以天然石墨为原料制备高性能材料的研究

以天然石墨为原料，进行多组元掺杂制备了SiC-B4C-ZrC/C复合材料。研究了ZrO2的加入量对材料性能的影响。实验结果表明：加入少量的（小于8％）ZrO2石墨材料的力学性能和电学性能明显得到提高；而继续添加ZrO2，石墨材料的力学性能和电学性能则有所下降。     

碳化硼对碳／碳复合材料的催化石墨化作用

本文研究了用Ｂ４Ｃ作催化剂，以降低Ｃ／Ｃ复合材料的石墨化温度，并比较分析了添加Ｂ４Ｃ后，对Ｃ／Ｃ复合材料力学、热物理性能的影响。结果表明，添加Ｂ４Ｃ后，在比通常石墨化温度低４００℃的情况下，石墨化度反而增加了１４％，达到了８５％。Ｃ／Ｃ复合材料的抗热震性能也有提高。同时应用Ｘ射线衍射（ＸＲＤ）、Ｘ射线光电子能谱（ＸＰＳ）等分析手段，分析了Ｂ４Ｃ对Ｃ／Ｃ复合材料的催化石墨化机理。     

喷雾共沉积石墨增强锌基复合材料的低频内耗

 在ZA27合金中添加50mg.g-1Si并采用喷雾共沉积技术制备了石墨颗粒体积分数分别为5%,10%,15%的锌基复合材料。采用多功能内耗仪对材料的低频内耗（1Hz,4Hz）行为进行了测量。结果发现,复合材料的内耗值大小与温度显着相关,较低温度时复合材料的内耗值低于喷雾沉积材料;随着温度的上升,40℃以后高于喷雾沉积材料;同时随石墨颗粒体积分数的增加,复合材料的内耗值逐步提高且不同频率条件下内耗相等时所对应的温度值线性上升。分析了石墨复合前后材料的主要内耗机制。     

石墨密封材料高温摩擦磨损行为及预测

利用HT-1000型高温摩擦磨损试验机研究了石墨M210密封材料高温下摩擦磨损性能,采用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）观察分析了磨损表面形貌.基于试验数据,通过灰色理论GM（1,1）建立了摩擦因数和磨损率预测模型.结果表明:石墨M210密封材料摩擦因数呈先增大再减小,而后趋于一稳定值,试验温度为450℃时,摩擦因数最小;磨损率随着试验温度升高而增大.试验温度在低于300℃,磨损表面具有明显的黏着、撕裂和无序的塑流动痕迹,高于400℃时,塑流动痕迹具有明显的方向性,出现了剥落和断裂痕迹.温度较低时,石墨材料表面主要是水汽物理吸附膜起润滑作用,随着试验温度升高,由物理吸附膜润滑逐渐转向反应膜润滑.基于试验数据建立了精度等级均为1级的摩擦因数和磨损率的预测模型.      

纳米MoS_2对芳纶纤维织物/酚醛树脂复合材料摩擦学性能的影响

采用溶液浸渍和模压成型的方法制备了纳米MoS_2含量不同(0.5 wt%、1.5 wt%和2.5 wt%)的芳纶纤维织物/酚醛树脂复合材料,并采用摩擦磨损试验机对制备复合材料的摩擦学性能进行测试,采用扫描电子显微镜对制备复合材料表面的磨痕进行表征分析。结果表明,加入纳米MoS_2可以改善芳纶纤维织物/酚醛树脂复合材料的摩擦磨损性能。当载荷相同时,纳米MoS_2加入量为0.5 wt%时复合材料具有较小的摩擦系数和较低的磨损率,表面磨损也最轻。当改变载荷时,添加0.5 wt%纳米MoS_2的复合材料随着载荷的增加其摩擦系数增大,磨损率增加。     

SiC涂层/B4C改性炭基复合材料的氧化行为研究

以Ｓｉ和ＳｉＯ为硅化蒸气源,用ＣＶＲ和ＣＶＩ工艺对两种基体材料（纯石墨和Ｂ４Ｃ粒子改性石墨）进行了高温硅化处理,得到了四种复合材料：ＳｉＣ涂层／石墨（ＳＣ／Ｇ）,梯度ＳｉＣ涂层／石墨（ＧＳＣ／Ｇ）,ＳｉＣ涂层／Ｂ４Ｃ改性石墨（ＳＣ／ＢＧ）和梯度ＳｉＣ涂层／Ｂ４Ｃ改性石墨（ＧＳＣ／ＢＧ）。考察了四种复合材料在１２００℃的恒温氧化行为。同时也考察了梯度ＳｉＣ涂层／Ｂ４Ｃ改性石墨在１３００℃及经历了１０     

