通信光缆无人机长距离巡线系统

随着信息化程度逐步提升,通信网络规模的不断扩大,巡检光缆等运维工作量也随之大幅增加。同时,由于各单位编制体制改革,巡线人员大量精减,使巡检人员少和光缆线路长、设备多的矛盾日益凸显。针对传统光缆巡检因人力巡检方式带来的低效问题,设计了 1种无人机巡线系统替代人力巡检,对实时航拍巡检路段的视频、图片等数据信息,后台可智能识别航拍图片中的危险告警信息,从而生成告警报告,有效提高光缆巡检人员工作效率。     

Aging avionics and net-centric operations

The transformation to net-centric operations necessitates evaluation of existing avionics capabilities, identification of deficiencies of these avionics for net-centric operations, and evaluation of alternative avionics that can provide the needed capabilities. The Global Information Grid (GIG) enables net-centric operations. The purpose of the GIG is to provide end users real-time or near-real-time access to multiple information sources ranging from airborne/satellite/ground sensors (video imagery and processed visual information/data) to databases. The end users in an aircraft view and interact with this information through the human system interface (HSI) or "smart" displays. The information is transmitted across a Gigabit Ethernet on-board the aircraft that interfaces with multiple channels of a software programmable radio that acts as a hub in the GIG network, or on-board sensors and processors. This paper presents the mandated capabilities, and the processes involved in determination of upgrades needed to achieve net-centric operations.     

新世纪新千年的一些联想——兼议信息科技发展

科学与文化是人类文明的两大基石,优秀的中华文化应在新世纪对人类发展做出较大的贡献。在人类进化中,人类反馈研究自身的科学——人类学领域未来将是一个挑战性重要内容,而信息科技与之结合是重要的发展趋势和内容。发展信息科技是人类进化的永恒主题,其中研究具有一定思维能力的信息处理工具是计算机发展必然的途径。信息科技、信息系统的发展是和经济、社会发展密不可分的,有很大空间,但必须符合发展系统规律。     

Fuzzy logic applications to multisensor-multitarget correlation

A consistent tactical picture requires data fusion technology to combine and propagate information received from diverse objects and usually vague situations. The information may be contained in two types of data; numerical data received from sensor measurements, and linguistic data obtained from human operators and domain experts. In real world situations, the numerical data may be noisy, inconsistent, and incomplete, and the linguistic information is imprecise and vague. To deal with these two types of data simultaneously, fuzzy sets and fuzzy logic provide a methodology to obtain an approximate but consistent tactical picture in a timely manner for very complex or ill-defined engineering problems. A functional paradigm for fuzzy data fusion is presented. It consists of four basic elements: (1) fuzzification of crisp elements, (2) fuzzy knowledge base derived from numerical input/output relations and humans, (3) fuzzy inference mechanism based on a class of fuzzy logic, (4) defuzzification of fuzzy outputs into crisp outputs for use by a plant. For real-time practical systems, the on-line determination of a fuzzy membership function from a given set of crisp inputs is vital. To this end, a methodology for estimating an optimal membership function from crisp input data has been implemented. This is based on the possibility/probability consistency principle as proposed by L.A. Zadeh. A relationship between the fuzzy membership function and the confidence level of statistical input data has been developed and it serves as a design parameter for fuzzification. This technique has been applied to a two-dimensional multisensor-multitarget tracking system. Fuzzy system performance evaluations have been presented. With simulated data in the laboratory environment, the simulation has been performed to evaluate the Mission Avionics Sensor Synergism (MASS) Systems. These results show better performance for the data correlation function using the fuzzy logic techniques.     

基于人体运动学辅助的可穿戴式行人导航系统

针对行人导航定位问题,研究了基于人体运动学辅助的可穿戴式行人导航系统实现的关键技术。首先基于人体运动学原理构建了零速检测模型,使用最优综合判断条件有效检测出对应的零速时刻,实时进行速度和姿态的更新修正。在检测到零速时刻时,将速度误差、位置误差作为观测量,经Kalman滤波估计惯导系统误差并进行反馈校正,抑制惯导系统的误差,提高导航定位精度。研制了集信息采集、数据传输、导航解算与监控显示于一体的可穿戴式行人导航系统,可对行人的运动状态进行实时监控。所设计的基于人体运动学辅助的可穿戴式行人导航系统,平均定位误差小于行走距离的1.1%,最大不超过1.7%,验证了本系统的可靠性和适用性。     

应用神经网络模型评价社保基金运营效果方法研究

社会保障基金是社会成员普遍关注的资金,他的利用关系到全社会成员的公共利益。因此,社会保障基金运用效果的评价问题一直是社会各界争论的焦点,正确评价其运用效果是值得学术界探讨的问题。运用神经网络模型对社会保障基金运用效果进行评价是对神经网络模型的应用及对社会保障基金运用效果的评价进行尝试和探讨。     

