航空发动机露天试验及试验能力建设

航空发动机研制过程依赖于大量的试验验证,尤其是整机研制涉及的考核项目多、试验周期长、风险大。随着航空技术 的进一步发展,对航空发动机研制的要求不断提高,也极大地促进了试验基础设施的建设以及试验技术的发展。作为航空发动机 研发的重要环节,露天试车台的建设及其试验能力关系到航空发动机的研发周期、研制水平和装机后发动机的运行稳定性,多功 能的露天试车台逐渐成为航空发动机试验中不可缺少的部分。通过介绍露天试车台的试验内容以及概述国外几种典型的露天试 车台建设情况及其相关研究,同时从测试角度详细分析建设露天试验能力需要考虑的要素,对中国加快露天试车台和试验能力建 设提出了建议。     

露天试车台——研制大飞机发动机的保障

航空发动机的研制工作依赖于大量试验验证,尤其是民用航空发动机,其研制过程中的考核科目多,试验周期长、风险大,许多试验科目必须在露天试车台上进行。加快规划、建设露天试车台是保障大飞机及民机发动机研制的必备条件。     

高新技术的研究手段 系统完善的试验平台——沈阳发动机设计研究所试验能力(二)

经过40多年的技术改造和建设,中国航空工业第一集团公司沈阳发动机设计研究所已拥有试验设备60余台(套),并相继承担了国内多种型号航空发动机的整机试车和部件性能试验,具备了比较完善,系统和配套的航空发动机研制条件,在航空发动机的研制中发挥了重要的保障作用。     

航空涡喷涡扇发动机露天基准试车台

本文介绍了我国目前唯一一座国家二级基准试车台－－２６６航空涡喷涡扇发动机露天基准试车台,并对航空发动机在露天基准试车台和室内试车台上试验录取推力作了理论分析和对比,阐述了对室内试车台进行校准的必要性,同时,文中还对基准试车台的其它用途作了简要介绍,并对基准试车台的使用提出了一些建议。     

谈我国民用航空发动机的发展思路

中国航空工业已有了40多年的发展历史,有了一定的基础和条件。我国现有7个航空发动机制造厂,4个航空发动机设计研究所,13万从业人员,共生产了5万多台航空发动机。基本建成了比较配套的零部件试验台和整机试车台,还有亚洲唯一的高空试车台。在自行开发的气动设计、结构强度分析、传热和燃烧计算等工程设计软件和引进的大型国际通用工程分析软件的基础上,计算机辅助设计逐渐成为工程师设计分析航空发动机的主要手段。几种涡喷、涡扇、涡轴和涡桨发动机已进入研制发展阶段,     

624所高空台荣获“95全国十大科技成就”奖

连续气源航空发动机高空模拟试车台（简称SB101高空台）,是在地面上模拟飞机空中飞行环境条件下进行航空发动机试验的大型试验设备,是新研制发动机不可缺少的关键科研手段,也是一个国家能否独立自主研制航空发动机的重要标志之一。 SB101高空台是国家重点建设工程项目,于1965年开始设计建设,由559台套大中型标准和非标准设备所组成。由于规模大、投资大、技术复杂,目前世界上仅美、俄、英、法才拥有这样的高空台。经过近30年的努力,主要依靠自己的力量完成了设计、制造、安装、调试、高空模拟试验技术研究和国际对比标定等工作,于1995年11月25日通过国家验收委员会验收,正     

我国自行研制的第一种“轴改桨”发动机涡桨9的性能、结构、研制和试验

中航总第608研究所和南方动力机械公司等单位在涡轴8发动机基础上,共同研制出功率为500千瓦级的“轴改桨’涡桨9发动机,其近期目标是取代国产Y-12飞机上现用的PT6A-27发动机,并为我国独立研制的其他多用途小型运输机和高原农业机等提供动力装置.涡桨9的成功研制填补了我国这一功率级涡桨发动机的空白.涡桨9是按中国民用航空规章航空发动机适航标准CCAR-33进行研制的.研制过程分两个阶段:首先进行验证机研制,性能达到技术要求后,转入型号研制,严格按适航标准进行设计,进行部件和整机的适航性考核试验.整机试车共进行1622小时,其中飞行试验为309小时,初始维修试验为1515个循环,近万小时的各种零部件试验,以及完成了所有适航要求的设     

