扁平型外转子混合磁悬浮飞轮动力学分析

针对扁平型外转子磁悬浮飞轮,考虑轴向被动悬浮刚度影响,采用理论模型与数值模拟相结合的方法,对系统静态悬浮和稳定旋转两种工况下的动力学特性进行了研究.结果表明,静态悬浮时,轴向刚度的变化对径向摆动固有频率影响明显,径向刚度的变化主要影响系统径向刚体平动固有频率,振型交换区内系统振型为转子刚体平动与摆动的叠加;稳定旋转时,轴向刚度的变化主要影响低速圆锥涡动频率,径向刚度的变化主要影响圆柱涡动频率.     

基于非线性有限元的网套补偿器轴向刚度特性及计算方法研究

网套补偿器在航天管路系统中广泛使用,补偿器的轴向刚度是其基本力学参数,然而其复杂的微结构特征使得轴向刚度呈现强烈的非线性。为实现对网套补偿器轴向拉伸全过程的仿真计算,从钢丝网套入手,基于钢丝的螺旋梁模型,分析了轴向长度、螺旋角及网套直径对轴向刚度的影响,结果表明轴向长度和螺旋角将显著影响轴向刚度;分析了边界条件的影响,结果表明在计算轴向刚度时固定边界与约束径向位移的循环边界可以互换。结合网套刚度分析的结论,提出了基于接触关系的子网套刚度分析方法,解释了拉伸时轴向刚度非线性变化原因,进一步建立了2/N波纹管-螺旋梁复合模型以及2/N单波-单锭螺旋梁复合模型用于不同刚度阶段的有限元计算。算例结果表明,仿真获得的力-位移曲线与试验曲线一致性较好,高刚度阶段的轴向刚度误差为3.40%。     

支承总刚度对涡轮泵转子临界转速及稳定性旳影响

针对低温液体火箭发动机涡轮泵转子非线性系统开展了支承总刚度对临界转速及系统稳定性的影响研究.建立了涡轮泵转子非线性系统的动力学模型,在有安装偏心条件下分别研究了泵端和涡轮端支承总刚度变化对转子系统临界转速和稳定性的影响,给出了失稳转速随支承总刚度的变化规律,为液体火箭发动机涡轮泵转子系统结构设计、诊断与维护提供理论依据.     

重型越野车车架扭转刚度分析

通过对六种不同类型车架的有限元计算，分析了车架各结构参数对车架扭转刚度的影响，根据计算结果剖析了对开口和闭口截面梁车架，其车架宽度对车架扭转刚度的不同影响，为今后车架扭转刚度改进指出了方向。     

滑动梁结构的变刚度分析以及应用于振动控制的初步考虑

文章分析了几种形式的滑动梁的刚度特性,分别给出了它们的滑动刚度以及静止刚度的计算公式;分析了静止刚度与滑动刚度的转化条件,并对相同位置的滑动直梁与滑动曲线梁的刚度进行了比较。结果显示:滑动梁的滑动刚度取决于梁的材料、尺寸以及放置的角度;滑动梁的静止刚度与滑动刚度有较大差异,静止刚度一般远大于滑动刚度;曲线梁相比于直线梁,在相同放置的情况下,具有更高的初始滑动刚度;随着梁滑动后与垂直方向夹角的增大,滑动刚度逐渐减小。滑动梁的刚度变化特性可以用于振动控制中,文末给出了减振应用的一些思路。     

导引头伺服机构消隙齿轮系统动力学特性分析

消隙齿轮广泛应用于导引头伺服机构惯性稳定平台传动系统中，用于消除回程误差，提高传动精度。目前，对消隙齿轮传动系统的动力学分析大多采用数值方法，然而在求解含时变啮合刚度和间隙的强非线性系统时耗时较长。本文利用集中质量法建立考虑时变啮合刚度的消隙齿轮系统动力学模型，通过对模型的无量纲及归一化处理，运用分段的增量谐波平衡法对消隙齿轮传动系统进行分析，并利用四阶Runge-Kutta法进行数值验证，研究了不同参数对消隙齿轮系统动力学特性的影响规律。结果表明:随扭簧刚度的提高，系统谐振频率也提高，且共振幅值降低;随内部激励的增加、阻尼比的减小，系统由周期运动逐渐变为混沌运动，且共振幅值增大。     

