第二届中国卫星导航学术年会(CSNC2011)第1号通知

<正>中国卫星导航学术年会(China Satellite Navigation Conference,CSNC)是一个开放的学术交流平台旨在加强学术创新,促进卫星导航系统的合作与交流;加强技术创新,促进卫星导航系统的工程建设;加强理论创新,促进卫星导航理论进步;加强应用创新,促进卫星导航产业的科学发展第二届中国卫星导航学术年会将特别邀请国外卫星导航系统主管部门领导和卫星导航领域知名专家学者参会。     

架设天基丝绸之路中国卫星全球服务

2014年5月29日,在第三届中国（北京）国际服务贸易交易会期间,首届“中国卫星全球服务国际合作商洽会暨ITC主题日”在北京国家会议中心举行。《国际太空》作为支持媒体参加了本次盛会。
　　此次卫星服务商洽会以“架设天基新丝绸之路,中国卫星全球服务”为主题,围绕介绍我国通信卫星、北斗导航卫星、减灾卫星、遥感卫星及航天国际商业服务现状,重点阐述中国卫星全球服务的相关政策、服务内容、合作方式及合作愿景。结合联合国国际贸易中心（ITC）等多位国际嘉宾表达的合作意愿,会议以主题发言、服务推介、合作商洽等形式,广泛与全球市场需求对接,展示了中国卫星直接服务于国际用户的国土整治、环境保护、灾害预报、导航救援、以及工农业生产、经济文化发展等社会生活领域的能力与前景。     

第二届中国卫星导航学术年会(CSNC 2011)第1号通知

<正>中国卫星导航学术年会(China Satellite Navigation Conference,CSNC)是一个开放的学术交流平台。旨在加强学术创新,促进卫星导航系统的合作与交流;加强技术创新,促进卫星导航系统的工程建设;加强理论创新,促进卫星导航理论进步;加强应用创新,促进卫星导航产业的科学发展。     

凝聚导航精英 推动“北斗”应用产业蓬勃发展——第一届中国卫星导航学术年会召开

2010年5月19―21日,第一届中国卫星导航学术年会在北京隆重召开。本届会议由包括中国第二代卫星导航系统专项管理办公室在内的7家单位主办,旨在搭建一个开放、权威的学术交流平台,增强社会和学术界在卫星导航领域的参与度,凝聚导航精英,活跃中国卫星导航领域的学术氛围,促进全球卫星导航学术交流与合作,推动"北斗"应用产业蓬勃发展。从事"北斗"导航系统建设和应用的有关部门、科研院所和企业等各方面的领导、专家、代表,以及国外卫星导航专家,共1000余人参加了大会。     

航天国际合作管理体制立法问题研究

正航天国际合作正逐步成为各国加快本国和全球航天发展的重要途径,是实现航天发展战略目标的重要途径和关键因素。我国在航天国际合作方面取得了一系列成就,如参与联合国外空事务、签署广泛的多双边协议、大力发展宇航产品进出口贸易,开展活跃的航天领域学术交流活动等,也面临诸多挑战。研究航天国际合作相关国际法规范,提出我国航天国际合作的立法需求,更好地规范和保障中国航天国际合作活动的健康有序发展。     

“北斗”卫星导航系统应用将迎来最好发展期——第三届中国卫星导航学术年会召开

2012年5月16-19日,第三届中国卫星导航学术年会在广州保利世贸博览馆召开,本届年会的主题是"走向应用的北斗",重点强调学术性和国际性,以学术为本,走向国际。来自国内外卫星导航系统主管部门和卫星导航领域的知名专家、学者及企业家,通过学术交流、高端论坛、展览展示和科学普及等一系列活动,分享了卫星导航领域的最新成果,共商了卫星导航系统的发展,共谋卫星导航应用的未来。     

浅谈欧盟-非洲卫星导航合作发展历程及经验

1 引言 欧盟-非洲卫星导航合作作为欧非数字和空间技术领域合作的重要组成部分,自1999年欧盟委员会宣布启动"伽利略"(Galileo)计划以来,非洲便是欧盟卫星导航战略规划中的重要合作伙伴.长期以来,欧盟通过资金援助、技术支持、应用开发、教育培训等多种方式,致力于提高"伽利略"系统及欧洲"地球静止导航重叠服务"(EG...     

