Two CFAR algorithms for interfering targets and nonhomogeneousclutter

The greatest-of-order statistics estimator (GOOSE) constant false alarm rate (CFAR) and the censored greatest-of (CGO) CFAR are described. Both are designed to accommodate interfering targets in the reference window as well as control false alarms in the presence of clutter boundaries. Both succeed in accomplishing these tasks although the CGO-CFAR is preferred as it has a designed graceful degradation as the number of interfering targets exceeds the number of samples censored. The advantage of the GOOSE-CFAR is a theoretical one in that one can derive analytical results for clutter boundary analysis and thus not have to resort to simulations     

A Clutter Reduction Technique for Random Signal Radars

The performance of certain radars is degraded in environments with significant clutter returns, and since the clutter is signal-generated, increasing the transmitted power does not improve the situation. However, changing the pulse width and pulse period of the transmitted signal can increase the input signal-to-interference ratio. In this correspondence, the transmitted signal is made up of pulses of random waveforms and the receiver is a correlator where the reference signal extends over many pulses. An expression for input signal-to-interference ratio as a function of pulse width and period is obtained for the case of a distributed target. This expression could be maximized by any of several methods, but to further elucidate the clutter reduction technique, contour plots of the input signal-to-interference ratio are presented.     

A Detection Algorithm for Optical Targets in Clutter

There is active interest in the development of algorithms for detecting weak stationary optical and IR targets in a heavy opticalclutter background. Often only poor detectability of low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) targets is achieved when the direct correlation method is used. In many cases, this is partly obviated by using detection with correlated reference scenes [1, 2].This paper uses the experimentally justified assumption that most optical clutter can be modeled as a whitened Gaussian randomprocess with a rapidly space-varying mean and a more slowlyvarying covariance [2]. With this assumption, a new constant falsealarm rate (CFAR) detector is developed as an application of the classical generalized maximum likelihood ratio test of Neyman and Pearson. The final CFAR test is a dimensionless ratio. This test exhibits the desirable property that its probability of a false alarm(PFA) is independent of the covariance matrix of the actual noiseencountered. When the underlying noise processes are complex intime, similar considerations can yield a sidelobe canceler CFARdetection criterion for radar and communications. Performance analyses based on the probability of detection (PD)versus signal-to-noise ratio for several given fixed false alarm probabilities are presented. Finally these performance curves are validated by computer simulations of the detection process which use real image data with artificially implanted signals.     

民用飞机客舱智能舷窗系统设计

通过分析现役飞机舷窗系统系统设计,发现该设计已不能满足现代飞机市场竞争需求。为解决上述问题,提出结合采用电致变色技术的智能舷窗系统设计,包括智能舷窗系统的工作原理、结构及系统架构的设计,并与传统舷窗做分析对比。结论证明该设计极大地了增加民用飞机的舒适性、安全性和市场竞争力,是民用飞机舷窗系统的发展趋势。     

A Technique for Improving the Clutter Performance of Coherent Pulse Train Signals

The clutter performance of a radar using coherent pulse train signls depends upon the phase and amplitude weighting used on transmit and receive. This paper describes an iterative technique to determine better weightings. Each iteration improves the signal-to-interference ratio, where the interference is the sum of the mean square noise voltage and the mean square clutter voltage at the time of peak signal. Two examples are presented to illustrate the method and to demonstrate that in many cases the procedure will yield weightings that may be used in a system where the transmitter permits no amplitude weighting.     

