根据遥测空间目标温度数据测算其热特性参数

空间目标存在着与热环境条件相对应的平衡温度（Te)。本文推导了计算Te的简化公式；参照对应状态定律，引入了对比温度τ=（T／Te)及其特征函数f(τ）=（arcth(τ）/2（当τ＜1即T＜Te时）或f(τ)=(arcth(τ)-arctg（τ）/2(当τ＞1即T＞Te时），推导出无内热源空间目标在Te恒定的条件下，其f(τ)与时间和t成正比的结论，其斜率为目标特性参数的组合εσTe^3/(MC/A),截距（f(τ0)取决于初温（T0），并用空间气球目标的T（t)实例予以验证。因此，可根据遥测空间目标的T（t)数据来测算其热特性参数。     

SchrOdinger方程的一个新显格

文章构造了一个解SchrÖdinger方程的三层显式差分格式,截断误差达O(τ2+h2),稳定性条件为r=τ／h2＜(17(1/2))／4.     

钢带冲模(下)

冲压力的计算切刀式钢带冲模与常规式及样板式钢带冲模冲裁力的计算方法是不同的。由于切刀式钢带冲模的上模是一块平板,本身不带刃口,因此切刀式钢带冲模冲裁的抗剪强度大于常规式及样板式钢带冲模。抗剪强度是由工艺试验确定的。由试验获得退火状态下的硬铝(LY12M)利用切刀式钢带冲模进行冲裁的抗剪强度τ=20.8公斤/毫米~2。而由平口刀刃的钢模进行冲裁时的抗剪强度为τ=10～10.5公斤/毫米~2。     

BNi-2非晶钎料钎焊高铌TiAl合金与GH3536合金接头组织与性能

采用非晶态BNi-2钎料成功实现了高铌TiAl合金与GH3536合金的连接,获得良好的钎焊接头。钎焊接头的典型界面组织为TAN/B2+τ3/τ4+（Ni-Ti）-B/γ+（Ni-Ti）-B+CrB+G相/GH3536。通过分析钎焊温度对接头界面微观组织的影响,表明BNi-2钎料中B元素的扩散以及GH3536合金向液态钎料中的溶解对界面组织结构演变起着至关重要的作用。而随着钎焊温度的升高,扩散IV区逐渐消失,接头由4个区域变为3个区域,τ3/τ4化合物层及钎缝区域均逐渐增厚,黑色CrB相发生粗化,细小点状（Ni,Ti）-B含量减少。1 160℃保温10 min时,所获得的钎焊接头最大室温及高温（700℃）抗剪强度分别为~106.8 MPa和~76.2 MPa,其剪切强度降低约28.6%,接头均呈现脆性断裂模式。接头形成过程可以划分为固相扩散、液相生成、等温扩散凝固和残余液相析出4个阶段。     

增大表征振荡器能力的修正阿仑方差

阿仑方差σ_y~2(τ)事实上现在已经成为测量振荡器在时域中不稳定度的实用标准。振荡器的频率不稳定度常常可以用幂律谱S_y(f)～f~a拟出适当的模型,这里的y是归一化频率差,f是傅氏频率,a在某一傅氏频率范围内为常数。已经证明,用幂律谱,则有σ_y~2(τ)～τ~μ,当-3相似文献   

冷镱原子光钟的研究进展

光学原子钟是一类基于原子或离子中光频跃迁的新型原子钟,近年来已成为研究热点并获得了重大进展,其性能已优于最好的铯基准微波钟,可满足更高精度定位、导航与授时应用的需求。阐述了冷镱原子光钟的基本工作原理及构成,分析了系统不确定度和稳定度等性能指标,给出了目前世界范围内的发展现状,介绍了华东师范大学的研究进展,其中一台光钟的系统不确定度评估为1.7×10~(-16),稳定度为2.9×10~(-15)/τ~(1/2),在5000s平均后稳定度优于4×10~(-17)。最后简要对冷镱原子光钟的应用前景进行了展望。     