太空新航线

中国和加拿大加入伽利略计划 9月18日,中国与欧盟达成协议,中国将参与欧洲的伽利略卫星导航计划。根据欧盟欧洲委员会驻华代表团发布的新闻公报,这一合作计划将使中国和欧盟在科技、工业制造、服务业及市场开发等领域就卫星导航这一内容展开多项合作。新闻公报引述欧盟委员会副主席、负责伽利略计划的洛约拉·德帕拉西奥女士的话说,“中国的参与将有助于伽利略计划成为目前全球定位服务提供商中的佼佼者。”一个旨在承办与“伽利略”计划相关各项活动的“中国一欧洲全球导航卫星系统技术培训与合作中心”于19日在北京正式设立。     

导航卫星与经济安全

1引言□□随着卫星导航及其应用技术的不断发展,卫星导航已经与互联网、移动通信共同成为21世纪信息技术领域发展的三大支柱产业,在国防及国民经济各领域的应用已经形成不可逆转的发展趋势。全球卫星导航系统能提供24h不间断的全天候、高精度的导航、定位与授时服务,具有其他类型导航系统不可比拟的优势。美国将GPS系统定义为“重要的空间基础设施”,在美国国防科学委员会2005年11月23日向国防部提交的《未来GPS系统》报告中是这样描述GPS系统在美国国家安全与经济发展中的作用的:“作为基础性的信息系统,GPS对美国和国防部是至关重要…     

第七届中国卫星导航学术年会征文通知

<正>2016年5月·湖南长沙May,2016 Changsha年会简介中国卫星导航学术年会(China Satellite Navigation Conference,CSNC)是一个开放的学术交流平台。旨在加强学术创新,促进卫星导航系统的合作与交流;加强技术创新,促进卫星导航系统的工程建设;加强理论创新,促进卫星导航理论进步;加强应用创新,促进卫星导航产业的科学发展。第七届中国卫星导航学术年会将由中国卫星导航系统管理办公室学术交流中心主办,会议于2016年5月在中国长沙召开,涵盖学术交流、高端论坛、展览展示和科学普及等内容,欢迎国内外广大科技工作者及各界人士积极参加并向会议投稿。     

2005年全球反恐特警队赛记

2005年3月30日到4月2日为期4天，在美国拉斯维加斯举行的全球特警挑战赛（Original World SWAT Challenge,OWSC）中，总计有18支队伍参赛。[编者按]     

Indirect search for Dark Matter with H.E.S.S.

Observations of the Galactic center region with the H.E.S.S. telescopes have established the existence of a steady, extended source of gamma-ray emission coinciding with the position of the super massive black hole Sgr A^*. This is a remarkable finding given the expected presence of dense self-annihilating Dark Matter in the Galactic center region. The self-annihilation process is giving rise to gamma-ray production through hadronization including the production of neutral pions which decay into gamma-rays but also through (loop-suppressed) annihilation into final states of almost mono-energetic photons. We study the observed gamma-ray signal (spectrum and shape) from the Galactic center in the context of Dark Matter annihilation and indicate the prospects for further indirect Dark Matter searches with H.E.S.S.     

The Comet Halley flyby I.R. sounder “I.K.S.”

An infrared sounder is being developed in France to observe in 1986 Comet Halley from the Soviet “VEGA” flyby probes. The instrument, called “I.K.S.”, has three measuring channels. Two of these channels will provide the spectrum of the comet emission in the spectral intervals 2.5–5.0 μ and 6–12 μ, at a constant resolution λ/Δλ = 50.The third channel analyzes the comet I.R. image at a spatial frequency of about 1 arc minute^?1; two I.R. colours are used in this channel: 7–10 μ and 10–14 μ. From the results expected, it is hoped that (1) most primary simple molecules emitted by the nucleus will be identified; (2) the chemical composition and perhaps crystalline structure of the dust grains and ices released by the comet will be derived; and (3) the diameter of the nucleus and its brightness temperatures will be measured.     

Mechanisms underlying cellular radiosensitivity and R.B.E.: introductory remarks.

A general outline of the symposium titled "Mechanisms underlying cellular radiosensitivity and R.B.E." will be given in the introduction. The essential topics of molecular radiation biology are described with respect to the damage, repair and mutagenesis caused by high-LET irradiation to cellular DNA. The importance of clustered DNA lesions (locally multiply damaged sites) formed in vivo is discussed. This symposium is devoted to the mechanisms of the biological effects of radiation with high LET, especially with regard to the effects of heavy ions and neutrons which may cause possible risks in space flight, (e.g. carcinogenesis and mutagenesis). Detailed understanding of these risks, however, demands knowledge of the molecular mechanisms involved in the biological effects of high-LET radiations. Thus, it was the organizers' idea to hold a symposium dealing with primary physical and chemical events caused in cellular deoxyribonucleoproteins by densely-ionizing radiations and to relate them to track structures and energy transfer processes. The mechanisms of DNA damage were regarded from different points of view including those considering DNA repair and mutagenesis. Problems associated with cell survival and radiation protection were discussed as well. Our knowledge of the molecular mechanisms of high-LET radiation actions, however, is limited compared to what we know about low-LET radiation effects (e.g. from gamma-rays or X-rays). To emphasize this statement, I would like to summarize briefly the open questions in molecular radiation biology, what we know already about low-LET effects and what is lacking describing the effect of high-LET radiation.     

