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垂直起降无人机总体方案分析 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
垂直起降无人机是垂直起降技术和无人机的结合体。它既有直升机的垂直起降和悬停能力,又具有固定翼飞机的速度快、航程远的特点。还具备一般无人机的基本特点,可满足执行特殊任务的需要。因无需考虑机载人员的因素,垂直起降无人机的总体设计方案更加灵活和多样。在分析现有各种垂直起降无人机方案的基础上,提出了“双旋翼尾座式飞翼”布局,并对其飞行控制策略进行了研究。 相似文献
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垂直起降固定翼无人机兼具固定翼飞机速度快、航程远和多旋翼无人机垂直起降、可悬停作业的优点,研究其翼尖垂尾对整机气动特性的影响具有重要意义。垂直起降固定翼无人机采用翼尖下垂尾的设计可以在充当垂尾使用的同时兼具翼尖小翼和起落架的作用。对比下垂尾、上垂尾、翼梢端板和常规布局四种翼尖设计,采用LBM-LES算法、壁面自适应局部涡粘大涡模拟湍流模型对四种设计的气动特性进行仿真模拟分析。结果表明:翼尖下垂尾在平飞状态时比其他三种设计气动效率更高,在垂直起降或悬停状态时,抗侧风稳定性更好。 相似文献
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固定翼无人机起降过程对场地要求高,这限制了其应用。为此,提出四火箭助推无人机实现短距离起降的方案,并对火箭助推无人机起降控制算法进行研究。设计火箭助推无人机起降过程的控制策略;建立无人机气动力、助推火箭作用力、发动机推力及控制律数学模型,构建无人机起降过程的动力学方程;设计一种基于PID 控制的控制算法,控制目标无人机在各种干扰环境下安全稳定地完成起降过程;利用MATLAB 软件编程进行仿真计算,并通过对比仿真结果与试飞结果,来验证该控制算法的有效性。结果表明:所设计的控制算法及控制律满足目标无人机起降过程的控制要求。 相似文献
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《航空科学技术》2006,(6):35-35
Sagem/贝尔直升机公司、泰雷兹/波音公司和 EADS/Vertivision 公司3个工作组已分别被授予为期一年的合同,研究采用一种通用垂直起降无人机设计满足未来法国海军和陆军无人机需求的可能性。这项研究费用的总额为400万欧元(500万美元),研究的基础将是波音公司的"小鸟"直升机、贝尔公司的"鹰眼"倾转旋翼无人机以及由 Vertivision 公司伙伴欧洲直升机公司和直升机 Guimbal 公司研制的 Orka——一种垂直起降平台。工程师们将探索确定这些联合使用垂直起降无人机的互用性、实用性和其他使用利益,以及从共享研制、维护和培训带 相似文献
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复合式垂直起降固定翼无人机是一种兼具多旋翼无人机和固定翼无人机性能的复合式无人机,其创新之处在于阐明了旋翼安装位置对无人机整体性能的影响。针对该类无人机旋翼与机翼之间的相互气动作用比较复杂的问题,本文采用实验和流体仿真两种方法对其气动特性进行分析,初步确定了旋翼的安装方式,并结合无人机的平飞状态进一步确定了旋翼的安装距离。实验及数值模拟结果表明,无人机的旋翼安装在机翼下方比安装在机翼上方效率要高,且旋翼与机翼之间的安装距离对旋翼的升力和无人机的平飞续航性能都有一定影响。 相似文献
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《中国航空学报》2022,35(9):19-34
Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) have received a wide range of attention for military and commercial applications. Enhanced with communication capability, UAVs are considered to play important roles in the Sixth Generation (6G) networks due to their low cost and flexible deployment. 6G is supposed to be an all-coverage network to provide ubiquitous connections for space, air, ground and underwater. UAVs are able to provide air-borne wireless coverage flexibly, serving as aerial base stations for ground users, as relays to connect isolated nodes, or as mobile users in cellular networks. However, the onboard energy of small UAVs is extremely limited. Thus, UAVs can be only deployed to establish wireless links temporarily. Prolonging the lifetime and developing green UAV communication with low power consumption becomes a critical challenge. In this article, a comprehensive survey on green UAV communications for 6G is carried out. Specifically, the typical UAVs and their energy consumption models are introduced. Then, the typical trends of green UAV communications are provided. In addition, the typical applications of UAVs and their green designs are discussed. Finally, several promising techniques and open research issues are also pointed out. 相似文献
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Adaptive path planning for VTOL-UAVs 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Meister O. Frietsch N. Ascher C. Trommer G.F. 《Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine, IEEE》2009,24(7):36-41
This describes the development of path planning algorithms of a small unmanned four-rotor helicopter. A powerful simulation environment of the whole UAV system - including the characteristics of the important ranging sensors for collision avoidance was developed. This is essential for developing, testing, and verifying of the algorithms. Different collision avoidance strategies for VTOL-UAVs are presented. Enhancements and miniaturization will offer more powerful sensor technologies regarding size, range, and power in the future. Very promising are improvements of sensor modules and new technologies like three-dimensional LASER range-finder, PMD sensors, RADAR range-rmnder, and stereo camera tracking system. Because of the general high level simulation tool introduced herein they can he easily validated and tested without the need and effort of a real hardware implementation. The results showed that adaptive path planning, including collision avoidance, is already applicable on-board small UAV vehicles. With the mentioned new sensor technologies and more calculation power, further improvements like advanced collision notice and global path planning on-board small UAVs are attainable. 相似文献
