Generic functional modelling of multi-pulse auto-transformer rectifier units for more-electric aircraft applications

The Auto-Transformer Rectifier Unit (ATRU) is one preferred solution for high-power AC/DC power conversion in aircraft. This is mainly due to its simple structure, high reliability and reduced kVA ratings. Indeed, the ATRU has become a preferred AC/DC solution to supply power to the electric environment control system on-board future aircraft. In this paper, a general modelling method for ATRUs is introduced. The developed model is based on the fact that the DC voltage and current are strongly related to the voltage and current vectors at the AC terminals of ATRUs. In this paper, we carry on our research in modelling symmetric 18-pulse ATRUs and develop a generic modelling technique. The developed generic model can study not only symmetric but also asymmetric ATRUs. An 18-pulse asymmetric ATRU is used to demonstrate the accuracy and efficiency of the developed model by comparing with corresponding detailed switching SABER models provided by our industrial partner. The functional models also allow accelerated and accurate simulations and thus enable whole-scale more-electric aircraft electrical power system studies in the future.     

复杂任务场景无人机集群自组织侦察建模与仿真

基于agent的作战建模与仿真是无人机集群侦察效能评估的重要方法,但以往方法中agent行为机制 和模型结构难以描述复杂任务场景下的自组织侦察行为。以反海盗侦察任务为例,提出一种面向集群自组织 侦察的作战建模与仿真方法。设计多agent分层复合行为机制和可组合模块化agent模型结构,通过简单行为 的组合描述复杂行为;通过信息素图模块与航路管理模块的交互,实现自组织航路规划与飞行控制;并通过仿 真算例,来验证方法的可行性,对比分析不同航路规划方法的侦察效能。结果表明:自组织航路规划对中断航 路侦察的动态事件的适应性更强;对于大区域、长时间、低目标密度的区域覆盖侦察任务,仅通过改进航路规划 方法来降低访问间隔难以显著提高目标发现概率。     

气动热数值模拟中的网格相关性及收敛

针对气动热数值模拟中的网格相关性和收敛问题,采用计算流体力学(CFD)计算方法,以典型的钝头为算例,进行了数值模拟研究。研究结果表明:网格是气动热数值模拟中的关键因素,壁面附近法向网格间距最为敏感,热流结果随网格间距不同会出现数倍乃至数量级的差异,在得出正确的壁面压力结果的网格上不能保证得到正确的热流结果。分析认为壁面附近客观存在的巨大温度梯度是网格要求敏感的原因。计算表明:气动热计算的收敛过程比压力和流场收敛慢得多;在压力和流场完全收敛时,热流与最终的迭代收敛值偏差达20%以上;以方程残值的下降量级和压力收敛作为热流收敛的判别标准是不合适的。在气动热计算中,应直接观察热流数据的收敛,确保得到真正的收敛解。     

电导率模拟对高超声速MHD控制影响

高温气体电导率是高超声速电磁流动控制数值模拟最重要的参数之一。针对电导率模拟准确性及其对高超声速磁流体控制影响的问题,考虑高超声速飞行器流场中高温气体热化学非平衡效应,采用三维低磁雷诺数磁流体动力学（MHD）数值模拟方法及程序,结合国内外常见电导率处理方法开展典型状态高超声速MHD控制数值模拟,分析电导率模拟对高超声速磁流体流场分布、气动力/热特性的影响。研究表明：磁控热流减缓效果与电导率呈非线性关系,电导率较大时将出现电导率的磁控热饱和现象,其产生的原因可能与化学反应趋向于平衡态存在一定关系;采用定电导率方法,会人为放大磁场洛仑兹力的磁阻力效果,使阻力系数的预测值偏大;不同电导率模型计算得到的电导率分布差异很大,甚至存在数量级的差别,显著影响了磁流体的控制效果,这与电导率模型的适用范围、参数选取原则存在很大关联;对于含多种离解、电离组分的高温气体流动来说,采用基于多电离组分迁移碰撞的电导率模型（本文模型M8）,计算与试验一致性最好。     

飞机供电综合控制系统的仿真研究

对先进飞机供电综合控制系统进行了仿真研究。文中给出了一种典型的系统构型,并对系统进行了设备级和系统级的仿真,建立了供电综合控制系统半物理仿真试验模型。对系统进行了仿真测试,验证了供电综合控制系统方案的正确性、结构设计的合理性,完成了系统原理性的研究。     

Assessment of some self-adaptive SGS models for wall bounded flows

Self-adaptive subgrid-scale models for large-eddy simulation of wall bounded flows using a second-order accurate numerical method are described and assessed on the plane channel flow configuration. These models do not include any information related to the location of the wall, and are based on the three following approaches: dynamic modelling as proposed by Germano, filtered models and selection function. These three techniques are found to be efficient, i.e. they yield vanishing subgrid viscosity when approaching the solid wall without any information related to its location. Strong sensitivity of the results to both Reynolds number and grid resolution is observed. The selection function is found to lead to the lowest subgrid-viscosity level.     