The C.E.B.A.S.-Minimodule: behaviour of an artificial aquatic ecological system during spaceflight.

The C.E.B.A.S.-Minimodule, a closed aquatic ecosystem integrated into a middeck locker and consisting of a Zoological (animal tanks), a Botanical (plant bioreactor), a Microbial (bacteria filter) and an Electronic Component (data acquisition/control system) was flown on the STS-89 spaceshuttle mission in January 1998 for 9 days. Preflight the plant bioreactor was loaded with 53 g of Ceratophyllum demersum (coontail) and the animal tanks with 4 adult pregnant females of the fish, Xiphophorus helleri (sword-tails), 200 juveniles of the same species less than 1 week of age, 38 large and 30 juvenile Biomphalaria glabrata water snails. The filter compartment was filled with 200 g of lava grain inoculated with laboratory strains of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria. A ground reference was undertaken with the same biological setup with a delay of 4 d. After an adaptation period of 5 d the system was closed and integrated into the spaceshuttle one day before launch. Video recordings of the animals were automatically taken for 10 minutes in 2-hour periods; the tapes were changed daily by the astronauts. The chemical and physical data for the aquatic system were within the expected range and were closely comparable in comparison to the ground reference. After 9 d under space conditions, the plant biomass increased to 117 g. The plants were all found in very good condition. All 4 adult female fish were retrieved in a good physiological condition. The juvenile fishes had a survival rate of about 33%. Almost 97% of the snails had survived and produced more than 250 neonates and 40 spawning packs. All samples were distributed according to a defined schedule and satisfied all scientific needs of the involved 12 principal investigators. This was the first successful spaceflight of an artificial aquatic ecosystem containing vertebrates, invertebrates, higher plants and microorganisms self-sustained by its inhabitants only. C.E.B.A.S. in a modified form and biological setup is a promising candidate for the early space station utilization as a first midterm experiment.     

The "C.E.B.A.S. MINI-MODULE": a self-sustaining closed aquatic ecosystem for spaceflight experimentation.

The C.E.B.A.S. MINI-MODULE is the miniaturized space flight version of the Closed Equilibrated Biological Aquatic System (C.E.B.A.S.). It fits into a large middeck locker tray and is scheduled to be flown in the STS 85 and in the NEUROLAB missions. Its volume is about 9 liters and it consists of two animal tanks, a plant cultivator, and a bacteria filter in a monolithic design. An external sensor unit is connected to a data acquisition/control unit. The system integrates its own biological life support. The CO2 exhaled by the consumers (fishes, snails, microorganisms) is assimilated by water plants (Ceratophyllum demersum) which provide them with oxygen. The products of biomass degradation and excretion (mainly ammonia ions) are converted by bacteria into nitrite and nitrate. The latter is taken up by the plants as a nitrogen source together with other ions like phosphate. The plants convert light energy into chemical energy and their illumination is regulated via the oxygen concentration in the water by the control unit. In ground laboratory tests the system exhibited biological stability up to three month. The buffer capacity of the biological filter system is high enough to eliminate the degradation products of about one half of the dead animal biomass as shown in a "crash test". A test series using the laboratory model of the flight hardware demonstrated the biological stability and technical reliability with mission-identical loading and test duration. A comprehensive biological research program is established for the C.E.B.A.S. MINI-MODULE in which five German and three U.S.-American universities as well as the Russian Academy of Sciences are involved.     

C.E.B.A.S. MINI MODULE: test results of an artificial (man-made) aquatic ecosystem.

The original Closed Equilibrated Biological Aquatic System (C.E.B.A.S.) is a long-term multi-generation research facility for experiments with aquatic animals and plants in a space station the development of which is surrounded by a large international scientific program. In addition, a miniaturized laboratory prototype, the C.E.B.A.S. MINI MODULE, with a total volume of about 10-12 liters for a Spacelab middeck locker was developed and a first version was tested successfully for two weeks with a population of fishes (Xiphophorus helleri) in the animal tank and a Ceratophyllum spec. in the illuminated higher plant growth chamber. The water recycling system consisted of a bacteria filter and a mechanical filter and the silastic tubing gas exchanger was separated by valves for the utilization in emergency cases only. Data were collected with the acquisition module of the original C.E.B.A.S. process control system. In addition, an optimized version was tested for 7 weeks with fishes and plants and thereafter with fish and with plants only for 2 and 1 weeks, resp.. The paper presents the relevant water parameters (e.g., pH, pressure, temperature, oxygen saturation, flow rate, ion concentrations) during the test period as well as morphological and physiological data of the enclosed animals and plants. On the basis of the given results the possible role of the C.E.B.A.S. system as a scientific tool in artificial ecosystem research and for the development of a combined animal-plant intensive aquaculture system and its utilization in bioregenerative life support is discussed.     