一种基于角度-多普勒补偿的均匀圆形

采用均匀圆形相控阵天线的机载雷达杂波分布随距离变化而变化,各距离单元的杂波不再满足独立同分布的条件,造成统计型空时自适应处理(STAP)器性能下降。基于此,本文建立了均匀圆形天线机载雷达模型,对其杂波分布进行了分析,得出了空间角随阵元数非线性变化的特性造成其杂波距离维分布非均匀的结论。研究了一种均匀圆形天线机载雷达杂波抑制方法,该方法先通过修正的角度-多普勒补偿(MADC)预处理消除在杂波谱中心处的非均匀,再利用基于导数更新(DBU)技术进一步减小在其他方位杂波的非均匀程度。仿真结果表明了该方法的有效性。     

采用不同航空煤油反应机理模拟模型燃烧室两相燃烧流场

基于火焰面模型,采用两个不同的航空煤油化学反应机理(Kundu反应机理和亚琛反应机理),对模型燃烧室内三维两相燃烧流场进行了数值模拟,比较了两个反应机理燃烧流场计算结果的异同,并结合充分搅拌反应器模型进行了分析。通过与实验结果的比较,初步考察了两个反应机理模拟实际燃烧室燃烧流场的能力。结果表明:在给定工况条件下(工况1,马赫数0.160,来流温度537 K,总油气比0.004 8,常压;工况2,马赫数0.155,来流温度523 K,总油气比0.0100,常压),两个反应机理均能准确预测模型燃烧室的温度场和CO2排放量;亚琛反应机理在工况1时,可准确预测NO排放量,在工况2时,预测值高于实验值,而Kundu反应机理预测的NO排放量在两个工况下均与实验值差别较大。     

二维非定常欧拉方程的有限元解法

本文通过求解时间相关的欧拉方程，对振荡翼型的非定常二维无粘可压缩绕流作了数值模拟。求解方程时采用了有限体积积分的方法，并用ＶａｎＬｅｅｒ逆风通量分裂格式来计算控制体通量。隐式格式的采用，大大提高了计算效率；同时，通过插值使得空间离散达到了二阶精度。另外，本文采用基于非结构三角形网格的动态网格来处理刚性物体的移动，从而顺利地解决了复杂几何外形物体的非定常绕流的问题。文章最后给出了ＮＡＣＡ００１２翼型绕四分之一弦线作简谐俯仰振动的计算结果。一个周期内的瞬时压强分布以及升力和力矩系数都与实验结果吻合良好，     

罗罗冻结遄达XWB发动机设计

近日空客宣布再次调整遄达XWB发动机的额定功率,这是继2008首次调整之后的第二次更改。至此,遄达XWB的设计和参数彻底冻结,将进入生产、制造和试验阶段。     

航空电子系统通用测试平台的设计

本文采用新一代测控技术,构建了基于PXI总线标准,由信号适配器、矩阵开关、可视化虚拟数据采集系统和通用总线监控系统组成的标准化通用测试平台。同时介绍了ARINC429总线数据按照规则进行解析的方法。其技术思想和方案对于复杂电子设备的通用测试设备的研制具有广泛指导意义。     

一种基于FABmaster的PCB可测试性设计方法研究

针对航空电子系统中PCBA功能电路复杂度不断增加,传统的测试模型和方法难以满足不断发展的测试需求的问题。我们采用了可测试性设计,将测试与设计统一,在初始设计阶段就引入测试要求,提出一种基于FABmaster分析软件的可测试性设计实现方法,实践表明,我们的方法可以将相关模块测试覆盖率提高10%~30%左右,解决了ICT在线测试性的难题。     

一种飞机顶层设计指标最优分配的新方法

探讨了一种新的设计指标最优分配方法--协同分配法,用于处理飞机顶层设计中的大规模设计指标最优分配问题.分析了飞机顶层设计中的设计指标最优分配特征,据此给出了协同法的原理并建立了数学模型.协同法按设计指标分配关系将最优分配问题分解为主系统优化和子系统优化,主优化对子系统设计指标进行最优分配,子优化以最小化分配设计指标值与期望设计指标值之间的差异为目标,进行子系统最优设计,或对底层元件(如飞机翼梁、翼肋和翼盒等)进行设计指标最优分配,并把最优解信息反馈给主优化.主优化通过子优化最优解信息构成的一致性约束协调分配量,提高系统整体性能,并重新给出分配方案.主系统与子系统反复协调,直到得到设计指标最优分配方案.两层可靠度指标分配算例初步验证了本文方法的正确性与可行性,三层可靠度指标分配算例证明了本文方法的有效性.最后,以重量指标分配为例,简要叙述了针对飞机顶层设计中设计指标协同分配的数学模型和求解思路.     

