A refined trigonometric shear deformation theory for thermoelastic bending of functionally graded sandwich plates

A refined trigonometric shear deformation theory (RTSDT) taking into account transverse shear deformation effects is presented for the thermoelastic bending analysis of functionally graded sandwich plates. Unlike any other theory, the number of unknown functions involved is only four, as against five in case of other shear deformation theories. The theory presented is variationally consistent, does not require shear correction factor, the displacement components are expressed by trigonometric series representation through the plate thickness to develop a two-dimensional theory and gives rise to transverse shear stress variation such that the transverse shear stresses vary parabolically across the thickness satisfying shear stress free surface conditions. The sandwich with homogeneous facesheet and FGM core is considered. Material properties of the present FGM core are assumed to vary according to a power law distribution in terms of the volume fractions of the constituents. The influences played by the transverse shear deformation, thermal load, plate aspect ratio, and volume fraction distribution are studied. Numerical results for deflections and stresses of functionally graded metal–ceramic plates are investigated. It can be concluded that the proposed theory is accurate and simple in solving the thermoelastic bending behavior of functionally graded plates.     

超精密加工中研抛分布力测量方法的探讨

在研磨盘的不同位置打深盲孔,近于贯穿,仅留下薄薄一圆形平膜片,作为抛光法向压力的敏感元件。此圆平膜片半径,厚度由位移敏感元件灵敏度及抛光所容许的外扰（对实际工作状态影响足够小）决定。在此孔中安置光纤位移传感器测量圆平膜片的变形位移,就可解算出抛光时研磨盘的局部压力。信号调制后通过多路遥测装置或电刷滑环等集流器将信号引出。     

一种含分层复合材料层合板高阶理论及有限元模型

本文提出了一种新的复合材料县合板高阶弯曲位移模式。此模式考虑了横向剪切的影响,得到一种新的厚板有限元模型。对于含有分层的单元,通过改变其单元内横向剪切应力的分布,达到改变单元刚度的目的。因此,此模型适用于任何厚度的或含有分层的复合材料层合板。     

ON THE STABILITY OF ANISOTROPIC VISCOELASTIC THIN PLATES

Uptonow,someanalyses['~'Jhavebeendoneoncreepbucklingofviscoelasticstruc-tures.However,nomethodhaseverbeengiventodeterminethedurablecriticalloadofvis-coelasticstructuressubjectedtoadurableload.OnlyTroyanovskii['jsubmittedamethodtode-terminethedurablecriticalloadofisotropicviscoelasticthinplatesbutgavenoexample.Thededucingandcalculatingmethodinthispapercanbeusedtoresolvethecreepbucklingques-tionsofotheranisotropicviscoelasticplatesandshells.lAnalysisThecreepbucklingofanorthotropicviscoelastict…     

复合材料层合板壳通用单元和等网格加筋板壳的局部稳定性

 本文根据多变量拟协调罚函数法构造了15自由度三角形复合材料层合板壳厚薄通用单元。文中以各向同性和等网格加筋板壳的局部稳定性为算例,证明了该单元的有效性,并讨论了结构跨厚比α/h,弹性模量比E_1/E_2、铺设角,铺层数以及边界支承条件与剪切效应和耦合效应间的关系。     

Determination of maximum deflection in transverse bending of parallelogram plates using the conformal radiuses ratio

A problem of transverse bending of elastic isotropic parallelogram plates under the action of uniformly distributed load is considered. The plate sides are either pivoted or rigidly restrained. To determine the value of maximum plate deflection, it is proposed that an interpolation technique with respect to form factor be used; and as a geometrical argument, an inner-outer conformal radius ratio can be applied instead of the form factor.     

Higher-order vibration of thick composite and sandwich plates based on an alternative higher-order model

The transverse stretching vibration of thick sandwich plates, which is attributed to largely different stiffness at the adjacent layers, is a challenging issue, and efficient approach for such issue is less reported in the published literature. Thus, natural frequencies corresponding to stretching vibration modes are generally neglected in engineering design, which might impact structural safety as frequencies of the exciting force are close to transverse stretching vibration frequencies. This paper proposes an alternative higher-order model for dynamic analysis corresponding to the higher-order vibration modes. The proposed model is classified in the displacement-based equivalent single-layer theory, as the number of displacement parameters in the proposed model is independent of the layer number. The continuity of displacements and transverse shear stresses can be fulfilled at the interfaces between the adjacent layers of structures. To demonstrate the capability of the proposed model, typical examples are analyzed by utilizing the proposed model, the three-dimensional finite element method and the chosen higher-order models. By comparing with the exact three-dimensional elasticity solutions, it is found that the proposed model can yield more accurate natural frequencies corresponding to the higher-order displacement modes than the selected models. Moreover, the factors influencing reasonable prediction of the higher-order frequencies are investigated in detail, which can provide a reference for the accurate prediction of the higher-order frequencies.     

