器是近年来的研究热点,气动设计是飞行器设计的关键。为了更清楚地认识有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计的难点问题,对有翼高超声速再入飞行器的发展、优势及总体任务剖面进行了介绍,从5个方面详细介绍了该类飞行器气动设计的难点问题,包括多约束复杂面对称气动布局设计、高温真实气体效应对气动特性影响、天地差异与天地换算方法、反作用控制系统(RCS)喷流干扰对气动特性的影响以及气动数据不确定度等,简要阐明了这些难点问题对总体设计的重要性以及初步的解决思路,为有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计提供了一些参考。     

Simulation and Analysis of Crashworthiness of Fuel Tank for Helicopters

Crashworthiness requirement of fuel tanks is one of the important requirements in helicopter designs. The relations among the protection frame, textile layer and rubber layer of the fuel tank are introduced. Two appropriate FE models are established, one is for an uncovered helicopter fuel tank without protection frame, and the other is for fuel tank with protection frame. The dynamic responses of the two types of fuel tanks impinging on the ground with velocities of 17.3 m/s are numerically simulated for the purpose of analyzing energy-absorbing capabilities of the textile layer and protection frame. The feasibility of the current crashworthiness design of the fuel tank is examined though comparing the dynamic response behaviors of the two fuel tanks.     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

突破技术趋同，波音再现竞争优势

 波音公司面临着来自空客公司的巨大挑战,企业战略性创新才是公司成功的关键。为此波音公司的全部战略性研究集中在扩大产品的差异性上,体现在3个方面：电子化（e-Enabled）运营环境、整体复合材料机身部件的制造技术和支持波音787客机的全球协同环境（GCE）。     

临近空间飞行器测控与信息传输系统频段选择

 临近空间飞行器是高性能信息化武器平台,测控（TT&;C）与信息传输系统是其信息保障的核心,而选择合理、可行的频段是展开系统设计的前提和基础。频段选择影响到整个技术方案的制定,是一个需综合考虑、影响深远并具有战略意义的关键问题,从国际电联（ITU）国际标准、高速数传、接收信噪比（SNR）、“三抗”、超视距中继、黑障、雨衰以及设备研制成熟度8个方面全面、细致论证了近空间平台测控系统的频段选择问题,最终得出在视距链路中以Ka频段为宜,在超视距链路中以Ku/Ka双频段为宜的结论。     

基于弯曲激波压缩系统的高超声速进气道反设计研究进展

总结了近十年来弯曲激波压缩研究的主要成果。提出了弯曲激波压缩系统的新概念,即利用特殊设计的楔形弯曲压缩面或空间弯曲压缩面,产生一系列与前缘弱激波相互交汇或叠加的压缩波系,从而使前缘激波弯曲,形成特殊的弯曲激波,它与波后的等熵压缩波来共同完成对气流的压缩。在此基础上,实现了由给定出口气动参数的超声速内流道反设计,实现了由给定压缩面压力分布和给定压缩面马赫数分布要求的型面反设计,实现了由给定激波波面的压缩型面反设计。研究证明,弯曲压缩面-弯曲激波压缩系统具有良好的综合气动性能,为高性能高超声速进气系统的气动设计提供了一种全新的设计方法。     

Experimental Study on Effects of Fuel Injection on Scramjet Combustor Performance

In order to investigate the effects of fuel injection distribution on the scramjet combustor performance, there are conducted three sets of test on a hydrocarbon fueled direct-connect scramjet test facility. The results of Test A, whose fuel injection is carried out with injectors located on the top-wall and the bottom-wall, show that the fuel injection with an appropriate close-front and centralized distribution would be of much help to optimize combustor performances. The results of Test B, whose fuel injection is performed at the optimal injection locations found in Test A, with a given equivalence ratio and different injection proportions for each injector, show that this injection mode is of little benefit to improve combustor performances. The results of Test C with a circumferential fuel injection distribution displaies the possibility of ameliorating combustor performance. By analyzing the effects of injection location parameters on combustor performances on the base of the data of Test C, it is clear that the injector location has strong coupled influences on combus- tor performances. In addition, an inner-force synthesis specific impulse is used to reduce the errors caused by the disturbance of fuel supply and working state of air heater while assessing combustor performances.     

(高)超声速流动试验技术及研究进展

近年来,与高速飞行器相关的(高)超声速流动受到了极大的关注。这类流动所具有的非定常性、强梯度和可压缩性对试验方法和风洞设计技术提出了挑战。超声速纳米示踪平面激光散射(NPLS)技术是由作者所在团队研发的非接触光学测试技术。它能够以较高的空间分辨率来揭示超声速三维流场的一个瞬态剖面的时间解析的流动结构。介绍了NPLS技术以及基于NPLS开发的密度场测量、雷诺应力测量和气动光学波前测量等方法,并回顾了这些技术在超声速边界层、超声速混合层、超声速压缩拐角、激波/边界层相互作用和光学头罩绕流等流动中的应用,清晰地再现了边界层、混合层、激波等典型流场结构及其时空演化特性。另外,为了模拟和研究高空大气条件下边界层自然转捩和超声速混合层的转捩特性,介绍了高超声速静风洞、超-超混合层风洞的设计技术以及层流化喷管的设计方法。     

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.