试论预应力锚固技术在我国水利水电工程中的应用与发展

预应力锚固技术是一项潜力很大的工程措施,它效益显著,适应面广,既可对原有建筑物进行加固、补强,又可在新建工程中显示其独特的功能,而且由于预应力锚固具有传递拉应力的特殊优点,在国内外受到各部门的重视,取得了显著的成效.本文主要阐述了预应力锚固技术在我国水利水电工程中的应用和发展前景,并提出了预锚技术发展中值得研究及应注意的若干问题.     

工字钢混凝土结构粘结滑移试验分析

论文通过对工字钢混凝土柱推出试验及实验数据分析，得到工字钢型钢混凝土试件的应变沿锚固长度、应力沿柱高、内部滑移沿锚固长度、应力和滑移的本构关系的分布规律，其结论从试验上对工字钢混凝土结构理论设计提供了论证支持。     

结合工程实际浅谈环境应力筛选试验

结合工程实际介绍了环境应力筛选应用情况、典型结果和实践经验，并提出了环境应力筛选试验的注意事项和当前亟待解决的问题，以确保环境应力筛选试验在保证航天电子产品可靠性上得到应用和推广。     

大型复杂构件制造过程残余应力演化与调控

归纳了残余应力的基本类型及各类残余应力的计算机仿真方法，概述了残余应力形成与演化行为及残余应力调控技术的研究现状。以机械臂基座本体淬火过程为例，展示了有限元仿真在大型复杂构件残余应力演化行为分析上的应用；以工字型材模压去应力为例，通过有限元仿真重现了变截面构件模压去应力的过程并分析了模压去应力的影响因素。讨论了残余应力仿真预测与调控技术应用于组件及其涵盖构件制造-服役全寿命周期的可行性，预测了其集成于智能制造技术体系的巨大潜力。     

CFG桩复合地基应力比数值分析

本文采用有限元ANSYS程序对CFG桩复合地基的单桩桩体荷载传递规律、应力比及影响因素进行了分析,得出了减小应力比的方法和措施,对工程可起借鉴的作用。     

金属模板对复合材料层板固化过程中残余应力的影响

采用商业软件对带有铝板的复合材料层板固化全过程残余应力进行数值模拟计算。在固化瞬态温度场模拟中，采用有限差分法考虑固化动力学模型和热一化学模型强耦合的关系。在残余应力数值模拟中，化学收缩引起的应变在每一计算步以初始应变施加在复合材料结构上。基于以上技术，对带有铝合金的复合材料层板的固化全过程残余应力的进行分析，并分析了金属模板在分析中的作用。结果表明：金属模板改变了两种材料残余应力最大值的时刻；由于金属模板约束作用使带有铝板的复合材料层板在固化过程中承受更大的残余应力。     

宇航抗辐射加固集成电路技术发展与思考

宇航抗辐射加固集成电路是航天工程的核心基础技术。长期以来,美欧等国家对抗辐射加固集成电路持续支持并严格禁运,宇航集成电路的发展和自主可控是我国向航天强国迈进的关键核心基础之一,受到国家的高度重视。本文总结了宇航抗辐射加固集成电路发展特点和我国发展现状,分析了未来宇航抗辐射加固集成电路的发展需求,探讨了未来需要重点关注的3个技术方向,即软加固的天算芯片、高压功率器件加固和单粒子效应仿真。     

螺栓轴向紧固力的超声测量

叙述了超声波与螺栓应力之间的理论关系及基实验证明。以此为基础制成的仪器可直接测出螺栓的轴向紧固力。在大量采用螺给作为紧固件的航天领域，该项技术可保障各类火箭及其他构件的工作可靠性。     

CFG桩复合地基应力比数值分析

本文采用有限元ANSYS程序对CFG桩复合地基的单桩桩体荷载传递规律、应力比及影响因素进行了分析,得出了减小应力比的方法和措施,对工程可起借鉴的作用.     

基于动态链接库的虚拟仪表建模与仿真

仿真模型的可复用性是建模与仿真领域的研究重点。在分析基于DiS-TI GL Studio的虚拟仪表一般设计方法基础上,从提升仿真模型可复用性角度出发,研究了基于动态链接库的虚拟仪表和虚拟面板设计方法,提出了仿真系统中虚拟面板的动态加载技术。工程实践表明,该方法可以显著提高仿真模型可复用性,为复杂武器系统中虚拟面板与仿真系统的融合提供高效解决方案。     

Estimating the accuracy of the technique of reconstructing the rotational motion of a satellite based on the measurements of its angular velocity and the magnetic field of the Earth

The paper has studied the accuracy of the technique that allows the rotational motion of the Earth artificial satellites (AES) to be reconstructed based on the data of onboard measurements of angular velocity vectors and the strength of the Earth magnetic field (EMF). The technique is based on kinematic equations of the rotational motion of a rigid body. Both types of measurement data collected over some time interval have been processed jointly. The angular velocity measurements have been approximated using convenient formulas, which are substituted into the kinematic differential equations for the quaternion that specifies the transition from the body-fixed coordinate system of a satellite to the inertial coordinate system. Thus obtained equations represent a kinematic model of the rotational motion of a satellite. The solution of these equations, which approximate real motion, has been found by the least-square method from the condition of best fitting between the data of measurements of the EMF strength vector and its calculated values. The accuracy of the technique has been estimated by processing the data obtained from the board of the service module of the International Space Station (ISS). The reconstruction of station motion using the aforementioned technique has been compared with the telemetry data on the actual motion of the station. The technique has allowed us to reconstruct the station motion in the orbital orientation mode with a maximum error less than 0.6° and the turns with a maximal error of less than 1.2°.     