Static Analysis of Functionally Graded Sandwich Plates Using an Efficient and Simple Refined Theory

In this paper, a new displacement based high-order shear deformation theory is introduced for the static response of function-ally graded sandwich plate. Unlike any other theory, the number of unknown functions involved is only four, as against five in case of other shear deformation theories. The theory presented is variationally consistent, has strong similarity with classical plate theory in many aspects, does not require shear correction factor, and gives rise to transverse shear stress variation such that the transverse shear stresses vary parabolically across the thickness satisfying shear stress free surface conditions. Two common types of functionally graded sandwich plates, namely, the sandwich with functionally graded facesheet and homogeneous core and the sandwich with homogeneous facesheet and functionally graded core, are considered. Governing equations are derived from the principle of virtual displacements. The closed-form solution of a simply supported rectangular plate subjected to sinu-soidal loading has been obtained by using the Navier method. The validity of the present theory is investigated by comparing some of the present results with those of the classical, the first-order and the other higher-order theories. It can be concluded that the proposed theory is accurate and simple in solving the static bending behavior of functionally graded sandwich plates.     

夹层板精密成形的数值模拟

为了实现基于“点阵钉模、真空负压、蜂窝夹层”的双曲度面板精密成形过程的有限元数值模拟,分析了成形 2个阶段的变形过程,建立了简化的力学模形,以一种广义协调薄板弯曲四边形位移单元为基础构造了具有公共横向位移自由度的几何非线性四边形四节点分别考虑和不考虑横向剪切的多层板单元,通过牛顿 -拉斐逊法结合载荷、位移约束量的增量法求解几何非线性方程,较好地再现了真实成形过程     

航空复合材料加筋板压缩屈曲及后屈曲力学性能

航空复合材料加筋板由于具有良好的力学性能,广泛地应用于航空结构中。本工作研究了航空复合材料加筋板压缩屈曲及后屈曲力学性能,首先应用工程方法对复合材料加筋板进行压缩稳定性计算,得到加筋板的屈曲载荷和破坏载荷的预估值;其次,开展复合材料加筋板压缩稳定性实验,得到实验件的屈曲及破坏形式、实验件的载荷-应变及载荷-位移关系和实验件的屈曲载荷和破坏载荷。结果表明:采用工程方法得到的计算结果与实验结果较为吻合,屈曲载荷和破坏载荷的误差分别为6.12%和9.31%,合理应用工程方法可以为实验提供较好的指导;加筋板的破坏形式为壁板的分层、鼓包和撕裂、筋条的断裂以及筋条-壁板的脱粘;屈曲比为1.65的复合材料加筋板具有较强的后屈曲承载能力;工程中可充分应用加筋板的后屈曲承载能力提高结构的利用效率。     

推广的铆钉力法解对接桁条加劲板的应力强度因子

 本文通过两类带有对接桁条加劲板应力强度因子的求解,说明推广的铆钉力法及其应用,侧重地讨论了用Pars位移公式确定不规则含裂纹构件位移场的具体步骤。文中给出了两个实际算例的计算曲线,这一结果趋势合理,精度满足工程要求,可直接为工程应用服务。     

层合板准静态压痕损伤分析

对复合材料层合板进行了横向静态压痕试验,得到了载荷-位移曲线.依据曲线上的位移值,采用九节点壳单元、三维Tsai-Wu失效判和损伤层刚度折减方法,对准静态压痕损伤进行了计算,并与超声C扫描压痕损伤检测图像做了比较.结果表明,损伤仿真与实际损伤检测图一致性好.     

Vibrational behavior of isotropic plate structures in contact with a bounded fluid via unified formulation

This paper presents an analytical solution for free vibration analysis of thick rectangular isotropic plates coupled with a bounded fluid for various boundary conditions. In order to consider displacement theories of an arbitrary order, the Carrera Unified Formulation(CUF) is used. The eigenvalue problem is obtained by using the energy functional, considering plate and fluid kinetic energies as well as the potential energy of the plate. The Ritz method is used to evaluate the displacement variables, and the functions used in the Ritz series can be adjusted to consider any of the classical boundary conditions. The convergence of the solution is analyzed, and a validation of results considering open literature and 3D finite element software is performed. Parametric studies are carried out to obtain natural frequencies as a function of the side-to-thickness ratio, plate aspect ratio, fluid domain size, plate boundary conditions, and fluid-solid density ratio. Pressure and velocity in the fluid domain are evaluated in order to establish the consistency of the solution.Accurate results for thick plates are obtained with a much lower computational cost compared to that of 3D finite element solutions.     

