FAA空管信息化概况

介绍了FAA国家空域系统现代化计划的关键系统和更新进程,以及自由飞行计划的概念和关键技术。     

基于单片机的通用型无人机飞行控制系统研究

提出了基于单片机的通用型无人机飞行控制系统的设计方法;归纳出通用型飞行控制系统在角速度、线加速度、大气压强、GPS信息等飞行数据采集方面的特点;在无人机的高度控制、速度控制和航向控制方面设计了舵机的控制方案,详细论述了控制信号输出;研究了计算机的控制程序,为下一步的基于单片机的半实物系统仿真奠定了基础.     

民用飞机IRS冗余配置下融合算法研究

为了确保民用飞行的安全,大型民用飞机一般配备冗余的导航系统,如A320一般装有三套IRS。如何利用冗余的传感器信息提供最重的位置信息,成为民用飞机飞行管理系统亟待解决的关键技术。本文对冗余配置下如何进行三套IRS的融合进行了研究,提出了基于历史信息获取最佳混合位置的方法,并通过仿真分析验证了算法的有效性,为FMS导航功能关键技术的实现提供了理论基础和技术支持。     

民用飞机试飞规划与管理软件和飞行试验协同平台的接口研究与实现

针对试飞资源复杂多样的特点,阐述了在民用飞机试飞规划与管理软件和飞行试验协同平台间建立接口交联的必要。飞行试验协同平台接口应用计算机技术,借助民用飞机试飞规划与管理软件前端试验信息处理和管理功能,依托试飞任务单和试飞试验点,实现民用飞机试飞规划与管理软件对飞行试验协同平台试飞数据的读取和调用。经应用分析,通过开发接口能便捷地获取完整、准确的试飞数据,降低试飞成本,减少试飞工作量,提高试飞效率,有助于型号试飞工作的更顺利进行。     

Mission/flight systems integration study: a long-term electronicsplanning project

The objective of the Mission/Flight System Integration Study (M/FSIS) is to identify the requirements and development objectives for electronics systems technologies and conceptual architectures in future weapon system applications (in and around the year 2005), based on analyses of future missions, threats, scenarios, aerospace system concepts, and technology trends. The products are substantiated requirements for future electronics functions, systems, and architecture; technology development objectives and roadmaps; and conceptual electronics architectures and functional definitions. The study outputs will serve to guide laboratory technology development planning and programs; guide weapon system program office long-range electronics planning; illustrate user needs in terms of electronics requirements; and guide air logistics center weapon-system master planning     

Trajectory optimization of aerial slung load release for piloted helicopters

This study aims to provide the pilot with optimal control time histories for stabilization of a helicopter after releasing the slung load in aerial delivery missions. A model with 21 degrees of freedom (21-DOF) has been developed and validated for a helicopter slung load system. The control history is generated with detailed procedure based on trajectory optimization. Effects of the objective function formulation on the results are discussed and rules are obtained to assist in the objective function determination. We conclude that the pilot should first decrease and then increase the collective control and adjust the longitudinal control to stabilize the helicopter after the in-hover slung load release. The obtained control history is reasonable and helpful for safety and efficiency improvement. Effects of path constraints and the Flight Control System (FCS) are studied. More stringent path constraints will lead to longer time spent and more controls. Stronger stiffness and weaker damping from the FCS will cause milder control histories but sharper on-axis state histories.     

飞行仿真系统的软件设计方法研究

针对现代飞行仿真系统的复杂性和紧耦合性，首先按照一般意义对飞行仿真系统进行了功能模块划分，然后在系统和分系统两个层次上讨论了飞行器仿真软件开发的构架，引入了数据通道的概念，作为解决软件模块间数据接口问题的基本方法，最后通过编程验证了其可行性与合理性。     

在飞行中进行风场估计

在飞行中如何获得较精确的风场信息,对于飞行导航、控制和管理系统的研究都是一个重要的、急需解决的问题。目前飞机上无高精度的风测量手段.为此,本文将卡尔曼滤波技术应用到风场估计中去,并提出了一个简单实用的风模型。仿真结果表明该方案是成功的。本文属某无人机航迹控制研究计划的一部分.从这一工程实例出发,详细说明了利用卡尔曼滤波技术进行风场估计的全过程,其中包括飞机地速的估计,风测量精度分析等内容。     

Design of safety monitor schemes for a fault tolerant flight control system

For a research aircraft, "conventional" control laws (CLs) are implemented on a "baseline" flight computer (FC) while research CLs are typically housed on a dedicated research computer. Therefore, for an experimental aircraft used to test specific fault tolerant flight control systems, a safety logic scheme is needed to ensure a safe transition from conventional to research CLs (while at nominal conditions) as well as from research CLs at nominal conditions to conditions with "simulated" failures on specific control surfaces. This paper describes the design of such a safety scheme for the NASA Intelligent Flight Control System (IFCS) F-15 Program. The goals of the IFCS F-15 program are to investigate the performance of a set of fault tolerant CLs based on the use of dynamic inversion with neural augmentation. The different transitions are monitored using information relative to flight conditions and controller-related performance criteria. The testing of the scheme is performed with a Simulink-based flight simulation code and interface developed at West Virginia University for the NASA IFCS F-15 aircraft.     

