飞机钛合金构件热损伤检测试验

为准确检测和修理飞机钛合金构件的热损伤,选用TA4、TC9进行热损伤模拟试验,对材料在不同温度下的力学性能、电导率与加热温度的关系进行了分析。结果表明,TA4、TC9的强度、硬度和电导率随温度的上升呈单调变化趋势;硬度和电导率均可作为钛合金热损伤的检测参数。     

应用涡流电导率检测技术评定铝合金的热损伤

综述了铝合金产品在现代航空工业中的重要作用,举例说明了涡流电导率检测技术在评定铝合金热损伤方面的潜在用途,指出这种检测方法是今后铝合金质量控制的有效手段,特别是在飞机结构件烧伤的检测中有独特的优越性。     

飞机结构烧伤后的检查与修理

以某型飞机结构烧伤的修理为例,阐述了铝合金材料在不同受火温度下各项性能的变化、烧伤区域的划分、具体的检测方法,以及飞机结构烧伤后的修理措施。     

某型直升机静电起火受影响铝合金蒙皮热损伤检测评估

针对某型直升机静电起火受影响铝合金蒙皮,采用涡流电导率测试法、维氏硬度测试法及金相检测法对其热损伤进行检测和分析评定。     

飞机服役环境当量加速腐蚀折算方法研究

文中依据飞机服役机场地面环境谱与腐蚀损伤等当量原则,建立了环境加速腐蚀当量折算关系,给出了飞机结构主要高强度铝合金材料的当量折算系数α及HR-α、T-α曲线。依据建立的当量折算关系编制的加速环境谱,对飞机铝合金构件进行加速腐蚀试验研究,得到了温度(T)、相对湿度(RH)对环境当量折算系数的影响规律,为飞机结构防腐控制及日历寿命研究提供了工程技术依据。     

现役飞机铝合金型材的腐蚀分析及防护

对现役飞机结构中铝合金型材腐蚀特点和腐蚀机理进行了分析研究。结合实际维修工作中的经验，提出了飞机结构主体材料铝合金腐蚀损伤部位的修理方法及防腐蚀控制措施。高强度的铝合金是航空工业中使用比 较多的一种材料，主要用来制造飞机结构的承力构件，如飞机的机翼大梁缘条、口盖边框、机身或机翼上的长桁等。由于一些机型受恶劣使用环境的影响，在我国南方一些地区及沿海城市服役的飞机都不同程度地出现了腐蚀现象。如某型水上飞机的翼梁上、下缘条；某型飞机的翼梁腹板、平尾、机翼长桁、梁的缘条、平尾梁缘条等，这些用铝合金材料制…     

不同损伤尺寸铝合金结构疲劳寿命分散性研究

飞机损伤结构疲劳寿命分散系数是分析损伤结构疲劳寿命分散程度的重要参数。针对飞机常用铝合金材料，开展预置损伤试验件疲劳测试。采用相关系数比较法，判断损伤结构剩余疲劳寿命分布类型；通过断口观察和数据统计处理，分析损伤与疲劳寿命关系及含损伤结构剩余疲劳寿命分散性规律。结果表明：含损伤结构剩余疲劳寿命更加符合威布尔分布；含预置损伤结构较未预置损伤结构疲劳寿命下降明显，随预置损伤尺寸增加，结构剩余疲劳寿命逐步降低，剩余疲劳寿命分散性增大，不同初始损伤结构疲劳寿命分散性差异较大。本文研究为建立飞机不同损伤尺寸铝合金结构疲劳寿命分散系数模型提供参考依据。     

基于机电阻抗方法的连接接头螺钉松动损伤识别研究

飞机在飞行过程中,机翼蒙皮的螺钉在反复载荷的作用下会发生松动、甚至脱落损伤,对飞机的飞行安全埋下隐患。及时发现此类损伤并采取有效措施可以提高飞机的安全性。针对此类损伤,设计了硬铝合金板连接接头的螺钉松动损伤模式,应用机电阻抗的试验方法对其进行了识别研究。试验结果表明：当选择恰当的频率范围时,随着螺钉松动损伤程度的增加,压电片与结构组成系统的RMSD（Root Mean Square Deviation）指标增加,两者表现出单调函数关系,应用RMSD损伤指标可以识别螺钉松动损伤程度,且对小的损伤更加敏感。     