不完整结构系统刚度可靠性分析

基于结构强度可靠性分析的基础之上，提出了不完整结构(结构系统中有部分元件已失效，但结构未变成机构仍具有一定的承载能力)刚度可靠性的分析方法。该方法考虑了元件因强度失效对结构系统刚度可靠性的影响，以条件概率的形式给出了不完整结构因刚度失效所对应的模式失效概率。并且导出了条件概率所对应的等效安全余量的形式，进而计算在各失效历程中的各失效模式之间的相关性和刚度失效概率。算例表明这样分析符合结构在变成机构之前在使用各阶段刚度可靠性的真实情况，为结构的合理利用起指导作用。     

转向工况下汽车操纵稳定性的研究

文章利用Adams/View软件建立了某车的整车仿真模型,该模型考虑了转向系统和悬架系统。采用转向盘角阶跃输入函数作为转向盘的转角输入,对整车模型进行仿真试验,着重研究了转向汽车的操纵稳定性,分析了静态储备系数和前悬架刚度对汽车操纵稳定性的影响。     

基于变刚度变阻尼的柔性喷管动态模型

针对柔性接头动态迟滞曲线受控制系统控制位置精度和动态响应速度影响较大的问题,基于电液伺服机构和柔性接头变刚度变阻尼模型,构建了柔性喷管的电液伺服机构-变刚度变阻尼模型,将其和电液伺服机构-定刚度定阻尼模型进行了对比。分析了电液伺服机构主要参数、柔性接头工作参数等对电液伺服机构-柔性接头系统动态特性的影响。分析结果表明:电液伺服机构-变刚度变阻尼模型所构造的迟滞曲线可更准确地与实验结果相吻合,并符合迟滞曲线随频率变化的规律,反馈系数、放大器静态放大系数、电液伺服机构增益、滑阀流量增益等参数对系统动态特性的影响更为明显。该模型为固体火箭发动机电液伺服机构-柔性接头系统动态特性的调整提供理论依据。     

基于敏度分析的可展开桁架刚度优化设计

可展开桁架是高分三号(GF-3)卫星SAR天线的关键部件,其在轨展开状态的刚度指标将直接影响到卫星的成像品质,同时,为尽可能减小对整星的影响,要求展开状态的比刚度越大越好。文章针对桁架展开刚度优化问题,提出了基于敏度分析的方法,通过对GF-3卫星SAR天线中的铰链刚度的敏度分析,得到了展开刚度优化的最优途径。在此基础上,利用该方法对多模块桁架展开状态刚度进行了优化,实现了桁架的高比刚度。     

On the stability of the track of the space elevator

A string moving with geostationary angular velocity in its radial relative equilibrium configuration around the Earth, reaching from the surface of the Earth far beyond the geostationary height, could be used as track for an Earth to space elevator. This is an old dream of mankind, originating about 100 years ago in Russia. Besides the question of feasibility from a technological point of view also the question concerning the stability of such a configuration has not yet been completely solved. Under the assumption that a proper material (carbon nanotubes) is available, making the connection possible technologically, we address the question of existence and stability of the radial relative equilibrium of a tapered string on a circular geosynchronous trajectory around the Earth, reaching from the surface of the Earth far beyond the geostationary height.     

On the Possibility of the Existence of Volatile Compounds in the Region of the Scott Crater on the Moon

In this paper, we analyze the illumination conditions, the thermal regime, and the possibility of deposits of volatile compounds existing in the vicinity region (NSR S5 region) near the southern pole of the Moon. It has been found that there are no permanently shadowed zones near the Scott crater and the NSR S5 region, though the temperature conditions allow the of compounds such as CH₃OH, SO₂, NH₃, CO₂, H₂S, C₂H₄, and water to remain stable relative to evaporation for a long time (≥1 Gyr). It has been also shown that compounds like CO and CH₄ cannot stably exist in these regions.     