类火星环境的低气压和水对发状念珠藻复苏的影响

为了考察发状念珠藻(发菜)在类火星表面半开放体系复苏的可行性,搭建了在线监测模拟类火星环境密闭体系内发菜复苏时放氧速率的试验装置,并考察了水对发菜光合放氧复苏的影响。结果显示,在气压超过5℃、15℃、25℃所对应的水饱和蒸气压时,发菜放氧最高速率分别为5、7和10μmol O_2·h~(-1)·g~(-1)(DW),分别是发菜最大放氧速率的1%、2%和3%;而在气压低于相应的水饱和蒸气压时,发菜放氧平均速率分别下降为1、2和3μmol O_2·h~(-1)·g~(-1)(DW),且随着反应时间的延长,发菜在5℃放氧速率下降为0;然而,在5℃,气压为1.7~1.9 k Pa,加入10 mL BG11时,发菜放氧速率最高上调至12μmol O_2·h~(-1)·g~(-1)(DW)。以上结果显示,水对发菜在类火星表面半开放体系复苏的影响大于气压。     

涡量流函数二维空穴环流计算

本文用涡量流函数方法,ADI差分格式计算了方形空穴内环流运动。用(ψ~k,ω~k)→(ψ~k 1/2,ω~k)→(ψ~(k 1),ω~k)→(ψ~(k 1/2),ω~(k 1/2)→(ψ~(k 1),ω~(k 1))及(ψ~k,ω~k)→(ψ~(k 1/2),ω~k)→(ψ~(k 1/2),ω~(k 1/2))→(ψ~(k 1/2),ω~(k 1/2))→(ψ~(k 1),ω~(k 1))二种迭代格式都得到收敛解。取收敛精度为ψ,ψ的“1”模相对误差10~(-4)。 另外采用Benjamin所推荐的变换函数以改善边界附近的计算。     

谐振式光子晶体光纤陀螺环路建模与仿真

为减小谐振式光子晶体光纤陀螺系统中相对频率噪声对随机游走系数的影响,在反馈回路中引入PI控制器构成新反馈回路。通过建立谐振式光子晶体光纤陀螺环路模型,优化反馈控制模型中PI控制器参数,仿真得到谐振式光子晶体光纤陀螺的闭环带宽可达39.1k Hz,响应时间为1.24×10~(-4)s,超调量控制在8%以内。利用上述结果对谐振式光子晶体光纤陀螺进行检测带宽的优化设计仿真,得到当系统检测带宽小于3Hz时,可控频率噪声功率谱密度小于1.3μW/Hz,对应的随机游走系数(RWC)小于0.001(°)/h~(1/2),满足导航级陀螺系统的精度要求。     

用升降法测定LC9CS高强度铝合金板的疲劳起始门槛值△kth/ρ~(1/2)

众所周知,在交变应力下,当金属的应力强度因子范围超过其疲劳起始门坎值△kth/ρ~(1/2)时,裂纹处于非稳定状态,并开始扩张。因此,疲劳起始门坎值△kth/ρ~(1/2)的测定在理论研究和工程应用上具有重要的意义。 本文叙述了用升降法测定疲劳起始门坎值△kth/ρ~(1/2),这种方法原理比较简单,容易掌握,是当前测定疲劳起始门坎值△kth/ρ~(1/2)的一种较好的方法。求平均疲劳起始门槛值△kth/ρ~(1/2)的数据处理方     

有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计难点问题

有翼高超声速再入飞行器是近年来的研究热点,气动设计是飞行器设计的关键。为了更清楚地认识有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计的难点问题,对有翼高超声速再入飞行器的发展、优势及总体任务剖面进行了介绍,从5个方面详细介绍了该类飞行器气动设计的难点问题,包括多约束复杂面对称气动布局设计、高温真实气体效应对气动特性影响、天地差异与天地换算方法、反作用控制系统(RCS)喷流干扰对气动特性的影响以及气动数据不确定度等,简要阐明了这些难点问题对总体设计的重要性以及初步的解决思路,为有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计提供了一些参考。     

Simulation and Analysis of Crashworthiness of Fuel Tank for Helicopters

Crashworthiness requirement of fuel tanks is one of the important requirements in helicopter designs. The relations among the protection frame, textile layer and rubber layer of the fuel tank are introduced. Two appropriate FE models are established, one is for an uncovered helicopter fuel tank without protection frame, and the other is for fuel tank with protection frame. The dynamic responses of the two types of fuel tanks impinging on the ground with velocities of 17.3 m/s are numerically simulated for the purpose of analyzing energy-absorbing capabilities of the textile layer and protection frame. The feasibility of the current crashworthiness design of the fuel tank is examined though comparing the dynamic response behaviors of the two fuel tanks.     