面向对象仿真建模的研究

本文主要从面向对象的建模和系统仿真建模两个方面对面向对象的系统仿真建模的一般过程进行了论述；使用该建模过程建立了飞控系统领域的系统建模仿真环境。     

90°多弯管阻力系数计算方法

为准确获得90°组合多弯管阻力系数,采用数值模拟方法对S弯管管内流动进行模拟,并通过分析归纳S弯管局部阻力的相邻影响机制及规律,提出了90°组合弯管阻力系数计算方法.研究结果表明:弯管阻力系数受2弯连接段长度影响的规律与文献试验结果一致,数值计算方法准确有效;当连接段长度大于4倍管径时,S弯管阻力系数呈线性增长;提出的90°组合弯管阻力系数计算方法考虑了多弯管间相邻影响,且采用提出的方法计算了3弯管和多弯管的阻力系数,并将结果与数值模拟结果进行了对比,二者之间的差距均在3％之内,适合工程应用.     

基于耐热量降低原理的配电系统微机反时限过流保护

 提出航空及民用配电系统耐热量降低原理,对国际电工委员会(IEC)标准规定的反时限特性曲线,研究用电设备过流保护跳闸条件、过流损坏的相对临界耐热量和电流热功率,设计一种快速高精度的反时限过流保护方法,并仿真分析其实现过程。统一定义10倍过流延时时间为时间整定值,使反时限函数具有统一明确的量化参数,并推导出相应的反时限特性方程,使参数更容易整定。该方法克服了传统反时限过流保护不能准确反映电流快速变化时真实故障状态的缺点。根据耐热量降低原理推导一种简单实用的反时限动态特性测试方法,静态和动态实验结果表明该方法快速性好和准确性高,为航空供电系统机载用电设备及民用设备反时限保护提供了实现方案。     

空空拦射导弹火控系统飞行方案建模与仿真

针对空空拦射导弹火控系统的飞行试验方案建模与仿真,提出了合理的建模假设,建立了一系列关于载机、目标机及导弹在导弹发射前、发射后整个靶试过程中的运动诸元解算模型,分析了飞机运动方程与火控系统攻击需求之间的相对关系,进行了仿真计算,并将仿真计算结果与实际工程试飞应用结果进行了对比,取到了满意的效果.     

Inverse simulation as a tool for flight dynamics research—Principles and applications

The technique of inverse simulation is finding application in many and varied fields. As the name implies this technique is used to calculate the control action required to achieve a specified system response. The field of aircraft flight dynamics is particularly suited to this form of simulation as the question of what control actions must the pilot (or automatic flight control system) take for the aircraft to fly along a particular trajectory (a landing approach, for example) is often asked. This paper looks specifically at the application of inverse simulation in flight dynamics. The aim is not only to give an overview of the various techniques and applications but also to provide guidance to potential users of the technique on several of the physical and numerical features often observed in the results. An extensive review of the methodologies used within the family of inverse simulations is presented followed by a formal treatment of the theoretical development of inverse simulation as an established technique. A case study involving the inverse simulation of a helicopter flying a slalom manoeuvre is presented to demonstrate the application of inverse simulation in a flight dynamics analysis. An important feature of the use of inverse simulation is that it is necessary to define the output response required—in the case of flight dynamics the required flight path has to be modelled. Some of the methods used are documented, and their validity discussed. The paper also gives an insight into the types of problem which can be addressed by inverse simulation by detailing some of the many applications to which it has been put in the past. These include studies of rotorcraft handling qualities, performance and design, and pilot modelling as well as model validation. An important element of this paper is the formal, theoretical analysis of some of the numerical and physical features exhibited by inverse simulation which should aid potential users to interpret their results. The work presented in this paper shows a clear evolution of inverse simulation from its initial days when the mathematical models used were relatively simple into a mature analytical technique able to incorporate state of the art mathematical models and be applied to real flight dynamics problems.     

GJB289A总线网络电气特性仿真及故障分析

机载GJB289A 总线用于实现各类航空电子设备之间的物理连接,其可靠性直接影响着飞机航电系统的正常运行。为了分析GJB289A 总线网络典型电气故障特性,根据GJB289A 总线网络变压器、终端电阻分布参数及有损耦合传输线模型,在ADS（Advanced Design System）软件中构建包含两个耦合变压器的两端...     

微重力场中弱强迫流动作用下的固体表面火蔓延

本文研究了微重力条件下固体可燃物表面的火焰传播过程。建立了火蔓延的三维非稳态数学物理模型，给出微重力条件下燃烧过程中固体中燃物气化表面耦合效应的数学处理。运用数值模拟的方向，探讨微笪力条件下燃烧过程的物理机理。研究了产强迫流动对固体表面火蔓延过程的影响，揭示了微重力场中弱强迫流动作用下出现逆风火焰比顺风火焰旺盛的独特现象，并与正常重力场的计算结果作了对比。数值模拟的结果基本合理。     

