肼推进剂废气处理系统设计

为吸收某型号发动机地面试验尾气中所含的肼和氨气,设计了肼推进剂废气处理系统,处理后的气体达到可排入大气的标准。文章介绍了肼分解废气处理的7种常用方法,经比较选择使用处理液喷淋的方法。废气处理系统实际达到的技术参数为:对空自运行流量944 Nm~3/h;发动机试车状态下经过处理的废气中肼含量0.001 2 mg/m~3,氨含量为0.032 6~0.057 mg/m~3(厂界值,共检测4点)。检测结果大大优于国家相关标准要求。经过数十次发动机地面试验的实践证明,系统能够满足用户使用要求,并且操作简便、运行可靠、免于维护。     

喷漆有机废气治理方法和选择与应用

喷漆是产品防腐与装饰标志所必须的工种。而喷漆时产生的漆雾和散发到空气中的饱和溶剂气体如果没有得到净化处理，会造成空气污染，影响大气环境质量与人体健康。采用吸附净化法，对喷漆时产生的有机废气进行净化治理取得了经济效益和环境效益。     

喷漆有机废气治理方法的选择与应用

喷漆是产品防腐与装饰标志所必须的工种。而喷漆时产生的漆雾和散发到空气中的饱和的溶剂气体如果没有得到净化处理，会造成空气污染，影响大气环境质量与人体健康。采用吸附净化法，对喷漆时产生的有机废气进行净化治理取得了的经济效益和环境效益。     

金属基复合材料制造方法荟萃

金属基复合材料的传统制造方法主要有加压铸造法、热压法和粉末法。根据纤维长短、金属基体的熔点高低以及纤维与基体金属适应性好坏等因素加以选择应用。由于传统方法各有不足之处，经过多年的研究与开发，最近推出了几种新的制造方法。     

金属表面处理特殊过程确认

产品各区域的金属表面处理过程因素有差异，各区域的膜层性能有差异，一批产品的表面过程因素必须被控制在一定的范围内，才能保证膜层性能的一致性．这是抽检的膜层性能代表其余膜层性能的前提条件。抽检的组批原则。金属表面处理全部过程因素及其允许波动范围，测控方法等的确认是金属表面处理特殊过程确认的主要内容。     

航天推进剂废气废液燃烧处理实验

针对航天生产试验现场有毒推进剂废气废液的无害化处理,设计了一种火箭煤油/空气燃烧处理装置,通过富燃/富氧高温燃气处理硝基类氧化剂/肼类燃料的废气废液。基于该燃烧处理装置,分别进行了燃烧器性能调试以及N_2O_4与甲基肼的废气与废液处理实验。实验结果表明,燃烧装置在两种基本工作模态下,燃气温度小于1 200℃,燃烧高效、稳定;N_2O_4在处理流量0～20 g/s时,排放物中NO_x浓度最高为25 ppm,燃气温度小于1 200℃;在甲基肼处理流量6 g/s时,排放物中VOC浓度小于0.05 ppm,NO_x浓度小于2.0 ppm,其中燃气最高温度随甲基肼流量增加不断增大,最高达1 300℃。该燃烧处理装置可实现对有毒航天推进剂高效、彻底的处理,废气排放符合相关标准要求。     

UPF融合处理GPS载波相位及雷达测距数据的方法

针对GPS载波相位以及雷达测距方程的非线性,采用UPF法融合处理载波相位及雷达测距数据,获得高精度的目标飞行轨道参数,克服了测量GPS卫星较少时不能定位等缺点。仿真结果表明,采用UPF法融合处理GPS载波相位及雷达测距数据,能稳健地确定飞行目标的三维坐标分量及三维速度分量,对比EKF等融合方法其定位精度有了很大提高,可以应用在飞行器跟踪测量的数据融合处理中。     

捆绑火箭模态的传递矩阵全耦合算法

本文发展了适用于捆绑火箭的各向耦合自由振动的传递矩阵法，并对捆绑结构的处理难点－捆绑边界条件的处理给出了理论的说明，因而本方法是适用于各种捆绑结构振动模态分析的通用方法，对捆绑火箭１／１０比例模型进行计。算比较表明，传递矩阵法是适合于捆绑结构模态计算的方法。     

样条函数康托诺维奇法在复合材料板和圆柱曲板弯曲中的应用

样条函数康托诺维奇法是最新提出的一种数值型(或离散型)的康托诺维奇法。它既能化二维问题为一维问题,同时又具有样条函数法收敛快精度高,处理边界条件方便及平板曲板问题通用等优点。本文在板、壳勒夫——柯希霍夫假设的基础上,推导出金属、复合材料板、壳弯曲问题的基本公式。大量数值计算从各方面证明了本方法具有良好的使用性能。     

船摇数据实时处理的一种新方法

对船摇数据建立了一个时间序列自回归实时处理模型，在该模型的基础上，对船摇数据进行实时滤波及预报。经过大量实测数据及仿真数据的计算，从均方根差、均方根偏差、残差相关性、预报误差等多个方面研究了该方法的处理效果。计算结果表明该方法具有计算速度快、滤波及预报精度高等优点；将该方法与指数递推滤波＋极大似然预报法进行比较，前者明显优于后者。     

肼类燃料蒸汽污染控制技术

针对肼类燃料在使用中产生的蒸汽会对大气造成污染这一问题 ,介绍了肼类推进剂气体污染控制方法。这些方法主要有洗涤吸收法、气体扩散法、焚烧法、活性炭吸附法、催化法、喷雾法、冷却法、泡沫覆盖法、固体粉末消污法等。论述了国内外肼类气体污染控制的各种技术 ,并对各种技术特点进行了对比与分析     

