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20世纪80年代末以来,中国就开始十分重视海洋遥感技术的发展,从1987年起在FY—1A卫星上就加上了海洋水色通道,发展到2002年发射了专门的海洋水色HY—1A卫星;从地面的海洋反射率光谱仪的测量,发展到卫星上的水色、水温扫描仪;从简单的假彩色合成处理技术,发展到多要素、多功能的海洋要素提取和应用技术。总之,中国的海洋遥感技术在国际上已有了发言权和一席之地。但在以海洋卫星为主手的立体海洋监测体系,高精度分析与定量比测量,多平台监测数据同化和技术集成等方面与国际上先进国家比,还存在着差距。就以上方面的差距出发,文章最后提出了建立稳定运行的海洋卫星体系,必须从多方面入手,提高海洋遥感精度和开发同化技术研究的应用水平,提出了有效建议。 相似文献
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一、概述2002年5月15日,我国成功地将自行研制的海洋一号A(HY-1A)卫星送入太阳同步轨道。自2002年5月29日开始HY-1A卫星正式下传海洋水色扫描仪与CCD成像仪所探测的数据,国家卫星海洋应用中心的北京、三亚地面站成功地接收到了第一轨HY-1A卫星遥感图像。国家海洋局与中国航天科技集团公司组织进行了在轨测试,对卫星与地面应用系统的各项功能进行了检验与验证,各项试验取得了圆满成功。该卫星境内外水色探测能力与灾害监测能力得到充分证实,已于2002年9月18日交付后投入业务化使用。在卫星与地面系统运行的一年多时间内,已获得我国渤海… 相似文献
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我国海洋动力环境卫星应用现状及发展展望 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
正我国十分重视海洋动力环境卫星遥感及其监测技术的发展,已经实现了自主海洋卫星的研制、发射、在轨运行和业务应用,发挥了显著的经济和社会效益。我国自主研制的海洋二号卫星A星(HY-2A),不仅填补了我国海洋动力环境卫星遥感的空白,也是目前世界上唯一在轨运行的集主、被动微波遥感器于一身的综合型海洋动力环境卫星,具备同时获取风场、有效 相似文献
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《中国航天(英文版)》2019,(1)
The Chinese-French Oceanic Satellite 1(CFOSAT-1) was successfully launched on October 29, 2018. The satellite was developed under cooperation between China and France. CFOSAT-1 realizes joint observation of sea waves and wind for the first time in the world. This paper introduces the background of the satellite, including application goals and the division of the project. The paper describes the satellite platform composition, the coverage and benefit of conducting joint observation as well as the working principle, structure and performance of the two payloads, SCAT and SWIM, and introduces the in-orbit observation results of sea wind and waves. The difficulties during the development, solutions and acquired experience for future international space cooperation are also introduced. Finally, the conclusion concerning CFOSAT-1's contributions to sea state forecast, marine and climate research, as well as its important role in the ocean dynamic environment detection system. 相似文献
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从总体与导航制导控制的视角,对长征三号甲系列运载火箭发展与成就进行了分析和小结。长征三号甲系列运载火箭,在长征三号运载火箭解决我国发射高轨道卫星有无问题的基础上,历经基本能力、适应能力、高适应能力的发展,具备了高轨道大型卫星运载能力,突破了从单一轨道面到三维空间各种轨道发射、从高轨卫星转移轨道到工作轨道发射、从地球轨道到地月轨道发射以及从航天技术试验到高可靠工程应用发射等关键技术,使我国运载火箭整体能力取得了地球全轨道发射、星际轨道发射等跨越发展。航天重大工程和国际商业发射表明,该系列运载火箭已进入世界高轨道航天器发射的运载火箭前列,并奠定了进一步开拓发展的基础。 相似文献
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《Acta Astronautica》2007,60(8-9):622-630
We have developed an algorithm, based on novel techniques of data compression and neural networks for the optimal positioning of a satellite. The algorithm is described in detail, and examples of its application are given. The heart of this algorithm is the program NNIC—neural network image compressor. This program was developed for compression color and grayscale images with artificial neural networks (ANNs). NNIC applies three different methods for compression. Two of them are based on neural networks architectures—multilayer perceptron and kohonen network. The third is based on a widely used method of discrete cosine transform, the basis for the JPEG standard. The program also serves as a tool for determining numerical and visual quality parameters of compression and comparison between different methods. A number of advantages and disadvantages of the compression using ANNs were discovered in the course of the present research, some of them presented in this report. The thrust of the report is the discussion of ANNs implementation problems for modern platforms, such as a satellite positioning system that include intensive image flowing and processing. 相似文献