纳秒激光脉冲宽度对2024铝合金损伤特性的影响

飞机激光除漆对2024铝合金蒙皮可能造成潜在的损伤,需探究激光参数变化对基体材料表面的作用规律,其中脉冲宽度对激光-材料作用与材料损伤特性具有重要影响。本文采用COMSOL Multiphysics软件模拟分析了不同脉冲宽度时激光作用铝合金表面的温升特性,并借鉴ISO 11254 1-on-1激光损伤阈值测试方法研究了脉冲宽度对铝合金损伤阈值的影响,进一步分析了不同脉冲宽度下的烧蚀凹坑微观形貌、直径与深度变化规律。结果表明：铝合金表面峰值温度随脉冲宽度增加而降低;脉冲宽度从150 ns增加到240和330 ns时,铝合金损伤阈值从9.96 J/cm²分别增加到11.24和12.66 J/cm²,当激光能量密度达到损伤阈值时,3μm厚氧化膜被完全损伤,破坏了铝合金表面完整性;烧蚀凹坑直径和深度随脉冲宽度增加而增加,深度受影响程度更大。该研究可为激光与材料作用的脉冲宽度选择提供一定的参考。     

钛合金航空结构件的高效数控加工

随着人们对现代飞机性能要求的提高,钛合金以其比强度高、机械性能好和耐腐蚀性能强等特点在现代飞机上的应用也越来越广泛,尤其是在高性能战斗机中,铝合金所占的比例已高达到40%.图1所示是美军从20世纪70年代设计的眼镜蛇战机到现在的猛禽战机的主要材料比例变化情况.     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.     

Preparation of Highly Dispersed Antimony-doped Tin Oxide Nano-powder via Ion-exchange Hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 and Azeotropic Drying

Antimony-doped tin hydroxide colloid precipitates have been synthesized by hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 using: (1) an ion-exchange hydrolysis to remove chlorine ions, and (2) isoamyl acetate as an azeotropic solvent to obviate water. The obtained dried powder is of high dispersivity without any need for further grinding. The size and dispersivity of the final particles are investigated with the aid of TG-DTA, BET, XRD and TEM. After having calcined, the antimony-doped tin oxide nanopowder possesses a tetragonal rutile structure with high dispersivity, uniform particles and low hard agglomeration.     

Effects of Mo on the Microstructure and Hydrogen Sorption Properties of Ti-Mo Getters

The effects of Mo on the microstructure evolution, porosity and hydrogen sorption properties of Ti-Mo getters are investigated in this work. The results show that the addition of Mo prolongs the densification process of Ti-Mo getters and results in a significant amount of sintered pores. With the Mo content increasing, the porosity of getters firstly increases reaching the maximum value as it at- tains about 7.5wt.%, and then drops. At the room temperature, the hydrogen sorption property of getters increases progressively with the Mo content increasing, but the tendency is not very clear before its content lies below 2.5wt.%. When the Mo content achieves about 7.5wt.%, the hydrogen sorption property proves to be the best. The discussion is made about the above mentioned phenomena inclusive of hydrogen sorption properties of getters under different activation conditions (from 500-750 ℃).     