Human factors quantification via boundary identification of flight performance margin

A systematic methodology including a computational pilot model and a pattern recognition method is presented to identify the boundary of the flight performance margin for quantifying the human factors. The pilot model is proposed to correlate a set of quantitative human factors which represent the attributes and characteristics of a group of pilots. Three information processing components which are influenced by human factors are modeled： information perception, decision making, and action execution. By treating the human factors as stochastic variables that follow appropriate probability density functions, the effects of human factors on flight performance can be investigated through Monte Carlo（MC） simulation. Kernel density estimation algorithm is selected to find and rank the influential human factors. Subsequently, human factors are quantified through identifying the boundary of the flight performance margin by the k-nearest neighbor（k-NN） classifier. Simulation-based analysis shows that flight performance can be dramatically improved with the quantitative human factors.     

Automated inspection of through hole solder joints utilizing X-rayimaging

Solder joint inspection has traditionally been done by manual inspection. The disadvantage of manual inspection is the large amount of time required and the decrease in efficiency as operator fatigue occurs. This has prompted the development of automated inspection systems to speed up the inspection process and increase efficiency. Automated inspection systems typically use visible light, infrared light or X-rays to illuminate the board. These systems require solder joint position information that is provided either by CAD data or by human entry of the position information. This paper describes a preliminary, automated inspection system that finds the solder joints in an X-ray image and inspects them using an artificial neural network (ANN). The identification of solder joints in the gray-scale image is done using image processing techniques; CAD data or manual registration of the solder joints is not required. The image processing techniques also yield binary maps (i.e., black and white images) showing the locations of ICs and other components, which is useful for other diagnostics     

人力资源管理信息系统

人力资源是企业管理的中心环节,计算机辅助管理对人力资源管理的规范化、科学化以及信息集成起到重大的推动作用。为此,洪都航空集团公司开发了人力资源管理信息系统软件。本文论述了该系统的技术特点、运行环境及系统的功能结构等。     

基于信息熵的飞机相似机型确定方法

参考类似机型的经验是我国目前民用飞机研制的主要途径之一。为了更好地借鉴国内外类似机型的经验,本文提出了一种基于信息熵的类似机型确定方法,该方法应用信息熵理论,直接通过类似机型数据所蕴含的客观信息计算各属性的权重,消除了依靠人为指定权重的主观因素影响。在此基础上,给出了包含有不精确信息属性的相似度的计算方法,最后应用支线飞机实例进行了验证,表明该方法具有较高的客观有效性。     

面向航空发动机的质量数据及管理体系结构的分析研究

航空发动机质量的好坏直接影响飞机飞行的可靠性,本文研究了航空发动机全寿命周期过程中产生的各种质量数据;为了有效集成和共享数据信息,以发动机的组成要素为依据,对数据信息进行分类分析,并将质量信息分为产品类、组件类、零件类;最后建立了质量数据信息系统体系结构,实现了航空发动机质量数据从采集、分类、传递到共享达到集成化的管理。     

面向航空线束的数字化制造关键问题探讨

针对当前制约航空线束制造能力的瓶颈问题,从信息传递、人员因素和生产方式等方面开展了分析。结合当前物联网技术和智能制造的发展趋势,提出航空线束数字化制造的总体框架,从产品数据建模、工装设备、软件系统3方面提出航空线束数字化制造的解决方法,为构建信息物理相融合的线束智能制造系统提供方法和技术支持。     

三维激光成像系统的点云模型真彩色处理方法

三维激光成像系统获得的点云数据精度高并且保有高精度的高程信息,然而特征信息不明显,没有保留全部的点和点的拓扑关系,无法直接判读地面物体;影像数据空间分辨率和精度低,并且缺少高程信息,然而其影像的特征连续,光谱信息丰富.因此,进行点云数据与影像数据融合方法的研究是目前三维激光成像系统研制的前沿性课题.针对点云数据与影像数据融合方法的研究,提出了一种三维激光成像系统点云模型真彩色处理的方法.实验结果显示,采用所提出的方法,不仅能够获得被扫描物体的位置信息和大小信息,而且能够得到被扫描物体的表面纹理细节信息.     