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介绍了我国极轨气象卫星的现况。提出了由风云三号(FY-3)上午星、下午星和降水测量卫星组成的我国极轨气象卫星对地观测网构想,给出了三种卫星的主要仪器性能指标。讨论了多载荷综合观测,利用微波波段实现全天候探测,提高光谱分辨率,提高空间分辨率,提高仪器的灵敏度、定标精度,发展无线电(GPS)掩星探测,以及发展主动遥感等极轨气象卫星发展趋势。对我国极轨气象卫星的发展给出了气象卫星向对地综合观测发展、遥感探测技术向"四高两全一多"发展、探测方式向主动与被动结合方向发展、遥感应用向高精度定量化发展、发展专用卫星或小卫星阵列等建议。分析了转动部件与太阳阵耦合抑制、高指向精度高稳定度姿态控制、高数据率数据传输、颤振对高光谱成像质量的影响分析及减振、主动微波及可见、红外、紫外谱段高精度地面及在轨定标等实现我国极轨气象卫星发展的关键技术。 相似文献
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一种新型充气式重力梯度杆的研制和在轨展开试验 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
文章对中国“新技术验证一号”卫星搭载的一种新型充气式重力梯度杆的研制和在轨试验情况进行了介绍。重力梯度杆在小卫星控制领域中具有较好的应用前景,而充气结构具有轻质、占用空间小、发射成本低的特点,采用充气式重力梯度杆可避免传统机械式重力梯度杆质量重、尺寸大和机构复杂的缺点,它以充气伸展臂为主要结构形式,通过充气展开伸直成为重力梯度杆,既作为卫星重力梯度杆又通过在轨试验验证空间充气展开结构的性能。在轨试验结果表明充气式重力梯度杆展开稳定、有序、性能可靠,可以满足小卫星的性能和功能要求。该试验也是中国首个成功的充气展开结构在轨技术验证试验,标志着中国的充气展开结构技术初步具备了工程化能力。 相似文献
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《Acta Astronautica》2013,82(2):419-429
This paper describes the design and the manufacturing of a Cubesat platform based on a plastic structure.The Cubesat structure has been realized in plastic material (ABS) using a “rapid prototyping” technique. The “rapid prototyping” technique has several advantages including fast implementation, accuracy in manufacturing small parts and low cost. Moreover, concerning the construction of a small satellite, this technique is very useful thanks to the accuracy achievable in details, which are sometimes difficult and expensive to realize with the use of tools machine. The structure must be able to withstand the launch loads. For this reason, several simulations using an FEM simulation and an intensive vibration test campaign have been performed in the system development and test phase. To demonstrate that this structure is suitable for hosting a complete satellite system, offering innovative integrated solutions, other subsystems have been developed and assembled.Despite its small size, this single unit (1U) Cubesat has a system for active attitude control, a redundant telecommunication system, a payload camera and a photovoltaic system based on high efficiency solar cells.The developed communication subsystem has small dimensions, low power consumption and low cost. An example of the innovations introduced is the antenna system, which has been manufactured inside the ABS structure. The communication protocol which has been implemented, the AX.25 protocol, is mainly used by radio amateurs. The communication system has the capability to transmit both telemetry and data from the payload, in this case a microcamera.The attitude control subsystem is based on an active magnetic system with magnetorquers for detumbling and momentum dumping and three reaction wheels for fine control. It has a total dimension of about 50×50×50 mm. A microcontroller implements the detumbling control law autonomously taking data from integrated magnetometers and executes pointing maneuvers on the basis of commands received in real time from ground.The subsystems developed for this Cubesat have also been designed to be scaled up for larger satellites such as 2U or 3U Cubesats. The additional volume can be used for more complex payloads. Thus the satellite can be used as a low cost platform for companies, institutions or universities to test components in space. 相似文献
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FY—1C极轨气象卫星的进展 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:3
在概述美国和俄罗斯等国外极轨气象卫星发展概况的基础上,介绍了中国极轨与静止轨道两种气象卫星的业务应用卫星体系,重点介绍了“风云一号”(02星)即FY-1C极轨气象卫星的任务、总体设计、技术特点、关键技术以及所取得的进展。最后简述了新一代有轨气象卫星FY-3的发展设想。 相似文献