Radiation protection in space

Radiation environment, basic concepts of radiation protection, and specific aspects of the space radiation field are reviewed. The discussion of physico-chemical and subcellular radiation effects includes mechanisms of radiation action and cellular consequences. The discussion of radiobiological effects includes unique aspects of HZE particle effects, space flight findings, terrestrial findings, analysis of somatic radiation effects and effects on critical organs, and early and delayed effects. Other topics include the impact of the space flight environment, measurement of radiation exposure, establishing radiation protection limits, limitations in establishing space-based radiation exposure limits, radiation protection measures, and recommendations.     

QCM用于检测航天器表面污染的技术研究

文章简要叙述了QCM(石英晶体微量天平)检测技术在航天器表面污染检测中的作用,主要体现在航天器表面、光学仪器和动力系统的污染检测,低地球轨道空间的原子氧检测,并且对QCM检测中使用的关键方法,热解重量分析法和温度效应进行分析。     

CM2程控稳流电源电流稳定性的自动化测试

文章将零磁通电流互感器技术应用到了大电流稳定性测试中,从而解决了CM2航天器磁环境模拟设备中的程控稳流电源输出电流稳定性测试的难题,稳定性指标高达10-5/8h。文章简述了零磁通电流互感器技术的基本原理,介绍了采用零磁通电流互感器技术对CM2程控稳流电源电流稳定性进行自动测试的方法,分析了影响大电流稳定性现场自动测试的因素并提出了相应解决方案。     

Numerical simulation of external and internal gasdynamic problems

The application of numerical techniques for the solution of various external and internal inviscid gaseous flowfields is considered. The construction of numerical codes is discussed. This discussion includes the comparison of explicit and implicit finite-difference schemes, the examination of possibilities of the shock-capturing techniques and the consideration of nonregular nets. Also the order of the finite-difference approximation is analysed. The effectiveness of these principles is demonstrated for various flowfield simulations.     

载人航天器人-机界面宜人设计方法的研究

根据载人航天器人－机界面宜人设计的必要性，详细论述了人－机界面的发展趋势和未来的研究方向，在此基础上，提出宜人设计的具体措施，最后，形成几点看法以供讨论。     

Radiation transport modeling and assessment to better predict radiation exposure, dose, and toxicological effects to human organs on long duration space flights.

NASA is very interested in improving its ability to monitor and forecast the radiation levels that pose a health risk to space-walking astronauts as they construct the International Space Station and astronauts that will participate in long-term and deep-space missions. Human exploratory missions to the moon and Mars within the next quarter century, will expose crews to transient radiation from solar particle events which include high-energy galactic cosmic rays and high-energy protons. Because the radiation levels in space are high and solar activity is presently unpredictable, adequate shielding is needed to minimize the deleterious health effects of exposure to radiation. Today, numerous models have been developed and used to predict radiation exposure. Such a model is the Space Environment Information Systems (SPENVIS) modeling program, developed by the Belgian Institute for Space Aeronautics. SPENVIS, which has been assessed to be an excellent tool in characterizing the radiation environment for microelectronics and investigating orbital debris, is being evaluated for its usefulness with determining the dose and dose-equivalent for human exposure. Thus far. the calculations for dose-depth relations under varying shielding conditions have been in agreement with calculations done using HZETRN and PDOSE, which are well-known and widely used models for characterizing the environments for human exploratory missions. There is disagreement when assessing the impact of secondary radiation particles since SPENVIS does a crude estimation of the secondary radiation particles when calculating LET versus Flux. SPENVIS was used to model dose-depth relations for the blood-forming organs. Radiation sickness and cancer are life-threatening consequences resulting from radiation exposure. In space. exposure to radiation generally includes all of the critical organs. Biological and toxicological impacts have been included for discussion along with alternative risk mitigation methods--shielding and anti-carcinogens.     

Technology considerations relevant to an exobiology surface-science approach for Europa

If Europa is to be of primary exobiological interest, namely, as a habitat for extant life, it is obvious that (a) a hydrosphere must prevail beneath the cryosphere for a long time, (b) internal energy sources must be present in a sufficient state of activity, and (c) a reasonable technical means must be available for assessing if indeed life does exist in the hypothesized hydrosphere. This discussion focuses on the last point, namely, technological issues, because the trend of the compounding evidence about Europa indicates that the first two points are likely to be true. First, we present a consideration of time-of-flight mass spectroscopy conducted in situ on the cryosphere surface of Europa during a first landed robotic mission. We assert that this is a reasonable technical means not only for exploring the composition of the cryosphere itself, but also for locating any biomolecular indicators of extant life brought to the surface through cryosphere activity. Secondly, this work also addresses practical issues inherent in any kind of instrumental interrogation of a surface whose properties are governed by radiation chemistry. This includes advocating the construction of a Europan surface simulator to familiarize instrumental system developers with the spacecraft- and instrument-scale conditions under which such an interrogation would take place on Europa. Such a simulator is mandatory in certification of the functional utility of a flight instrument.     