突破技术趋同，波音再现竞争优势

 波音公司面临着来自空客公司的巨大挑战,企业战略性创新才是公司成功的关键。为此波音公司的全部战略性研究集中在扩大产品的差异性上,体现在3个方面：电子化（e-Enabled）运营环境、整体复合材料机身部件的制造技术和支持波音787客机的全球协同环境（GCE）。     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

临近空间飞行器测控与信息传输系统频段选择

 临近空间飞行器是高性能信息化武器平台,测控（TT&;C）与信息传输系统是其信息保障的核心,而选择合理、可行的频段是展开系统设计的前提和基础。频段选择影响到整个技术方案的制定,是一个需综合考虑、影响深远并具有战略意义的关键问题,从国际电联（ITU）国际标准、高速数传、接收信噪比（SNR）、“三抗”、超视距中继、黑障、雨衰以及设备研制成熟度8个方面全面、细致论证了近空间平台测控系统的频段选择问题,最终得出在视距链路中以Ka频段为宜,在超视距链路中以Ku/Ka双频段为宜的结论。     

基于弯曲激波压缩系统的高超声速进气道反设计研究进展

总结了近十年来弯曲激波压缩研究的主要成果。提出了弯曲激波压缩系统的新概念,即利用特殊设计的楔形弯曲压缩面或空间弯曲压缩面,产生一系列与前缘弱激波相互交汇或叠加的压缩波系,从而使前缘激波弯曲,形成特殊的弯曲激波,它与波后的等熵压缩波来共同完成对气流的压缩。在此基础上,实现了由给定出口气动参数的超声速内流道反设计,实现了由给定压缩面压力分布和给定压缩面马赫数分布要求的型面反设计,实现了由给定激波波面的压缩型面反设计。研究证明,弯曲压缩面-弯曲激波压缩系统具有良好的综合气动性能,为高性能高超声速进气系统的气动设计提供了一种全新的设计方法。     

Experimental Study on Effects of Fuel Injection on Scramjet Combustor Performance

In order to investigate the effects of fuel injection distribution on the scramjet combustor performance, there are conducted three sets of test on a hydrocarbon fueled direct-connect scramjet test facility. The results of Test A, whose fuel injection is carried out with injectors located on the top-wall and the bottom-wall, show that the fuel injection with an appropriate close-front and centralized distribution would be of much help to optimize combustor performances. The results of Test B, whose fuel injection is performed at the optimal injection locations found in Test A, with a given equivalence ratio and different injection proportions for each injector, show that this injection mode is of little benefit to improve combustor performances. The results of Test C with a circumferential fuel injection distribution displaies the possibility of ameliorating combustor performance. By analyzing the effects of injection location parameters on combustor performances on the base of the data of Test C, it is clear that the injector location has strong coupled influences on combus- tor performances. In addition, an inner-force synthesis specific impulse is used to reduce the errors caused by the disturbance of fuel supply and working state of air heater while assessing combustor performances.     

(高)超声速流动试验技术及研究进展

近年来,与高速飞行器相关的(高)超声速流动受到了极大的关注。这类流动所具有的非定常性、强梯度和可压缩性对试验方法和风洞设计技术提出了挑战。超声速纳米示踪平面激光散射(NPLS)技术是由作者所在团队研发的非接触光学测试技术。它能够以较高的空间分辨率来揭示超声速三维流场的一个瞬态剖面的时间解析的流动结构。介绍了NPLS技术以及基于NPLS开发的密度场测量、雷诺应力测量和气动光学波前测量等方法,并回顾了这些技术在超声速边界层、超声速混合层、超声速压缩拐角、激波/边界层相互作用和光学头罩绕流等流动中的应用,清晰地再现了边界层、混合层、激波等典型流场结构及其时空演化特性。另外,为了模拟和研究高空大气条件下边界层自然转捩和超声速混合层的转捩特性,介绍了高超声速静风洞、超-超混合层风洞的设计技术以及层流化喷管的设计方法。     

高超声速边界层的转捩及预测

首先描述了边界层转捩的基本过程及研究内容。在此基础上,指出了高超声速边界层不同于不可压缩边界层的流动不稳定性特性,并介绍了边界层的转捩机理与感受性特征;给出了高超声速三维边界层中预测转捩的常用方法,并着重介绍了多用于工程实际的e N方法以及对e N方法的理性改进,同时列举了在高超声速三维边界层中应用e N方法实现转捩预测的多个实例。最后,分析并总结了高超声速边界层转捩预测所存在的困难及需要解决的问题。     

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.