自然风条件下露天试车台推力修正的数值模拟研究

为研究航空发动机在露天试车台的推力修正方案,开展航空发动机在不同自然风风速(0到5m/s)、风向(0到90°)下露天试车的数值仿真计算。分析不同自然风条件露天试车发动机进气道周围和进气道气动交界面流场分布特点,发现已往基于测量二次气流的室内试车台推力修正方法无法用于露天试车台;通过内流法推导出适用于露天试车台的航空发动机进气附加阻力计算公式,在此基础上结合仿真结果计算露天试车台发动机进气附加阻力和台架迎风阻力,并分析的风速对各项修正阻力的影响规律,给出台架迎风阻力与环境风速之间的拟合关系式,研究不同风向的侧风对台架阻力的影响规律。研究结果为实际露天基准试车试验开展提供理论研究帮助,并为测量推力修正给予指导。     

高空模拟试车台简介(一)

高空模拟试车台(以下简称高空台),是能够模拟发动机于空中飞行时的高度、速度等条件的地面试验设备,是研制先进航空发动机和推进系统必不可少的最有效的试验手段。发展一台新的现代高性能航空发动机,除了要进行大量的零部件试验和地面台试车外,还必须利用高空台进行整个飞行包线范围内各种模拟飞行状态下的     

借助高空台和飞行台 支撑航空发动机自主创新

<正>航空发动机试验是发动机研制工作的一个重要组成部分。试验的目的很多,但主要是为了验证设计的可行性与工艺的可靠性,以及考核检验调试的方法,对发动机质量及性能做出评价。发动机在装飞机前,需要在模拟高空环境或真实高空环境下进行整机试验,其手段包括高空台试验和飞行台试验两种。     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.     

Preparation of Highly Dispersed Antimony-doped Tin Oxide Nano-powder via Ion-exchange Hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 and Azeotropic Drying

Antimony-doped tin hydroxide colloid precipitates have been synthesized by hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 using: (1) an ion-exchange hydrolysis to remove chlorine ions, and (2) isoamyl acetate as an azeotropic solvent to obviate water. The obtained dried powder is of high dispersivity without any need for further grinding. The size and dispersivity of the final particles are investigated with the aid of TG-DTA, BET, XRD and TEM. After having calcined, the antimony-doped tin oxide nanopowder possesses a tetragonal rutile structure with high dispersivity, uniform particles and low hard agglomeration.     

Effects of Mo on the Microstructure and Hydrogen Sorption Properties of Ti-Mo Getters

The effects of Mo on the microstructure evolution, porosity and hydrogen sorption properties of Ti-Mo getters are investigated in this work. The results show that the addition of Mo prolongs the densification process of Ti-Mo getters and results in a significant amount of sintered pores. With the Mo content increasing, the porosity of getters firstly increases reaching the maximum value as it at- tains about 7.5wt.%, and then drops. At the room temperature, the hydrogen sorption property of getters increases progressively with the Mo content increasing, but the tendency is not very clear before its content lies below 2.5wt.%. When the Mo content achieves about 7.5wt.%, the hydrogen sorption property proves to be the best. The discussion is made about the above mentioned phenomena inclusive of hydrogen sorption properties of getters under different activation conditions (from 500-750 ℃).     

