航空发动机角接触球轴承刚度的一种实用分析方法

在传统拟静力学分析方法的基础上,对航空发动机角接触球轴承刚度进行了研究。轴承可以在五个自由度方向上受载并产生位移。结合航空发动机转速较高的特点,分析模型考虑了钢球离心力、陀螺力矩以及弹性流体动压润滑和热效应的影响。同时,分析模型忽略轴承内部摩擦,假定钢球材料在线弹性范围内,轴承套圈作为刚体处理。通过拟静力学分析方法,可以建立航空发动机角接触球轴承的刚度分析模型。通过对轴承平衡进行迭代求解可以计算出     

Friction Behavior on Contact Interface of Linear Ultrasonic Motor with Hard Contact Materials

How to improve the efficiency of the linear ultrasonic motor with hard contact materials(HLUSM)or the precision motion stage driven by HLUSM,becomes a hot issue.Analysis and testing of friction behavior on the contact interface of HLUSM is one of the key issues.Under the action of ultrasonic vibration and impact,the friction behavior on contact interface is very complex due to micro-amplitude and high frequency.Moreover,it is difficult to observe and test it.Focusing on the frictional behavior on the interface of HLUSM,a new method,through testing the vibration of the driving tips(scanning vibrometer PSV-400-3D)and the motion of the slider(displacement sensor LK-G30),respectively,is proposed.Then,take the HLUSM as an example,theoretical analyses and experiments are carried out.Theoretical analysis shows that the average speed of the slider should be 600 mm/s when there is no slippage between the stator and slider during the contact process.Experimental results show that the average speed of the slider is about 390mm/s.At the same time,the tangential vibration speed of the driving tip of HLUSM is larger than 600 mm/s.Therefore,there must be slippage between the stator and slider of HLUSM.Further experimental results show that the maximum efficiency is less than 10%.The slippage on the contact interface should be the main reason for the low efficiency of HLUSM.     

摩擦约束弹塑性广义变分不等原理的一种新的简化证明

用拦格朗日乘子法,利用向量分析的工具及巧妙的变换,对带磨擦约束的弹塑性接触问题的变分不等原理进行了严格的证明。     

Influence of Friction Interface Contact on Ultrasonic Motor Efficiency Under Static Conditions

The friction interface matching plays a deterministic role in the motor efficiency,and the microcosmic contact status of friction interface should be investigated to improve the ultrasonic motor performance.The main purpose is to improve the effective output power of ultrasonic motor.Hence,one studies the contact condition of the friction interface of the ultrasonic motor,analyzes the micro condition of contact interface through finite element analysis,optimizes unreasonable structures,and compares the two different-structure ultrasonic motors through experiments.The results reflect the necessity of optimization.After optimization,the stator and rotor deform after pre-pressure and the contact interface of them full contact theoretically.When reaching heat balance the effective output of the motor is 37%,and the average effective output efficiency is 2.384 times higher than that of the unoptimized.It can be seen that the total consumption of the ultrasonic motor system decreases significantly.Therefore,when using in certain system the consumption taken from the system will decreases largely,especially in the system with a strict consumption control.     

复合材料RTM十字形接头力学性能研究

针对某型飞机复合材料扰流板接头,选取典型十字连接区为研究对象,研究4点弯载荷作用下采用树脂传递模塑(Resin transfer moulding,RTM)成型工艺的十字接头典型件的极限承载能力,分析其损伤破坏模式,为复合材料RTM接头的设计强度分析提供参考.论文通过典型细节件4点弯曲试验,测量了其极限承载能力,获得了...     

Steady-State Cornering Properties of a Non-pneumatic Tire with Mechanical Elastic Structure

Mechanical elastic wheel(ME-wheel)is a new type of non-inflatable safety tyre,and the structure is significantly different from traditional pneumatic tyre.In order to investigate cornering properties of ME-wheel,experimental research on mechanics characteristics of ME-wheel under steady-state cornering conditions are carried out.The test of steady-state cornering properties of ME-wheel at different experimental parameter conditions is conducted by test bench for dynamic mechanical properties of tyre.Cornering property curves are used to analyze the steady-state cornering properties of ME-wheel,namely the variation tendency of lateral force or aligning torque with the increase of side-slip angle.Moreover,evaluation indexes for cornering properties of ME-wheel are extracted and the effect of different experimental parameters(including vertical load,friction coefficient,and speed)on cornering properties of ME-wheel is contrastively analyzed.The proposed research can provide certain reference to facilitate structure parameters and cornering properties optimizing process of ME-wheel.     