银基复合材料电刷的摩擦磨损特性

基于Archard模型建立了电刷与导电环之间摩擦过程的磨损模型。搭建了导电环摩擦磨损试验台,对银基复合材料电刷的电接触摩擦磨损性能进行了实验验证。结果表明,大的接触压力会使表面微凸体更容易发生塑性变形而形成磨屑;载流会在电刷材料表面形成波纹状磨痕并产生粉末状的磨屑;磨损率在磨损初期会由于接触面积较小和表面加工硬化的作用出现先升后降的变化规律;对磨损率模型进行修正,使该磨损率模型对银基复合材料电刷磨损率的预测较为准确,为进一步研发银基复合材料电刷提供了理论指导和实验依据。     

无压浸渗SiCp/Al复合材料干摩擦磨损性能研究

采用无压浸渗法制备了不同SiC颗粒体积分数以及不同SiC颗粒粒度的Al基复合材料.以硬质合金(80%WC 20%Co)为对摩试样进行了干摩擦试验,研究了颗粒体积分数(15%,25%,35%,45%,55%)、颗粒粒度(110μm,63μm,45μm)以及载荷(196N,392N)对SiCp/Al复合材料干摩擦磨损性能的影响.采用SEM和EDS分析了铝合金基体、复合材料的磨损表面及磨损机理.研究结果表明,颗粒体积分数在15%～35%之间时,复合材料的耐磨性明显优于铝合金基体.载荷为196N时,铝合金的磨损率是15%,25%,35%SiCp(110μm)/Al复合材料的2.16,2.76,2.07倍.SiCp/Al复合材料的磨损率随着颗粒粒度的增加、载荷的减小而降低.SiC颗粒的体积分数对铝基复合材料的磨损率和磨损机制有显著影响:SiC颗粒体积分数存在一个最佳值(25%),此时复合材料的磨损率最小,耐磨性能最好.当体积分数小于25%时,复合材料磨损率随着体积分数的增加而下降,磨损机制以磨粒磨损为主,而当体积分数大于25%时,复合材料磨损率随着体积分数的增加而上升,磨损机制以表层剥落磨损为主,同时伴有磨粒磨损.     

三乙烯四胺改性碳纳米管对环氧树脂力学性能的影响

采用三乙烯四胺(TETA)对多壁碳纳米管(MWNT)改性,红外光谱表明MWNT表面成功接枝氨基基团,拉曼光谱表明胺化过程并未改变MWNT本身的石墨结构.用胺化前后的MWNT与环氧树脂(EP)复合,研究了不同含量MWNT对复合材料力学性能的影响.结果表明胺化碳纳米管对EP有较好的增强增韧作用,添加量为0.75%(质量分数)时可以使复合材料的抗拉强度提高70%,冲击强度提高61%.复合材料断面场发射扫描电镜照片(FESEM)表明胺化MWNT在基体中分散性提高,并且与基体的相容性增强,提高了材料力学性能.     

(Grf+SiCp)/Mg的热膨胀性能

采用挤压铸造技术制备了石墨纤维织物与SiC颗粒混杂增强镁基复合材料,研究了其微观组织与热膨胀性能。结果表明,复合材料的的线胀系数随温度升高而降低,经退火后复合材料在20-100℃的平均线胀系数约为3×10^-6/K。纤维二维正交排布条件下复合材料热膨胀性能的各向异性特征得到有效改善。     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.     

Preparation of Highly Dispersed Antimony-doped Tin Oxide Nano-powder via Ion-exchange Hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 and Azeotropic Drying

Antimony-doped tin hydroxide colloid precipitates have been synthesized by hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 using: (1) an ion-exchange hydrolysis to remove chlorine ions, and (2) isoamyl acetate as an azeotropic solvent to obviate water. The obtained dried powder is of high dispersivity without any need for further grinding. The size and dispersivity of the final particles are investigated with the aid of TG-DTA, BET, XRD and TEM. After having calcined, the antimony-doped tin oxide nanopowder possesses a tetragonal rutile structure with high dispersivity, uniform particles and low hard agglomeration.     

Effects of Mo on the Microstructure and Hydrogen Sorption Properties of Ti-Mo Getters

The effects of Mo on the microstructure evolution, porosity and hydrogen sorption properties of Ti-Mo getters are investigated in this work. The results show that the addition of Mo prolongs the densification process of Ti-Mo getters and results in a significant amount of sintered pores. With the Mo content increasing, the porosity of getters firstly increases reaching the maximum value as it at- tains about 7.5wt.%, and then drops. At the room temperature, the hydrogen sorption property of getters increases progressively with the Mo content increasing, but the tendency is not very clear before its content lies below 2.5wt.%. When the Mo content achieves about 7.5wt.%, the hydrogen sorption property proves to be the best. The discussion is made about the above mentioned phenomena inclusive of hydrogen sorption properties of getters under different activation conditions (from 500-750 ℃).     