Estimation of the current density and analysis of the geometry of the current system surrounding the Earth

The results of an investigation of the distribution of plasma pressure, pressure gradients, and magnetic field near the equatorial plane in the plasma ring surrounding the Earth under magneto-quiet conditions are presented. Observational data obtained during the international THEMIS mission are used. The picture of the distribution of transverse-current density near the equatorial plane was obtained under assumption of observing the magnetostatic balance condition at geocentric distances from 6 to 12R _E. In estimating the integral transverse current it was accepted that in daytime sector the magnetic-field minima on magnetic field lines are not localized in the equatorial plane. Estimates of the integral transverse current were obtained, which demonstrate the possibility of closing nighttime transverse currents at geocentric distances of up to ～12R _E inside the magnetosphere, which form a high-latitudinal continuation of the ring current.     

对老年人体育锻炼负荷量监控方法的探讨

通过对老年人体育锻炼活动的情况进行相关调查，发现目前老年人体育锻炼中存在一些误区。因此本文针对这些现实情况提出，应根据实际情况运用一些简单易行的方法来对老年人体育锻炼实施医务监督，达到提高老年人体育锻炼的科学性。     

Estimating the accuracy of the technique of reconstructing the rotational motion of a satellite based on the measurements of its angular velocity and the magnetic field of the Earth

The paper has studied the accuracy of the technique that allows the rotational motion of the Earth artificial satellites (AES) to be reconstructed based on the data of onboard measurements of angular velocity vectors and the strength of the Earth magnetic field (EMF). The technique is based on kinematic equations of the rotational motion of a rigid body. Both types of measurement data collected over some time interval have been processed jointly. The angular velocity measurements have been approximated using convenient formulas, which are substituted into the kinematic differential equations for the quaternion that specifies the transition from the body-fixed coordinate system of a satellite to the inertial coordinate system. Thus obtained equations represent a kinematic model of the rotational motion of a satellite. The solution of these equations, which approximate real motion, has been found by the least-square method from the condition of best fitting between the data of measurements of the EMF strength vector and its calculated values. The accuracy of the technique has been estimated by processing the data obtained from the board of the service module of the International Space Station (ISS). The reconstruction of station motion using the aforementioned technique has been compared with the telemetry data on the actual motion of the station. The technique has allowed us to reconstruct the station motion in the orbital orientation mode with a maximum error less than 0.6° and the turns with a maximal error of less than 1.2°.     

实施“三位一体”教育模式 提高学生的综合素质

本文介绍了“三位一体”教育模式的内容,描述亍我们实施该模式所采取的措施及取得的成效。实践表明,“三位一体”教育模式能够提高学生的综合素质,为学生毕业后的发展打下坚实基础,对教育模式的改革具有一定的指导意义。     

从应变计现状看电阻式传感器的前景

电阻式传感器的核心部件——电阻应变计是目前最常用的应力分析的敏感元件。也常用于测量力、压力、扭矩和加速度等物理量。作者简要回顾了电阻应变计的发展历史，介绍了电阻应变计的结构、分类及现状，展望了电阻式传感器的前景。     

System of works on numerical modeling of the dynamics of the structure of the Space Radiotelescope in the RadioAstron project

The results of modeling the dynamics of the Space Radiotelescope are presented. The results of ground-based vibration-dynamic tests are used to validate the calculation models and estimate the damping levels. The dynamic distortions of the reflecting surface caused by the operation of the pointing mechanism of the high-gain antenna are estimated.     

Optimization of the trajectory of the spacecraft insertion into the system of heliocentric orbits

The possibility of the spacecraft insertion into the system of operational heliocentric orbits has been analyzed. It has been proposed to use a system of several operational heliocentric orbits. On each orbit, the spacecraft makes one or more revolutions around the Sun. These orbits are characterized by a relatively small perihelion radius and relatively high inclination, which allows one to investigate the polar regions of the Sun. The transition of the spacecraft from one orbit to another has been performed using an unpowered gravity assist maneuver near Venus and does not require the cruise propulsion operation. Each maneuver transfers the spacecraft into the sequence of operational heliocentric orbits. We have analyzed several systems of operational heliocentric orbits into which the spacecraft can be inserted by means of the considered transportation system with electric propulsion (EP). The mass of the spacecraft delivered to these systems of operational orbits has been estimated.     

火箭推进剂液体晃动关机响应的数值仿真

本文采用VOF方法对火箭发动机关机阶段所引起的液体晃动进行了数值仿真，以氧化剂贮箱为例，得到了贮箱无阻尼环和带阻尼环时的晃动仿真图和液体质心变化曲线，检验了VOF方法处理碎波的能力。