The DISC Quotient

D.I.S.C: Decipherment Impact of a Signal's Content.The authors present a numerical method to characterise the significance of the receipt of a complex and potentially decipherable signal from extraterrestrial intelligence (ETI). The purpose of the scale is to facilitate the public communication of work on any such claimed signal, as such work proceeds, and to assist in its discussion and interpretation.Building on a “position” paper rationale, this paper looks at the DISC quotient proposed and develops the algorithmic steps and comprising measures that form this post detection strategy for information dissemination, based on prior work on message detection, decipherment. As argued, we require a robust and incremental strategy, to disseminate timely, accurate and meaningful information, to the scientific community and the general public, in the event we receive an “alien” signal that displays decipherable information. This post-detection strategy is to serve as a stepwise algorithm for a logical approach to information extraction and a vehicle for sequential information dissemination, to manage societal impact.The “DISC Quotient”, which is based on signal analysis processing stages, includes factors based on the signal's data quantity, structure, affinity to known human languages, and likely decipherment times. Comparisons with human and other phenomena are included as a guide to assessing likely societal impact. It is submitted that the development, refinement and implementation of DISC as an integral strategy, during the complex processes involved in post detection and decipherment, is essential if we wish to minimize disruption and optimize dissemination.     

CBERS-1卫星CCD相机的光学拼接、配准和定焦

文章介绍了CBERS -1卫星的CCD相机的光学拼接、配准和定焦技术 ,它们是获得高清晰度图像的关键技术。     

创新电子技术课程教学方法 努力培养学员能力素质

教学改革重要内容之一,是教学方法的改革。对电子技术课程的教学改革,注重了教学方法的改革,把问题式、案例式、讨论式、指导式等教学法应用于军事电子技术课程的教学中,对于提高教学质量、培养学员能力素质起到了很好的促进作用。     

创新电子技术课程教学方法 努力培养学员能力素质

教学改革重要内容之一,是教学方法的改革。对电子技术课程的教学改革,注重了教学方法的改革,把问题式、案例式、讨论式、指导式等教学法应用于军事电子技术课程的教学中,对于提高教学质量、培养学员能力素质起到了很好的促进作用。     

对信息战中赛博空间与赛博战的解析

针对信息对抗领域中高频度出现的“赛博空间”这一新名词,进行了词源考证。同时结合美军公布的赛博司令部战略构想,详尽解析了信息对抗中的赛博空间与赛博战的含义,分析了赛博战与传统电子战、计算机网络战之间的区别与联系,以及在网络中心战中所发挥的重要作用。这对于信息对抗新概念的理解,以及对信息战新技术的探讨具有一定的参考意义。     

CBERS-1卫星星载太阳定标器的研制

文章介绍了CBERS_1卫星IRMSS太阳定标器的主要技术指标要求和工作原理 ,并阐述太阳定标器的设计 ,包括光学设计、机械设计和电学设计等。     

空天飞行器与信息对抗

空天飞行器是航空航天领域新的发展热点,是航空航天技术和航空航天军事竞争的最新阶段。简要介绍了空天飞行器的发展并对其在军事领域的应用进行了探讨,归纳了当前空天战场中的信息对抗模式,分析了空天飞行器在未来空天战场中承担的角色和在信息对抗领域中可以起到的独特作用。     

PSK转换法产生直序扩频MSK信号研究

通过 PSK转换法产生 MSK信号的数学模型的进一步推导和计算机仿真 ,研究了不同长度的扩频码对延时相干解调扩频 MSK信号的影响。然后进行了 PSK转换法产生扩频 MSK信号的系统实验     

临近空间飞艇运行环境及其影响

叙述了运行在20km以上临近空间的飞艇要经历的对流层和平流层的环境特点,对压力、密度、温度、太阳辐射、臭氧、水蒸气、高能粒子及大气污染物这些大气环境进行了分析,并提出了环境控制需要注意的几个问题,为临近空间飞艇的设计提供了参考。     

对遥控系统误指令概率计算近似公式的推敲

在关于遥控指令错误概率的讨论中 ,提出了一些误指令概率近似计算公式 ,文中对此做了进一步的推敲 ,在概念上作了清理 ,分析它们各自可能产生误差的原因 ,并用实例比较它们的大小。最后也提出一种近似计算公式建议     

对相控阵雷达的旁瓣欺骗干扰

提出了对相控阵雷达实施旁瓣干扰的方法，用此种方法可产生方位欺骗或方位多目标干扰。详细讨论了方位欺骗干扰系统的参数设计问题，最后对干扰样式进行讨论。