Aquatic modules for bioregenerative life support systems: developmental aspects based on the space flight results of the C.E.B.A.S. MIN-MODULE.

The Closed Equilibrated Biological Aquatic System (C.E.B.A.S.) is an artificial aquatic ecosystem which contains teleost fishes, water snails, ammonia oxidizing bacteria and edible non-gravitropic water plants. It serves as a model for aquatic food production modules which are not seriously affected by microgravity and other space conditions. Its space flight version, the so-called C.E.B.A.S. MINI-MODULE was already successfully tested in the STS-89 and STS-90 (NEUROLAB) missions. It will be flown a third time in space with the STS-107 mission in January 2003. All results obtained so far in space indicate that the basic concept of the system is more than suitable to drive forward its development. The C.E.B.A.S. MINI-MODULE is located within a middeck locker with limited space for additional components. These technical limitations allow only some modifications which lead to a maximum experiment time span of 120 days which is not long enough for scientifically essential multi-generation-experiments. The first necessary step is the development of "harvesting devices" for the different organisms. In the limited space of the plant bioreactor a high biomass production leads to self-shadowing effects which results in an uncontrolled degradation and increased oxygen consumption by microorganisms which will endanger the fishes and snails. It was shown already that the latter reproduce excellently in space and that the reproductive functions of the fish species are not affected. Although the parent-offspring-cannibalism of the ovoviviparous fish species (Xiphophorus helleri) serves as a regulating factor in population dynamics an uncontrolled snail reproduction will also induce an increased oxygen consumption per se and a high ammonia concentration in the water. If harvesting locks can be handled by astronauts in, e. g., 4-week intervals their construction is not very difficult and basic technical solutions are already developed. The second problem is the feeding of the animals. Although C.E.B.A.S.-based aquaculture modules are designed to be closed food loop systems (edible herbivorous fish species and edible water plants) which are already verified on Earth this will not be possible in space without devices in which the animals are fed from a food storage. This has to be done at least once daily which would waste too much crew time when done by astronauts. So, the development of a reliable automated food dispenser has highest priority. Also in this case basic technical solutions are already elaborated. The paper gives a comprehensive overview of the proposed further C.E.B.A.S.-based development of longer-term duration aquatic food production modules.     

V.L.A. observations of flare build-up in coronal loops

Very Large Array (V.L.A.) measurements at 20 cm wavelength map emission from coronal loops with second-of-arc angular resolution at time intervals as short as 3.3 seconds. The total intensity of the 20 cm emission describes the evolution and structure of the hot plasma that is detected by satellite X-ray observations of coronal loops. The circular polarization of the 20 cm emission describes the evolution, strength and structure of the coronal magnetic field. Preburst heating and magnetic changes that precede burst emission on time scales of between 1 and 30 minutes are discussed. Simultaneous 20 cm and soft X-ray observations indicate an electron temperature $\text{T}{}_{\mathrm{e}}\textcolor{red}{}\text{2.5 × 10}{}^7\text{K}$ and electron density $\text{N}{}_{\mathrm{e}}\textcolor{red}{}\text{10}{}^{10}\text{cm}{}^{\mathrm{?3}}$ during preburst heating in a coronal loop that was also associated with twisting of the entire loop in space. We also discuss the successive triggering of bursts from adjacent coronal loops; highly polarized emission from the legs of loops with large intensity changes over a 32 MHz change in observing frequency; and apparent motions of hot plasma within coronal loops at velocities V > 2,000 kilometerspersecond.     

美国的战斧巡航导弹

3月19日,美英法三国开始对利比亚实行军事打击。在当天进行的空袭行动中,部署在地中海的美军和英军军舰与潜艇就向利比亚首都的黎波里郊区和东部城市米苏拉塔等地发射了110多枚战斧巡航导弹,袭击了20多处防空设施和民事目标。在随后的几天里,每天又都发射了一批这种导弹。截止到4月1日,美军共发射了221枚、英军共发射了7枚战斧巡航导弹。那么,战斧巡航导弹究竞