用广义应变法解钣的大挠度问题

 在结构的有限元分析中,不管是线性或非线性,目前广泛采用的仍然是假设位移函数,并以节点位移作为基本未知量的位移法,而广义应变法则以广义应变作为基本未知量。     

纤维缠绕角度对CFRP-Al混合圆管横向受载性能影响

基于准静态横向弯曲试验对缠绕工艺下制备的CFRP/Al混合圆管进行抗弯性能和吸能特性研究,分析了混合圆管的破坏模式,基于不同纤维缠绕角度的碳纤维复合材料-铝合金混合圆管三点弯曲试验结果,通过有限元仿真方法研究了内层纤维缠绕角度对其横向抗弯与吸能特性的影响。试验结果表明,CFRP-Al混合圆管横向载荷下的失效形式、损伤模式与纯铝管基本保持一致,但受纤维缠绕角度的影响失效形貌略有差异。纤维缠绕角度越小,CFRP-Al混合圆管的抗弯性能和吸能性越好,同时压溃效率(CFE)明显降低。基于验证的有限元模型,研究不同角度纤维缠绕内层对于表层纤维层的应力传递影响,小角度缠绕内层对于管件的轴向拉伸变形抑制增加了管件整体峰值载荷与吸能作用,大角度缠绕内层对于管件环向刚度的提升增加了整体压溃效率。依此分析可为合理设计CFRP-Al混合管提供有效依据。     

热声载荷作用下薄壁结构非线性响应分析和试验验证

针对热声载荷作用下薄壁结构大挠度非线性响应问题,开展了固支约束金属薄壁板结构热声激励试验及数值模拟分析。通过计算结果与试验结果对比,表明两者结果存在一致性,进而验证了薄壁板在热声载荷作用下动态响应计算方法和数值模型的有效性。在此基础上,针对加筋板结构完成了多种热声载荷组合作用下的动力学响应计算,获得了时域位移响应。重点对该结构在后屈曲状态下的3种典型振动形式进行分析,总结出热载荷与声载荷之间的相对强度决定了板的不同跳变形式。采用统计分析方法建立了位移响应的概率谱密度函数（PDF）并绘图,清楚地显示了后屈曲板的PDF表现出双峰现象。使用功率谱密度（PSD）函数分析了响应频率和峰值随着温度升高的变化,并确定了板的软化和硬化区域。总结了屈曲前/后结构特定区域拉应力和压应力的变化规律,并阐述了造成这种变化的原因。本文工作可对热声载荷作用下薄壁结构响应分析和动强度设计提供参考依据。     

纤维增强及匀质层层叠板动力分析的解析与半解析方法

本文引入复合板条振型函数系列,提出二种层叠板解法。一种纯解析法适用于各种边界条件的矩形层叠板的动力计算;另一种半解析半数值方法适用于任意形状、任意边界的层叠板动力计算,比现有数值计算方法节省大量内存与时间。文中还给出了一系列常用层叠板计算公式。     

大展弦比弹性飞机着陆特性影响因素分析

安装点广义位移、结构阻尼系数和机体弹性振动频率对着陆冲击能量耗散效率有显著影响。以大展 弦比全球鹰无人机为例,基于拉格朗日方法建立刚弹耦合的弹性飞机动力学方程,对各模态质量、广义安装位 移、频率和结构阻尼系数等参数下的着陆特性进行仿真,分析各模态质量、广义安装位移、频率和结构阻尼系数 参数对缓冲器载荷和能量耗散时间的影响。结果表明:模态质量越小,安装点广义位移越大,缓冲器载荷越小; 安装点广义位移越大,结构阻尼系数越大,弹性振动频率越小,着陆冲击耗散速率越快。     

含椭圆分层复合材料层板三维问题的三角级数能量解法

根据叠加原理将含有椭圆形内部分层的层板在横向载荷作用下的受力状态进行分解 ,从而将分层问题归结为在分层表面上的附加剪切载荷作用下层板附加位移与附加应力的分析 ,并据此建立了一个仅包含分层区的力学模型。然后利用双三角级数构造满足层板分层区位移边界条件的位移模态。最后 ,应用最小势能原理确定位移解。计算结果收敛 ,挠度收敛尤为迅速。     

Reduction in clamping force due to applied longitudinal load to aerospace structural bolted plates

The main purpose of the present work is to experimentally and numerically study why and how the magnitude of the bolt clamping force reduces in the aerospace structural bolted plates when they are subjected to a longitudinal tensile load. In the experimental method, a holed plate of aluminium alloy 7075-T6 was clamped using a single bolt fastener, and then tested under an increasing static longitudinal tensile load. The bolt clamping magnitude was determined by using the measured axial compressive strains of a steel bush placed between the nut and plate. Two clamped specimens with different initial clamping forces were studied. In each specimen the actual clamping forces were determined during the longitudinal loading on the plate. In the numerical method, a three-dimensional (3D) finite element model was generated in order to simulate and quantify the bolt clamping force in the plate model loaded in tension. Both experimental and numerical results showed that the clamping force reduces considerably in the aluminium bolted plates under the longitudinal tensile loading. This is because of the transverse contraction of the plate material that causes the clamped material to release from the initial compression, and as a result, the clamping force to relax.