航空电连接器接触件疲劳寿命的可靠性分析

为研究电连接器接触件疲劳寿命的可靠性问题,以某型军用航空电连接器通用接触件插针插孔为研究对象,应用有限元软件ABAQUS计算了接触件单次插拔过程中的接触性能。基于断裂力学理论,根据受力状况建立了接触件疲劳失效物理模型,进而联合疲劳分析软件FE-SAFE建立了接触件疲劳寿命的仿真计算模型。考虑插孔关键结构尺寸制造误差和插孔插针配合误差的随机性,利用蒙特卡罗抽样法随机构造初始装配模型并仿真计算对应的疲劳寿命,进而统计得出了接触件疲劳寿命的分布类型和分布参数,建立了电连接器接触件疲劳寿命的可靠性分析模型。结果表明：所建模型可实现电连接器任意次插拔后疲劳寿命小于许用寿命的可靠度预测,能对电连接器在许用寿命条件下2种误差的许用极限进行有效限定,可为电连接器接触件的可靠性设计、制造和装配提供理论参考。     

基于TERCOM-ICP联合算法的水下地形匹配方法研究

水下地形辅助导航一直是应用于AUV的热点和前沿问题,有助于修正惯导随时间积累的定位误差,以实现精确的导航定位。对经典地形匹配方法TERCOM算法进行了简单的介绍,引入点云配准领域的ICP算法,针对多波束测深系统可以获取地形剖面的特点,提出了一种TERCOM-ICP联合匹配算法。首先使用TERCOM算法粗匹配,将粗匹配后的大致位置作为指示输入ICP算法中进行精匹配,通过仿真实验对TERCOM算法的匹配结果和ICP算法的匹配时间作对比分析。仿真结果表明：TERCOM-ICP算法可以有效提高水下地形匹配精度,经过仿真实验测试,平均匹配误差可以达到20 m以内,所用时间在160 s以内,验证了该算法应用在水下地形匹配领域的可行性,更好地满足了水下辅助导航的要求。     

现代航空发动机液压机械控制器仿真研究

利用先进的计算机技术和数字仿真技术进行现代航空发动机的液压机械控制器的精确仿真.在Matlab/Simulink环境下,建立了一套元件模型库,并将航空发动机控制系统部件利用此模型库进行数学建模.对某型发动机控制器进行了仿真验证,仿真结果与试验数据吻合.      

数字闭环光纤陀螺的调制串扰误差

 通过分析数字闭环光纤陀螺的阶梯波调制信号与输出死区、周期噪声干扰及小角速度漂移的关系,提出了调制串扰误差的概念。指出调制信号与探测器输出信号之间的电交叉耦合及调制信号产生的调制误差是产生调制串扰误差的干扰源。将调制串扰通道模型简化为比例环节和部分积分环节,并和光纤陀螺理想模型结合,建立了光纤陀螺调制串扰误差模型,利用该模型推导出了产生死区的条件及周期噪声干扰和小角速度漂移造成的输出偏差表达式,并对周期噪声的幅值、频率与陀螺输出量级、带宽之间的关系进行了定量分析。调制串扰误差的仿真和实验结果与理论分析结果基本一致,验证了调制串扰误差模型的正确性。     

飞机全生命期过程建模方法与技术

论述了飞机全生命期过程建模的必要性,介绍了针对飞机这样的大型复杂过程的建模技术,已 开发的产品过程建模和模拟软件工具,以及该工具用于某型号飞机研制过程的建模情况。     

Numerical modeling of spacecraft electric propulsion thrusters

There is a clear current trend towards the replacement of small chemical thrusters used for spacecraft control by electric propulsion thrusters. These thrusters use a variety of mechanisms to convert electrical power into thrust and, in general, provide superior specific impulse in comparison to chemical systems. Electric propulsion has been under development for the last 40 yr, and almost all thrusters are designed based on experience and experimentation. The present article considers the progress made in numerical simulation of electric propulsion thrusters. Due to the wide range of such devices, attention is restricted to electric propulsion thruster types that are presently in use by orbiting spacecraft. The physical regimes created in these thrusters indicate that a variety of numerical methods is required for accurate numerical simulation ranging from continuum formulations to kinetic approaches. Successes of numerical simulation models are demonstrated through specific examples. It is concluded that numerical simulations can be expected to play a more prominent role in the design and evolution of future electric propulsion thrusters.     

Modelling of the MICROSCOPE Mission

The French space mission MICROSCOPE aims at testing the Equivalence Principle (EP) up to an accuracy of 10^?15. The experiment will be carried out on a satellite which is developed and produced within the CNES Myriade series. The measuring accuracy will be achieved by means of two high-precision capacitive differential accelerometers that are built by the French institute ONERA, see Touboul and Rodrigues (Class. Quantum Gravity 18:2487–2498, 2001). At ZARM, which is a member of the science team, the data evaluation process is prepared. Therefore, a comprehensive simulation of the real system including the science signal and all error sources is built for the development and testing of data reduction and data analysis algorithms to extract the EP violation signal. Currently, the ZARM Drag-Free simulator, a tool to support mission modelling, is adapted for the MICROSCOPE mission in order to simulate test mass and satellite dynamics. Models of environmental disturbances like solar radiation pressure are considered, also. Additionally, detailed modelling of the on-board capacitive sensors is done. The actual status of the mission modelling will be presented. Particularly, the modelling of disturbances forces will be discussed in detail.