超声速燃烧数值模拟中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型

高精度数值模拟有助于理解超声速湍流燃烧中湍流与化学反应的相互作用,可为发动机燃烧室等工程应用设计提供可靠的预测模型。除直接数值模拟外,目前在湍流燃烧应用中使用的大涡模拟和雷诺平均Navier-Stokes模拟均需要借助模型模化发生在湍流小尺度上的流动与化学反应过程对湍流大尺度运动的影响。现有的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型大致可分为:火焰面类模型和概率密度函数类模型,2类模型在不同的应用中各自具有优势和局限性。此外,现有模型大都基于低马赫数燃烧,而超声速燃烧中通常会伴随快速混合、局部熄火和再着火以及激波等复杂过程,这为发展其中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型提出了更多的挑战。     

适于低轨卫星IP网络的单核共享树组播算法(英文)

为了解决低轨卫星IP网络中现有典型源组播算法的信道资源浪费问题,本文提出了一套单核共享树组播算法,即核心群合并共享树(CCST)和加权核心群合并共享树(w-CCST)算法。CCST 算法包括动态近似中心(DAC)选核方法和核心群合并组播路径构建方法。DAC方法专为周期、规律运动的低轨卫星网络提出,不需要复杂的星上计算。在核心群合并方法中,以核节点作为初始核心群,通过核心群和剩余组成员的最短路径方法逐步扩展直至整棵组播树构建完成,从而使得组播树的树代价最小,大大提高了网络的带宽利用率和组播传输效率。w-CCST 算法中所提出的加权因子可以调整树代价和端到端传播时延之间的折衷程度,因此,可以通过调整加权因子来适度增大树代价、降低端到端传播时延以支持某些端到端时延要求苛刻的实时组播业务。最后,与低轨卫星 IP 网络中典型算法进行了性能比较,仿真结果说明,CCST 算法的平均树代价比其它算法显著降低,w-CCST 算法的平均端到端传播时延小于 CCST 算法。     

Jet Vectoring Control Using a Novel Synthetic Jet Actuator

A primary air jet vectoring control system with a novel synthetic jet actuator (SJA) is presented and simulated numerically. The results show that, in comparison with an existing traditional synthetic jet actuator, which is able to perform the duty of either “push” or “pull”, one novel synthetic jet actuator can fulfill both “push” and “pull” functions to vector the primary jet by shifting a slide block inside it. Therefore, because the new actuator possesses greater efficiency, it has potentiality to replace the existing one in various appli- cations, such as thrust vectoring and the reduction of thermal signature. Moreover, as the novel actuator can fulfill those functions that the existing one can not, it may well be expected to popularize it into more flow control systems.     

Nonlinear Adaptive Slewing Motion Control of Spacecraft Truss Driven by Synchronous V-gimbaled CMG Precession

The slewing motion control of a truss arm driven by a V-gimbaled control-moment-gyro (CMG) is a nonlinear control problem. The V-gimbaled CMG consists of a pair of gyros that must precess synchronously. The moment of inertia of the system, the angular momentum of the gyros and the external disturbances are not exactly known. With the help of feedback linearization and recursive Lyapunov design method, an adaptive nonlinear controller is designed to deal with the unknown items. Performance of the proposed controller is verified by simulation.     

An SOR Implicit Time-accurate Scheme in Calculating Unsteady Flows

A new time-accurate marching scheme for unsteady flow calculations is proposed in the present work. This method is the combination of classical Successive Over-Relaxation (SOR) iteration method and Jacobian matrix diagonally dominant splitting method of LUSGS. One advantage of this algorithm is the second-order accuracy because of no factorization error. Another advantage is the low computational cost because the Jacobian matrices and fluxes are only calculated once in each physical time step. And, the SOR algorithm has better convergence property than Gauss-Seidel. To investigate its accuracy and convergency, several unsteady flow computa- tional tests are carried out by using the proposed SOR algorithm. Roe’s FDS scheme is used to discritize the inviscid flux terms. Un- steady computational results of SOR are compared with the experiment results and those of Gauss-Seidel. Results reveal that the numerical results agree well with the experimental data and the second-order accuracy can be obtained as the Gauss-Seidel for unsteady flow computations. The impact of SOR factor is investigated for unsteady computations by using different SOR factors in this algorithm to simulate each computational test. Different numbers of inner iterations are needed to converge to the same criterion for different SOR factors and optimal choice of SOR factor can improve the computational efficiency greatly.