超声速燃烧数值模拟中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型

高精度数值模拟有助于理解超声速湍流燃烧中湍流与化学反应的相互作用,可为发动机燃烧室等工程应用设计提供可靠的预测模型。除直接数值模拟外,目前在湍流燃烧应用中使用的大涡模拟和雷诺平均Navier-Stokes模拟均需要借助模型模化发生在湍流小尺度上的流动与化学反应过程对湍流大尺度运动的影响。现有的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型大致可分为:火焰面类模型和概率密度函数类模型,2类模型在不同的应用中各自具有优势和局限性。此外,现有模型大都基于低马赫数燃烧,而超声速燃烧中通常会伴随快速混合、局部熄火和再着火以及激波等复杂过程,这为发展其中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型提出了更多的挑战。     

适于低轨卫星IP网络的单核共享树组播算法(英文)

为了解决低轨卫星IP网络中现有典型源组播算法的信道资源浪费问题,本文提出了一套单核共享树组播算法,即核心群合并共享树(CCST)和加权核心群合并共享树(w-CCST)算法。CCST 算法包括动态近似中心(DAC)选核方法和核心群合并组播路径构建方法。DAC方法专为周期、规律运动的低轨卫星网络提出,不需要复杂的星上计算。在核心群合并方法中,以核节点作为初始核心群,通过核心群和剩余组成员的最短路径方法逐步扩展直至整棵组播树构建完成,从而使得组播树的树代价最小,大大提高了网络的带宽利用率和组播传输效率。w-CCST 算法中所提出的加权因子可以调整树代价和端到端传播时延之间的折衷程度,因此,可以通过调整加权因子来适度增大树代价、降低端到端传播时延以支持某些端到端时延要求苛刻的实时组播业务。最后,与低轨卫星 IP 网络中典型算法进行了性能比较,仿真结果说明,CCST 算法的平均树代价比其它算法显著降低,w-CCST 算法的平均端到端传播时延小于 CCST 算法。     

Jet Vectoring Control Using a Novel Synthetic Jet Actuator

A primary air jet vectoring control system with a novel synthetic jet actuator (SJA) is presented and simulated numerically. The results show that, in comparison with an existing traditional synthetic jet actuator, which is able to perform the duty of either “push” or “pull”, one novel synthetic jet actuator can fulfill both “push” and “pull” functions to vector the primary jet by shifting a slide block inside it. Therefore, because the new actuator possesses greater efficiency, it has potentiality to replace the existing one in various appli- cations, such as thrust vectoring and the reduction of thermal signature. Moreover, as the novel actuator can fulfill those functions that the existing one can not, it may well be expected to popularize it into more flow control systems.     

Nonlinear Adaptive Slewing Motion Control of Spacecraft Truss Driven by Synchronous V-gimbaled CMG Precession

The slewing motion control of a truss arm driven by a V-gimbaled control-moment-gyro (CMG) is a nonlinear control problem. The V-gimbaled CMG consists of a pair of gyros that must precess synchronously. The moment of inertia of the system, the angular momentum of the gyros and the external disturbances are not exactly known. With the help of feedback linearization and recursive Lyapunov design method, an adaptive nonlinear controller is designed to deal with the unknown items. Performance of the proposed controller is verified by simulation.     

An SOR Implicit Time-accurate Scheme in Calculating Unsteady Flows

A new time-accurate marching scheme for unsteady flow calculations is proposed in the present work. This method is the combination of classical Successive Over-Relaxation (SOR) iteration method and Jacobian matrix diagonally dominant splitting method of LUSGS. One advantage of this algorithm is the second-order accuracy because of no factorization error. Another advantage is the low computational cost because the Jacobian matrices and fluxes are only calculated once in each physical time step. And, the SOR algorithm has better convergence property than Gauss-Seidel. To investigate its accuracy and convergency, several unsteady flow computa- tional tests are carried out by using the proposed SOR algorithm. Roe’s FDS scheme is used to discritize the inviscid flux terms. Un- steady computational results of SOR are compared with the experiment results and those of Gauss-Seidel. Results reveal that the numerical results agree well with the experimental data and the second-order accuracy can be obtained as the Gauss-Seidel for unsteady flow computations. The impact of SOR factor is investigated for unsteady computations by using different SOR factors in this algorithm to simulate each computational test. Different numbers of inner iterations are needed to converge to the same criterion for different SOR factors and optimal choice of SOR factor can improve the computational efficiency greatly.