Mid-Continent LORAN-C Expansion

The Coast Guard is extending the Continental United States (CONUS) LORAN-C coverage as part of the Federal Aviation Administration project to incorporate LORAN-C into the National Airspace System. The increased coverage will expand the number of airports approved for LORAN-C non-precision instrument approaches and enable direct Instrumental Flight Rules (IFR) routing by suitably equipped aircraft in and through the mid-continent region of the United States. The project will involve construction of a new LORAN-C chain which will be linked to the existing CONUS chains. In addition to the aviation benefits, the Mid-Continent LORAN-C Expansion will broaden the availability of LORAN-C positioning to a growing number of terrestrial users such as resource management, emergency response and fleet management.     

用最优估计法从飞行试验数据估计飞机迎角及测量误差

本文采用最优估计方法——信息平方根滤波和平滑算法,利用飞行数据对J-7原型机安装的92/BJ311型风标式迎角传感器的迎角测量误差进行了估计,给出了飞行迎角的校准公式。状态估计系统方程采用六自由度非线性方程。飞行动作采用推拉机动方法.飞行试验结果与风洞值进行了比较分析,证明飞行试验获得的误差修正系数和零偏误差是合理的。     

民用航空发动机性能故障诊断途径

发动机性能状态监控是保证飞行安全的重要手段.航空专用数据链通信系统(ACARS)和快速数据存取记录器(QAR)已经越来越普遍地被各航空公司所采用.介绍了多个综合利用ACARS、QAR译码巡航报告等信息对V2500发动机进行性能故障诊断的案例,对如何利用多种手段和EHM软件对V2500发动机进行故障诊断作了总结.     

面向A320维护训练器的飞控系统仿真模型研究

根据A320维护训练器的故障诊断的要求,利用一种改进的概念图的方法完成了A320方向舵系统的仿真建模,并以飞行增稳计算机的人工配平功能为例进行了建模及仿真验证。经A320维护训练器实际验证,该建模方法简便有效,可以扩展至整个飞控系统及A320其他系统的建模。     

NH90航空电子系统演进

NH90是一种法、德、意、荷、葡联合研制的先进中型多用途直升机,未来将成为法、德、意等国的主力作战运输、突击、反潜、搜救机型。介绍了 NH90的航空电子系统,其中包括核心航空电子,任务航空电子及飞控系统。跟踪了 NH90航空电子软件开发团队使用软件产品线（SPL）技术对航空电子架构进一步升级的方向。     

FINDER, a system providing complex decision support for commercialtransport replanning operations

Decision-aid systems, likely to appear in future aircraft generations, could play a central role in the cockpit thanks to the broad spectrum of functionalities and decision support facilities they will offer to the crew. As part of such systems, the exploratory FINDER mock-up is a knowledge-based system (KBS) designed to help crew members continually optimize their flight plan by suggesting solutions considering exhaustive information related to flight context, either on pilot request or upon external information occurrence. The successful evaluation by AIR FRANCE pilots of that first mock-up dedicated to diversion procedure on pilot request has led to the current development of an enhanced system with nominal Enroute operations and real-time capabilities. Nominal Enroute operations concern the optimization with respect to an evolutive constraining or favouring environment (due to weather, traffic or regulated areas, ETOPS constraints). This study paves the way for a future Flight Assistant System concept which is already under investigation and may take place in SEXTANT Avionique's future development steps     

Notes on `The electric control of large aeroplanes'

The author examines a proposal published by D.T. Glass-Hooper (see Flight, Dec. 21, 1916) for controlling an aircraft using solenoids. He than discusses the control systems used almost universally in aircraft through the end of WWII, and the gradual evolution to almost all-electrical flight control (the hydraulic actuator is the last major nonelectrical element). Laboratory testing of electric actuators is considered and the C-141 Aileron electric actuation system is presented. The High Technology Test Bed program, which was implemented to provide a research aircraft for the development and evaluation of aerodynamic, avionic, and flight control system concepts, is described     

GPS Program Status

The Navstar Global Positioning System (GPS) Program is composed of three segments ? Space, Control, and User Equipment. The Space segment is responsible for the development and launch of the GPS satellite constellation. The Control segment is responsible for monitoring the satellite telemetry and providing updated navigation information to the satellites. The User Equipment (UE) segment is responsible for the development and procurement of the GPS receivers for a variety of host vehicle platforms. Recently, approval was given to the User segment to enter Low Rate Initial Production (LRIP). This approval marks the beginning of Phase III (production and deployment) of the GPS program. This paper will discuss the overall status of all three segments with an emphasis on the User Equipment segment as it enters the production phase of the program.     

XV-15倾转旋翼飞机飞行控制系统概述

XV-15倾转旋翼飞机兼有直升机垂直起降、空中悬停及固定翼飞机高速巡航的优点，因而在军用和民用飞机中有着广泛的应用前景。XV-15的机体结构和普通飞机一样，但在翼尖安装可以倾转的发动机短舱和旋翼。该飞机控制系统结合旋翼控制和固定翼控制，通过自动控制系统和推力管理系统来辅助飞行员对飞机的控制。主要介绍了主飞行控制系统和辅助控制系统的控制特点。     

直升机关键构件疲劳寿命监控中的核心技术

本文介绍了直升机结构疲劳寿命监控的技术和方法,指出了疲劳寿命监控的核心在于载荷谱的识别。并介绍了目前载荷谱监控的两种途径:直接载荷监控方法和飞行状态识别方法。最后根据我国实际情况,指出开展飞行状态识别研究,不适为一种适合我国情况行之有效的方法。     

计算飞行力学的产生和发展

综述了计算飞行力学的产生背景、问题表述、理论框架和飞行力学的计算系统,以及计算飞行力学在未来飞行器研制和应用研究中的重要意义。