大挠度复合材料柔性梁的静力学分析与试验

提供了一种处理具有结构耦合的大挠度复合材料柔性梁的分析方法。在将三维弹性问题分解为二维线性剖面特性分析和一维非线性分析的基础上，采用有限元法计算梁的二维剖面刚度特性，编制了具有多个单元库的程序软件，它能有效地处理复杂剖面形状，对参考剖面点的翘曲位移未加任何限制；一维非线性分析时用Ｅｕｌｅｒ角描述梁的空间变形位置，建立的非线性微分方程组适用于任意大变形情况。文中给出了详细的分析与试验结果，并着重分析和试验了根部安装角分别为０°，４５°的两种情况，揭示了结构耦合对变形的影响，试验与分析具有良好的一致性，表明本文方法及处理简便、可行。     

快速装拆机场道面结构力学行为分析

为解决机场改扩建不停航施工过程中所需的飞机临时滑行通道问题,需要设计建造技术性能可靠和施工便捷的临时场道结构。为满足临时场道结构技术性、工艺性和经济性等要求,研究了直接铺筑于压实地基上的可快速装拆式型钢-预应力混凝土板块组合道面的力学性能。分别研究了不同位置加载情况下板块各部位的应力和应力变化规律,利用ABAQUS有限元软件模拟了B737-800单轮轮载作用下复合结构板体的变形规律。分析结果表明,飞机荷载作用位置对快速装拆道面结构受力和变形的影响显著,荷载作用于板角位置时的结构稳定性最差,道面板侧边容易产生较高的局部应力集中,板块边沿的局部强化对于结构稳定具有关键作用,道面板块的钢框架与内部混凝土之间连接部位为结构的薄弱环节,需要合理地分布预应力钢筋增强效应来保障结构承载能力和结构完整性,多板块的铰接衔接组合具有较明显的板体联动效应与荷载分散效应,从而有助于约束板块的局部竖向变形。     

MEMS阳极键合界面层的力学行为研究进展

回顾了微纳机电系统(Micro/Nano electro mechanical system, MEMS/NEMS)器件工业中所用键合技术的发展和应用,总结了作为其中关键键合技术之一的阳极键合在微纳系统中的重要作用及其主要特点,分析了阳极键合的机理以及所涉及的力学问题,如键合力（静电力、表面力等）作用下的表面粘着;电场作用下接触界面处粒子的扩散、反应;键合界面层中的残余应力等。阳极键合界面层的力学行为及特性直接关系到MEMS器件中微机械结构的安全与可靠性。对这些问题的研究,有助于更好地理解阳极键合,为MEMS/NEMS器件的设计、制造加工以及实际应用提供许多有益参考。     

三维编织钢纤维增强渍浆混凝土的受压力学性能

三维编织钢纤维增强渍蒙混凝土(3-D braided steel fiber reinforced concrete,3-D-BSFC)是用新工艺研制出的一种纤维三维定向增强混凝土.本文设计优选了3-D-BSFC材料的原材料与配合比,成功制备出不同纤维不同体积含量的3-D-BSFC试件,研究了其受压力学特性及钢纤雏体积率和纤维类型的影响规律.结果表明,三维编织钢纤维能显著提高基体混凝土的强度及韧性,分别提高3倍和2倍以上,同时改善了其变形能力;BSFC的破坏表现出明显的延性破坏特征,最大纵向压缩量可达20%左右.     

用人工神经网络模拟三维编织复合材料的力学性能

三维编织复合材料由于其材料结构及编织工艺的复杂性和众多工艺参数的影响，目前尚未建立成熟的力学模型。本文采用人工神经网络ＢＰ算法，将编织工艺参数作为人工神经网络的输入，将弹性模量及强度性能作为输出，建立了编织工艺参数与力学性能的人工神经网络关系模型，并讨论了ＢＰ算法及网络结构。这种人工神经网络关系模型对于三维编织复合材料的实验、生产和应用。工艺参数的选取以及理论模型的研究都有重要的参考价值。本文最后     

Mechanical Behavior of Plastic Pipe Reinforced by Cross-Winding Steel Wire Subject to Foundation Settlement

Plastic pipe reinforced by cross helically wound steel wires(PSP)is a new plastic-matrix steel composite pipe developed in China.To investigate the stress of PSP under foundation settlement,a finite element model(FEM)is proposed.The stresses and strains of PSP are obtained by the FEM analysis.The mechanic behavior of PSP subject to a foundation settlement is analyzed.Finally,the influence factor analysis of settlement deformation,such as settlement depth,overlying soil depth,diameter of PSP and inner pressure of PSP,are discussed.     