火箭推进剂废液处理技术

针对双元液体火箭推进剂———红烟硝酸和混胺在使用过程中产生的废液 ,提出了用中和方法处理红烟硝酸废液 ,用再生法或氧化法处理混胺废液。原理简单 ,操作方便 ,具有较好的应用价值。     

陶瓷基分子吸附器的航天器污染控制性能试验研究

为验证陶瓷基分子吸附器利用多孔材料的吸附性能降低航天器一定区域内污染水平的能力,试验研究真空环境中13X分子筛材料的分子污染物吸/脱附特性,以及以13X分子筛为吸附剂的陶瓷基分子吸附器对航天器用电缆放气产物的吸附性能。试验结果表明:13X分子筛可以有效捕获污染物分子,陶瓷基分子吸附器的吸附能力在3.1×10-2～3.4×10-2 g/cm2之间。陶瓷基分子吸附器可以应用于航天器热真空试验和在轨运行时的污染控制,有利于延长航天器寿命、提高航天器可靠性。     

沸石分子筛对航天器分子污染物的吸附性能研究

针对空间环境中有机污染物沉积在航天器敏感部件上造成相关功能失效问题,提出一种利用沸石分子筛多孔结构在轨清除有机污染物的新方法。研究了真空环境中,Naβ、NaY、13X三种分子筛对某型号电缆真空放气产物的吸附能力,结果表明13X的吸附能力优于其它两种分子筛,饱和吸收率为14.03%。将其作为分子吸附器的吸附材料应用到航天器易污染的部位,将会有效控制航天器在轨运行的污染水平,提高可靠性。     

Interaction of tryptophan and phenylalanine with metal ferrocyanides and its relevance in chemical evolution

The interaction of two naturally occurring aromatic alpha-amino acids, namely, tryptophan and phenylalanine, with zinc, nickel, cobalt, and copper ferrocyanides has been studied. Both amino acids showed a high adsorption affinity toward metal ferrocyanides at neutral pH (7.0). Adsorption trends followed the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. Values of the Langmuir constants K(L) and X(m) suggest tryptophan is a better adsorbate than phenylalanine. Zinc ferrocyanide showed the highest adsorption, while the minimum adsorption was found in the case of copper ferrocyanide. Infrared spectral studies of adsorbate, adsorbent, and adsorption adducts indicate that adsorption occurs because of the interaction of adsorbate molecules with outer divalent metal ions present in the lattice of metal ferrocyanides. The present investigation supports the hypothesis that metal ferrocyanides might have concentrated the biomonomers on their surface in primeval seas during the course of chemical evolution.     

Analysis of volatile lunar compounds: The study of gas retention time on Carbosieve SIII adsorbent with respect to temperature

This work presents the study of the characteristic retention times on Carbosieve SIII adsorbent for several permanent gases CO₂, CO, CH₄, N₂ with respect to the temperature of cooling of adsorption accumulators. To perform this work, a laboratory model of a gas chromatograph that included all key components of a standard instrument has been designed.     

Mineralization of wastes of human vital activity and plants to be used in a Life Support System

Available methods for mineralizing wastes of human activity and inedible biomass of plants used in this country and abroad are divided into two types: dry mineralization at high temperatures up to 1270 K with subsequent partial dissolution of the ash and the other--wet oxidation by acids. In this case mineralization is performed at a temperature of 470-460 K and a pressure of 220-270 atmospheres in pure oxygen with the output of mineral solution and dissoluble sediments in the form of scale. The drawback of the first method is the formation of dioxins, CO, SO2, NO2 and other toxic compounds. The latter method is too sophisticated and is presently confined to bench testing. The here proposed method to mineralize the wastes is in mid-position between the thermal and physical chemical methods. At a temperature of 80-90 degrees C the mixture was exposed to a controlled electromagnetic field at normal atmospheric pressure. The method merits simplicity, reliability, produces no dissoluble sediment or emissions noxious for human and plants. The basic difference from the above said methods is to employ as an oxidizer atomic oxygen, its active forms including OH-radicals with hydrogen peroxide as the source. Hydrogen peroxide can be produced with electric power from water inside the Life Support System (LSS).     

Estimate of the NO concentration in the auroral region based on emission intensities of 391.4, 557.7, and 630.0 nm

Using numerical modeling, the influence of the NO concentration on the intensity of 557.7 nm emission in aurora caused by electron precipitation has been studied. It has been shown that the O₂ ⁺ NO reaction, which reduces the contribution of the dissociative recombination of the O₂ ⁺ ion into the formation of the ¹S state of atomic oxygen, is the main channel of suppression of the intensity of the emission at 557.7 nm. A method of estimating the NO concentration in the aurora based on the data of photometric measurements of emissions at 391.4, 557.7, and 630.0 nm has been proposed. The method has been tested using the data of simultaneous rocket measurements of emissions at 391.4, 557.7, and 630.0 nm and the NO content in aurora. A good agreement of estimates of the NO concentrations performed by the method to the results of direct measurements has been obtained.     

隐身等离子体的几个相关问题研究

在目标的雷达隐身方面,等离子体具有巨大的应用潜力。对隐身应用时产生等离子体的气压、放电气体种类以及放电方式进行了论述。指出在大气压下,适宜利用惰性气体放电来产生等离子体。而目前许多文献中所报道的隐身等离子体的产生方法离工程应用还有一定距离,还有许多问题亟待解决。