精密金刚石、CBN电镀刀具内包容流动旋转植砂的研究

金刚石、CBN电镀刀具在实际中获得了一定的应用。目前，改进电镀制造工艺、提高刀具制造精度和制造效率仍然是电镀刀具制造中主要研究的问题。本文提出流动旋转植砂技术，它可以提高金刚石、CBN磨粒外包络面上的磨粒数，这样就可以保证内镀法刀具切刃的等高性、型面精度和有效磨粒数。     

用拉氏量计和分析技术研究固体推进剂冲击波作用过程

本文建立了适合于研究固体推进剂冲击波作用过程的拉氏量计和分析技术,应用这种技术能清楚地表现固体推进剂内部状态变化过程和化学反应过程。并用这种技术研究了聚硫复合推进剂、丁羟复合推进剂、双基推进剂和改性双基推进剂冲击波转爆轰和爆轰过程。结果表明,复合推进剂与双基和改性双基推进具有明显不同的状态变化过程和化学反应过程。     

Plastic Cubesat: An innovative and low-cost way to perform applied space research and hands-on education

This paper describes the design and the manufacturing of a Cubesat platform based on a plastic structure.The Cubesat structure has been realized in plastic material (ABS) using a “rapid prototyping” technique. The “rapid prototyping” technique has several advantages including fast implementation, accuracy in manufacturing small parts and low cost. Moreover, concerning the construction of a small satellite, this technique is very useful thanks to the accuracy achievable in details, which are sometimes difficult and expensive to realize with the use of tools machine. The structure must be able to withstand the launch loads. For this reason, several simulations using an FEM simulation and an intensive vibration test campaign have been performed in the system development and test phase. To demonstrate that this structure is suitable for hosting a complete satellite system, offering innovative integrated solutions, other subsystems have been developed and assembled.Despite its small size, this single unit (1U) Cubesat has a system for active attitude control, a redundant telecommunication system, a payload camera and a photovoltaic system based on high efficiency solar cells.The developed communication subsystem has small dimensions, low power consumption and low cost. An example of the innovations introduced is the antenna system, which has been manufactured inside the ABS structure. The communication protocol which has been implemented, the AX.25 protocol, is mainly used by radio amateurs. The communication system has the capability to transmit both telemetry and data from the payload, in this case a microcamera.The attitude control subsystem is based on an active magnetic system with magnetorquers for detumbling and momentum dumping and three reaction wheels for fine control. It has a total dimension of about 50×50×50 mm. A microcontroller implements the detumbling control law autonomously taking data from integrated magnetometers and executes pointing maneuvers on the basis of commands received in real time from ground.The subsystems developed for this Cubesat have also been designed to be scaled up for larger satellites such as 2U or 3U Cubesats. The additional volume can be used for more complex payloads. Thus the satellite can be used as a low cost platform for companies, institutions or universities to test components in space.     

冲压发动机燃烧室热防护技术

冲压发动机燃烧室热防护是其关键技术之一。隔热层烧蚀冷却、气膜冷却是冲压发动机常用的冷却方式。随着飞行器飞行马赫数和射程的增加,燃烧室的热防护问题越来越突出,必须发展先进的冷却技术才能适应其工作要求。提出了解决问题的三个途径:发展先进的耐热材料、采用新的火焰筒冷却技术、提高传统的气膜冷却效率。     

在不同地形条件下的地形辅助导航系统定位精度评估

如何选择合适的地形是卡尔曼连续修正的地形辅助导航系统在实际应用中遇到的难题。本文首先建立系统仿真模型，然后利用ＡＲＣ／ＩＮＦＯ地理信息系统软件进行地形分析。在此基础上，通过大量的计算机仿真试验，对卡尔曼连续修正的地形辅助导航系统在不同地形条件下的定位精度进行了评估。评估结果为系统在实际应用中的地形选择提供了依据。     

通信卫星干扰源定位系统的轨道改进研究

针对干扰源定位系统中通信卫星轨道误差较大问题,文章采用卫星精密定轨策略,对干扰辐射源定位系统中通信卫星的轨道改进问题进行了研究。详细研究时差与频差的测量原理,并对地球同步轨道通信卫星轨道给出了较为符合该类卫星轨道类型的力学建模。采用高精度数值积分器及参数估计方法进行轨道确定和系统差标定。通过仿真和实测资料处理分析,定轨精度可以达到十米至百米量级。其理论性得到验证,同时能够满足我国相关行业的工程需求。     

喷雾场测试技术研究进展

喷注器的喷雾质量直接影响推进剂在燃烧室中的燃烧效率。为了准确获得其喷雾特性,以收集法、PDA及PIV为代表的喷雾场测试技术一直在不断发展和完善中,其中PIV技术与数字全息技术相结合发展的DHPIV技术具有较好的应用前景。对近年来的喷雾场测试技术进行了综述,介绍了各种测试技术的原理、特点及其在喷雾场测试中存在的问题。     

“资源三号”卫星多光谱相机技术

＂资源三号＂多光谱相机按照测绘相机的要求开展研制,采用了离轴TMA光学系统、柔性卸载技术、高集成与低噪声电路技术等多项先进技术保证相机成像品质,在轨测试显示,多光谱相机功能、性能满足研制要求,关键项目性能优于指标要求,内方位元素保持高精度稳定,经过几何检校后,定位精度达到国际先进水平。文章论述了多光谱相机的设计、制造、调校、试验等相关技术,可以为后续同类相机的研制提供参考。