斜拉翼结构刚度分布与重量特性

多学科优化设计的研究结果表明,斜拉翼在不增加悬臂翼结构重量的情况下能显著提高展弦比和降低诱导阻力,使得斜拉翼飞机整体性能明显优于悬臂翼设计.但这些研究没有对支撑结构与主翼之间采用何种联接型式给出相应的讨论,也未对机翼刚度布局情况给出相应参考,不利于飞机总体布局方案的选择.本文从力法入手,用四板模型简化斜拉翼结构剖面,给出常见斜拉翼和其支撑结构的刚度布局和联接形式以及结构重量遗传算法寻优的相关结果.结果表明,以铰链方式联接支撑结构与联接段结构的斜拉翼结构布局方式有最好的重量特性.     

弹性地基梁单元的二次开发与应用

基于Euler梁理论和最小势能原理推导了带轴力项的Euler梁单元的刚度矩阵。结合弹性地基梁理论与坐标转换矩阵得到了在整体坐标系下的弹性地基梁的刚度矩阵。据此编制了ABAQUS用户单元子程序,进行了算例验算,结果表明:所编写的弹性地基梁单元精度高,可以用于工程实际计算。     

砂轮形貌的激光功率谱特性及其检测

阐述了砂轮形貌的理论功率谱图象、实际功率谱图象及其功率谱特性，获得了砂轮形貌的特征参数与激光功率图象的对应关系。根据上述的理论分析，设计了激光功率谱法检测砂轮形貌的采样原理及检测装置。采用时，将砂轮一圈划分为２５６个等分点，每一点均进行功率谱型的采样；为检测方便，在对称的功率谱图象一侧采集８个点的光强，共获得由８个数据组成的２５６个离散功率谱型。通过对离散功率谱型的计算自理最后由检测装置打印出砂轮     

柔性接头角刚度及弹性件剪切应变的精确计算

角刚度（又称弹性比力矩）及弹性件在最大摆角下的剪切应变是固体发动机柔性接头设计的重要指标。在考虑固体火箭发动机柔性接头层弹性件几何尺寸的差异的基础上,推导了角刚度及弹性件剪切应变的精确计算公式。算例表明,该方法计算精度更高。     

橇式起落架动刚度及阻尼特性试验研究

起落架动刚度及阻尼特性是研究直升机“地面共振”问题两个重要参数。刚进入国产化阶段的模式起落架迄今尚无可靠的理论计算方法来确定这两个参数．本试验研究利用某型直升机真实的模式起落架为试件，采用机械阻抗测量法来研究该起落架的动刚度及阻尼特性。试验使用电液伺服激振设备，对模式起落架进行不同频率的激振，实时测量相应的载荷及位移响应，从而得出了模式起落架的动刚度及阻尼。试验模拟了直升机完全停机及半升力卸载情况，在机场及冰面降落情况，以及３个不同方向的受载情况。试验结果已直接用于某型直升机的“地面共振”分析。     

Identification of Magnetic Bearing Stiffness and Damping Based on Hybrid Genetic Algorithm

Identifying the stiffness and damping of active magnetic bearings(AMBs)is necessary since those parameters can affect the stability and performance of the high-speed rotor AMBs system.A new identification method is proposed to identify the stiffness and damping coefficients of a rotor AMB system.This method combines the global optimization capability of the genetic algorithm(GA)and the local search ability of Nelder-Mead simplex method.The supporting parameters are obtained using the hybrid GA based on the experimental unbalance response calculated through the transfer matrix method.To verify the identified results,the experimental stiffness and damping coefficients are employed to simulate the unbalance responses for the rotor AMBs system using the finite element method.The close agreement between the simulation and experimental data indicates that the proposed identified algorithm can effectively identify the AMBs supporting parameters.     

直线型驻波超声电机的定、动子间接触及摩擦分析

针对一种基于面内振动的直线型驻波超声电机的定、动子接触过程和摩擦机理进行了研究。在分析中将摩擦材料层简化为分布式线弹簧,利用对电机驱动过程中等速点和接触点的相对位置的分析,将接触区域进行了分区段的讨论,推导出电机速度和输出推力的关系并进行了计算机仿真。进而对不同间距下电机定、动子接触过程进行了分析和仿真。结果表明：电机的定、动子间距在建立摩擦模型中起关键作用,其变化对电机机械特性有显著的影响。