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基于能量优化的无人机机动能够使无人机在不失去决定性位置优势的情况下获取相对于对手的能量优势,足够的能量优势可转换为有效的位置优势,有利于无人机在空战中随时改出当前机动并投入下一机动动作,对于无人机获取空战胜利至关重要。开展了基于能量优化的无人机机动轨迹生成方法研究,通过在无人机机动飞行包线内设计合适的机动指令,使得无人机能量性能指标最优。以上升转弯机动为例进行了机动轨迹生成的详细设计,并与常规上升转弯机动轨迹生成结果进行对比,仿真结果显示所设计的机动动作完成时间缩短了28.6%~83.8%,总能量变化减少了64.7%~70.1%,实现了无人机机动飞行的能量优化。 相似文献
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《中国航空学报》2020,33(3):1037-1056
The paper proposes a Virtual Target Guidance (VTG)-based distributed Model Predictive Control (MPC) scheme for formation control of multiple Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs). First, a framework of distributed MPC scheme is designed in which each UAV only shares the information with its neighbors, and the obtained local Finite-Horizon Optimal Control Problem (FHOCP) can be solved by swarm intelligent optimization algorithm. Then, a VTG approach is developed and integrated into the distributed MPC scheme to achieve trajectory tracking and obstacle avoidance. Further, an event-triggered mechanism is proposed to reduce the computational burden for UAV formation control, which takes into consideration the predictive state errors as well as the convergence of cost function. Numerical simulations show that the proposed VTG-based distributed MPC scheme is more computationally efficient to achieve formation control of multiple UAVs in comparison with the traditional distributed MPC method. 相似文献
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队形重构是集群无人机(UAV)控制的重要问题,指无人机按照要求安全、无碰撞地从一个队形变换到另一个队形,其难点在于快速规划最优安全轨迹并控制无人机进行轨迹姿态的高精度跟踪。针对集群无人机队形重构的上述问题,首先,基于CAPT(Concurrent Assignment and Planning of Trajectories)算法,解决了多无人机的目标分配和轨迹生成的实时性问题,实现了集群无人机的最优安全路径规划;其次,提出一种有限时间多变量积分滑模连续控制算法,解决了无人机轨迹姿态的高精度跟踪问题,并通过MATLAB仿真验证了该控制算法的有效性;最后,为了更加真实直观地演示无人机三维仿真效果,建立了基于Gazebo-ROS的无人机仿真平台,实现了12架四旋翼无人机队形重构"建模-仿真-可视化"的一体化仿真演示,验证了上述路径规划算法和轨迹姿态控制算法的有效性。 相似文献
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对地面目标的自动跟踪是无人机在任务应用阶段需要解决的重要问题之一,多无人机协同跟踪能够提高对目标运动状态的估计精度并降低目标丢失的概率,因而具有重要研究意义。本文提出了一种基于Leader-Follower编队的无人机协同跟踪制导方法,解决了传统Standoff跟踪模式对地面目标的速度范围限制问题。首先,通过控制无人机的航向不断趋近于地面目标牵连跟踪圆切线方向的方法设计了Leader无人机自动跟踪地面目标的制导律并完成了稳定性证明;其次,通过控制Follower无人机的速度和航向角逐渐趋近于Leader无人机速度和航向的协同跟踪策略,分别设计了Follower无人机自动跟踪Leader无人机的制导律和编队相位协同制导律并完成了稳定性证明;最后,分别针对静止目标、匀速直线运动目标和变速运动目标的跟踪问题进行了仿真验证,结果表明所提出的制导方法能够实现对不同运动状态地面目标的自动协同跟踪,并且跟踪性能优于基于李雅普诺夫向量法的制导方法。 相似文献
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《Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine, IEEE》2009,24(1):5-17
This addresses topics concerning the development of future Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV) so they can operate safely within the community of the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) and the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO). Studies by the Defense Science Board, the Office of Science and Technology, Government Accountability Office, and the Congressional Research Service Library of Congress have all emphasized that soon there will be a significant number of UAVs operating side-by-side with manned civil aircraft in the FAA's National Airspace System (NAS). It is anticipated that future UAVs will perform many of the dull, dirty, and dangerous civilian missions. In 2006, about 600 UAVs were manufactured in the US alone. Therefore, there is an urgent need for developers of UAVs to understand safety certification for operations in the NAS, and that safety certification starts with safety requirements, safety design, safe development processes, safety verification, and safe operating procedures in the planned operational environment. 相似文献
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针对无人机(UAV)通信网络中频谱资源紧缺的问题,构建基于认知无线电的多无人机通信网络,通过多机协作频谱感知有效探索授权频谱。提出一种基于Bisection算法的迭代算法,通过联合优化感知时间和判决门限对构建的复杂非凸问题求解,显著提高了无人机次级认知网络的能量效率(EE)。分析了无人机飞行过程中能效的变化情况,仿真结果表明,存在最优感知时间使能效获得最大值,且判决门限的选择会影响该能效最优值;提出的高能效迭代算法具有较好收敛性,有效提高了认知无人机网络的能量利用率。 相似文献