人力资源管理视角下的员工责任

知识经济时代,知识型员工是企业的核心资源。知识型员工正在成为员工主体,主动参与人力资源管理过程是他们诉求自我发展的一种方式。同时,由于人力资源管理职能向战略管理职能的转变,员工被视为企业的利益相关者和合作伙伴,客观上也要求员工承担起人力资源管理的责任。员工在人力资源管理过程中要承担的责任主要是合作、自我管理、适应变革、学习与发展、沟通与反馈。员工责任行使的效果受组织权力结构、信息和个人素质能力等因素的影响,只有建立支持型的组织机构、通畅的信息传递和反馈机制以及制定提高员工能力的培训和发展计划,才能有效保证员工责任的行使。     

Multistage integration model for human egomotion perception

Human computational vision models that attempt to account for the dynamic perception of egomotion and relative depth typically assume a common three-stage process: first, compute the optical flow field based on the dynamically changing image; second, estimate the egomotion states based on the flow; and third, estimate the relative depth/shape based on the egomotion states and possibly on a model of the viewed surface. We propose a model more in line with recent work in human vision, employing multistage integration. Here the dynamic image is first processed to generate spatial and temporal image gradients that drive a mutually interconnected state estimator and depth/shape estimator. The state estimator uses the image gradient information in combination with a depth/shape estimate of the viewed surface and an assumed model of the viewer's dynamics to generate current state estimates; in tandem, the depth/shape estimator uses the image gradient information in combination with the viewer's state estimate and assumed shape model to generate current depth/shape estimates. In this paper, we describe the model and compare model predictions with empirical data.     

分布式光电经纬仪测量系统信息传输设计

由于光电经纬仪测量系统中,测量摄影机越来越多地由高速电视所替代,信号传输在原来只有数据信息的基础上又增加了高速图像信息,从而使得信息传输量大大增加。就光电经纬仪测量系统中使用的导电环和经纬仪专用通讯系统接口在信息传输中的能力缺陷,分别寻找出多路空间互连光旋转连接器和光纤以太网的解决途径,为经纬仪的旋转平台和静止平台之间以及各经纬仪之间的信息传输,提出一种新的设计方案。     

自动测试标记语言及其应用

自动测试标记语言(ATML)作为信息交换媒介可实现包括测试数据、测试资源数据、诊断数据和历史数据等信息共享。由ATML框架和组件标准组成的ATML系列标准为集成测试数据、测试策略和需求、测试步骤、测试结果管理和测试系统实现规定了整体系统环境。文章介绍了如何在某型装备远程测试维修系统中应用ATML来表示测试信息。自动测试标记语言将极大地促进自动测试技术的发展并具有广阔的应用前景。     

Tracking with classification-aided multiframe data association

In most conventional tracking systems, only the target kinematic information from, for example, a radar or sonar or an electro-optical sensor, is used in measurement-to-track association. Target class information, which is typically used in postprocessing, can also be used to improve data association to give better tracking accuracy. The use of target class information in data association can improve discrimination by yielding purer tracks and preserving their continuity. In this paper, we present the simultaneous use of target classification information and target kinematic information for target tracking. The approach presented integrates target class information into the data association process using the 2-D (one track list and one measurement list) as well as multiframe (one track list and multiple measurement lists) assignments. The multiframe association likelihood is developed to include the classification results based on the "confusion matrix" that specifies the accuracy of the target classifier. The objective is to improve association results using class information when the kinematic likelihoods are similar for different targets, i.e., there is ambiguity in using kinematic information alone. Performance comparisons with and without the use of class information in data association are presented on a ground target tracking problem. Simulation results quantify the benefits of classification-aided data association for improved target tracking, especially in the presence of association uncertainty in the kinematic measurements. Also, the benefit of 5-D (or multiframe) association versus 2-D association is investigated for different quality classifiers. The main contribution of this paper is the development of the methodology to incorporate exactly the classification information into multidimensional (multiframe) association.     

Humane Intelligence: A Human Factors Perspective for Developing Intelligent Cockpits

A human factors perspective for creating intelligent cockpits is described and explained. A conceptualized interface among the pilots, mental models, and human information technologies is proposed wherein knowledge concerning human cognition is meshed with the capabilities and limitations of artificial intelligence (AI). Necessarily, a different way of looking at the pilot's role in the intelligent cockpit is developed.     

采用被动侧杆的民机设计中的人为因素考虑

与中央杆/盘或主动侧杆相比,被动侧杆的最大缺陷在于缺乏反驱装置,进而产生人-机交互信息以及主/副驾交互信息的缺失,增加了人为差错的出现概率;被动侧杆由于缺乏力反馈,会造成飞行员对触觉这一最直接信息的缺失,进而影响人-机操纵权限的分配。在民机设计中,可以考虑在被动侧杆上添加模式切换按钮,从而在保持飞行员超控权限和提供有效包线保护这两者间找到最佳平衡点。被动侧杆由于缺乏反驱装置,无法实现左、右侧杆的联动,因此更容易出现叠加操纵。在民机设计中,应当从视觉、听觉、触觉全方位对叠加操纵进行提示,同时借鉴已有的接替操纵操作程序,以提高飞行员的适应性。