超声速燃烧数值模拟中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型

高精度数值模拟有助于理解超声速湍流燃烧中湍流与化学反应的相互作用,可为发动机燃烧室等工程应用设计提供可靠的预测模型。除直接数值模拟外,目前在湍流燃烧应用中使用的大涡模拟和雷诺平均Navier-Stokes模拟均需要借助模型模化发生在湍流小尺度上的流动与化学反应过程对湍流大尺度运动的影响。现有的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型大致可分为:火焰面类模型和概率密度函数类模型,2类模型在不同的应用中各自具有优势和局限性。此外,现有模型大都基于低马赫数燃烧,而超声速燃烧中通常会伴随快速混合、局部熄火和再着火以及激波等复杂过程,这为发展其中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型提出了更多的挑战。     

适于低轨卫星IP网络的单核共享树组播算法(英文)

为了解决低轨卫星IP网络中现有典型源组播算法的信道资源浪费问题,本文提出了一套单核共享树组播算法,即核心群合并共享树(CCST)和加权核心群合并共享树(w-CCST)算法。CCST 算法包括动态近似中心(DAC)选核方法和核心群合并组播路径构建方法。DAC方法专为周期、规律运动的低轨卫星网络提出,不需要复杂的星上计算。在核心群合并方法中,以核节点作为初始核心群,通过核心群和剩余组成员的最短路径方法逐步扩展直至整棵组播树构建完成,从而使得组播树的树代价最小,大大提高了网络的带宽利用率和组播传输效率。w-CCST 算法中所提出的加权因子可以调整树代价和端到端传播时延之间的折衷程度,因此,可以通过调整加权因子来适度增大树代价、降低端到端传播时延以支持某些端到端时延要求苛刻的实时组播业务。最后,与低轨卫星 IP 网络中典型算法进行了性能比较,仿真结果说明,CCST 算法的平均树代价比其它算法显著降低,w-CCST 算法的平均端到端传播时延小于 CCST 算法。     

Jet Vectoring Control Using a Novel Synthetic Jet Actuator

A primary air jet vectoring control system with a novel synthetic jet actuator (SJA) is presented and simulated numerically. The results show that, in comparison with an existing traditional synthetic jet actuator, which is able to perform the duty of either “push” or “pull”, one novel synthetic jet actuator can fulfill both “push” and “pull” functions to vector the primary jet by shifting a slide block inside it. Therefore, because the new actuator possesses greater efficiency, it has potentiality to replace the existing one in various appli- cations, such as thrust vectoring and the reduction of thermal signature. Moreover, as the novel actuator can fulfill those functions that the existing one can not, it may well be expected to popularize it into more flow control systems.     

Nonlinear Adaptive Slewing Motion Control of Spacecraft Truss Driven by Synchronous V-gimbaled CMG Precession

The slewing motion control of a truss arm driven by a V-gimbaled control-moment-gyro (CMG) is a nonlinear control problem. The V-gimbaled CMG consists of a pair of gyros that must precess synchronously. The moment of inertia of the system, the angular momentum of the gyros and the external disturbances are not exactly known. With the help of feedback linearization and recursive Lyapunov design method, an adaptive nonlinear controller is designed to deal with the unknown items. Performance of the proposed controller is verified by simulation.     

An SOR Implicit Time-accurate Scheme in Calculating Unsteady Flows

A new time-accurate marching scheme for unsteady flow calculations is proposed in the present work. This method is the combination of classical Successive Over-Relaxation (SOR) iteration method and Jacobian matrix diagonally dominant splitting method of LUSGS. One advantage of this algorithm is the second-order accuracy because of no factorization error. Another advantage is the low computational cost because the Jacobian matrices and fluxes are only calculated once in each physical time step. And, the SOR algorithm has better convergence property than Gauss-Seidel. To investigate its accuracy and convergency, several unsteady flow computa- tional tests are carried out by using the proposed SOR algorithm. Roe’s FDS scheme is used to discritize the inviscid flux terms. Un- steady computational results of SOR are compared with the experiment results and those of Gauss-Seidel. Results reveal that the numerical results agree well with the experimental data and the second-order accuracy can be obtained as the Gauss-Seidel for unsteady flow computations. The impact of SOR factor is investigated for unsteady computations by using different SOR factors in this algorithm to simulate each computational test. Different numbers of inner iterations are needed to converge to the same criterion for different SOR factors and optimal choice of SOR factor can improve the computational efficiency greatly.