C型机翼局部优化设计研究

以DLR-F4模型为基本外形,利用涡格法以诱导阻力最小为原则,优选出了C型翼翼梢几何参数.采用N-S方程数值求解方法,研究了C型翼布局各部件之间的流动干扰机理.针对机翼与翼梢之间的流动干扰产生局部激波和翼梢水平段产生负升力问题,采用C型翼梢翼型优化配置的方法.仿真结果表明,这一方法较好地克服了上述不利干扰,进一步提高了C型翼的升阻性能.     

Design considerations for a real-time random-noise tracking radar

Random-noise radar has been applied successfully to range measurement, velocity estimation and terrain/target imaging. For applications involving stationary targets, long integration times and process averaging are easily tolerated. In situations where the target or radar platform moves at high speed, the impact of this relative motion on system design should be considered. This work addresses the statistical performance of a generic random-noise radar receiver and examines the inter-relationships between design parameters and performance tradeoffs. Complementing this examination, a random-noise monopulse system is also investigated as a possible architecture for real-time angle estimation. Simulations and numerical illustrations provide the basis of processor design and performance prediction.     

高超声速巡航飞行器气动布局优化软件设计

从总体性能指标角度出发,采用面向对象的编程方法,基于Visual C 开发了高超声速巡航飞行器气动布局优化软件。整个优化软件分为参数化建模模块、面元生成模块、性能指标计算模块、优化算法模块。各模块之间相对独立,通过函数接口实现互联,具有非常好的可维护性、可重用性和可扩展性。该软件实现了对高超声速巡航飞行器的气动力、气动热、隐身性能、操稳性能等总体性能指标进行气动布局多目标的优化,能够满足高超声速巡航飞行器概念研究和初步设计要求。     

Design of a Correlator for Real-Time Video Comparisons

The problem of locating a reference image within a larger image using a correlation technique is discussed. Although the particular application discussed is that of locating a reference image obtained from one video sensor or a photograph, within the larger field of view obtained from a second video sensor in real time (i.e., at the TV field rate), the results are general and useful for a number of applications. The tradeoffs necessary to obtain real time correlat are discussed and their effect on correlation accuracy is given.     

信息服务软件开发设计

本文介绍了一种准网络远程终端结构的设计实现,该结构的系统用于新闻信息发布,情报检索等应用领域,文中详细介绍系统的结构、性能、特征、具体实现方法和关键技术措施。     

Design and implementation for a digital synchronous reluctancedrive

A systematic controller design for a synchronous reluctance drive system is presented. This controller consists of two parts: a forward-loop H^∞ controller to improve the transient response, and a load compensator to reduce the load disturbance. Based on a simplified model of the drive system, a control algorithm has been derived. Detailed analysis of the characteristics of the closed-loop system is presented. The effects of the parameter variations are also studied. A digital signal processor, TMS-320-C30, is used to implement the control algorithm. Both the speed control and the position control of the drive system can be implemented by using the proposed control method. Furthermore, all the control loops are executed by the digital signal processor. The system, as a result, is very flexible. The whole drive system performs well although its hardware is very simple. For speed control, the system can be operated at a speed as low as 1 r/min. For position control, the system can accurately control a one-axis table. In addition, the system also has good position tracking ability. Several experimental waveforms validate the simulated results     

获取可靠的产品设计的经验方法

在产品设计过程中,如何以最低的成本获得可靠的设计通常是设计师最为关心的问题之一。本文简要介绍了洛克希德·马丁公司的 Fulvio总结出以“ F”打头的 4个设计步骤。在设计过程中有意识地贯彻此四个步骤,可以将可靠性经济有效地设计到产品中去。     

固体火箭发动机CAD系统实现

介绍了一种系统固体火箭发动机CAD(SRMCAD)的组成和实现。系统集成多个功能子模块,功能较全。利用本系统可快速构造固体火箭发动机,进行全面的性能计算。系统是一种有效的发动机设计辅助工具。