火箭弹电动舵机模糊单神经元PID控制算法

针对制导火箭弹电动式舵机,为提高其响应速度和精度,文章在模糊PID控制基础上,提出了模糊单神经元PID控制方法。首先,建立了火箭弹舵机系统模型;然后,将模糊推理、单神经元自学习算法和PID控制相结合,建立智能控制系统,以实现对舵机输入指令的精确、快速响应。经仿真实验表明:在此智能控制下,舵机位置在阶跃响应的调节时间、超调量以及正弦跟踪上相对于传统模糊PID控制均得到有效改进,具有良好的动静态性能、自适应性和稳定性。     

基于滑模变结构和扩张状态观测器的电动舵机复合控制方法

为提高电动舵机伺服系统的鲁棒性,同时解决实际工作中电动舵机不确定负载引起的跟踪精度低的问题,提出了一种采用指数趋近率的滑模变结构控制率结合扩张状态观测器对负载扰动进行实时估计的电动舵机的伺服控制方法,给出了控制器设计方法和试验验证。仿真和试验结果表明,与常规的滑模控制器相比,采用扩张状态观测器的变结构控制能有效提高电动舵机的跟踪性能。     

扩张状态观测器在无人机纵向飞行控制中的应用

针对在设计无人机控制律时存在未建模动态和不确定扰动的特点,将未建模动态和不确定扰动视为综合扰动,引入扩张状态观测器对综合扰动项进行估计并补偿,设计出不依赖对象模型的改进PID控制器.仿真结果表明,该控制器在控制量品质、动态性能、稳态精度等方面都优于常规PID控制器.     

基于扩张状态观测器的再入弹头控制系统设计

为了提高非自旋再入弹头的变质心控制系统的鲁棒性,采用滑模控制方法设计了变质心控制系统中的控制器。为了使控制系统设计简单,将弹头俯仰通道和偏航通道之间的耦合作用以及外界干扰综合为汇总不确定量,并采用扩张状态观测器进行估计和补偿。扩张状态观测器引入到滑模控制器中,从而发展了一种基于扩张状态观测器的滑模控制器。对弹头的变质心控制系统进行了仿真分析,仿真结果表明,所设计的控制器能够有效地补偿汇总不确定量的影响,使控制系统输出快速而准确地跟踪上指令信号。     

自抗扰控制技术在电动舵系统中的应用

针对无刷直流电机驱动的位置伺服系统,介绍了其自抗扰控制器设计的基本思路与实现过程。通过扩张状态观测器的动态补偿提高了电动舵机的鲁棒性,同时对系统闭环特性进行了分析,并对结果进行了仿真计算与实验研究,最后给出了自抗扰控制技术在快速响应电动舵机中的应用结果。     

基于模糊神经网络的智能PID控制算法

舵机控制系统存在响应速度慢、抗干扰能力差、系统参数不易整定、现有控制技术与设计方法的局限性等问题,这些问题影响了舵机的性能。为了提高制导火箭弹舵机伺服控制系统的性能,文章从舵机智能控制技术出发,研究了舵机的智能控制算法和Simulink系统仿真模型,采用模糊神经网络PID控制器来提高舵机的稳定性。仿真结果表明,模糊神经网络相比其他控制器进一步提升了舵机控制系统的控制效果。     

基于MPC和ESO的无人直升机姿态控制

针对无人直升机在干扰下的姿态跟踪问题,提出了一种基于模型预测控制(MPC)和扩张状态观测器(ESO)的复合控制器。首先,对存在扰动的无人直升机姿态通道进行建模;然后,设计了一种模型预测控制器完成无人直升机的姿态跟踪控制,同时,构造扩张状态观测器对姿态模型控制输入进行补偿,实时估计风扰动等外力影响;最后,通过阵风干扰下的仿真试验,验证了所设计控制器的有效性。飞行试验表明,相比于传统PID控制,所设计的MPC-ESO控制器跟踪精度高、响应速度快、抗扰能力强,具有较好的工程应用价值。     

磁悬浮球系统的一种非线性控制方法研究

介绍了磁悬浮球系统的数学模型,并构造了一种非线性状态观测器;其次,设计了一种非线性PID控制器对误差进行控制;最后,应用MATLAB工具对闭环系统进行了仿真。仿真结果表明,该非线性PID控制器可以改善系统响应的品质,实现快速无超调调节效果,并且控制器的参数可以在较大范围变化,具有较强的鲁棒性。     

基于PID和LESO的无人机控制

针对四旋翼无人机控制模型耦合程度高、非线性关系复杂,设计了一种基于PID和LESO的控制方法,选取无人机的某个状态变量作为控制量,通过简化模型对状态变量进行解耦控制,进而在控制系统中加入线性扩张状态观测器(LESO),提高模型的抗干扰能力。通过仿真和实际飞行与传统PID方法进行比较,充分验证了自抗扰控制(ADRC)在无人机飞行控制中具有鲁棒性强、精度高、易于实现等特点。     

基于非线性抗扰滑模控制的永磁同步电机直接转矩控制

针对永磁同步电机(PMSM)内部参数不确定和外部干扰未知的问题,提出了一种基于非线性光滑扩张状态观测器(ESO)的非线性控制方法。通过引入非线性光滑函数设计了ESO,实现了对PMSM内部和外部不确定因素的观测,并把观测结果实时补偿给非线性控制器,有效提高了电机的动静态性能和抗扰能力。采用基于非线性光滑函数的滑模控制器替代传统直接转矩控制中的滞环控制器,有效地削弱了转矩和磁链的抖振和脉动。仿真结果表明所提方法响应速度快、稳定性好、抗扰能力强,是一种鲁棒性强的控制方法。     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.     

Preparation of Highly Dispersed Antimony-doped Tin Oxide Nano-powder via Ion-exchange Hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 and Azeotropic Drying

Antimony-doped tin hydroxide colloid precipitates have been synthesized by hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 using: (1) an ion-exchange hydrolysis to remove chlorine ions, and (2) isoamyl acetate as an azeotropic solvent to obviate water. The obtained dried powder is of high dispersivity without any need for further grinding. The size and dispersivity of the final particles are investigated with the aid of TG-DTA, BET, XRD and TEM. After having calcined, the antimony-doped tin oxide nanopowder possesses a tetragonal rutile structure with high dispersivity, uniform particles and low hard agglomeration.     

Effects of Mo on the Microstructure and Hydrogen Sorption Properties of Ti-Mo Getters

The effects of Mo on the microstructure evolution, porosity and hydrogen sorption properties of Ti-Mo getters are investigated in this work. The results show that the addition of Mo prolongs the densification process of Ti-Mo getters and results in a significant amount of sintered pores. With the Mo content increasing, the porosity of getters firstly increases reaching the maximum value as it at- tains about 7.5wt.%, and then drops. At the room temperature, the hydrogen sorption property of getters increases progressively with the Mo content increasing, but the tendency is not very clear before its content lies below 2.5wt.%. When the Mo content achieves about 7.5wt.%, the hydrogen sorption property proves to be the best. The discussion is made about the above mentioned phenomena inclusive of hydrogen sorption properties of getters under different activation conditions (from 500-750 ℃).     

超声速燃烧数值模拟中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型

高精度数值模拟有助于理解超声速湍流燃烧中湍流与化学反应的相互作用,可为发动机燃烧室等工程应用设计提供可靠的预测模型。除直接数值模拟外,目前在湍流燃烧应用中使用的大涡模拟和雷诺平均Navier-Stokes模拟均需要借助模型模化发生在湍流小尺度上的流动与化学反应过程对湍流大尺度运动的影响。现有的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型大致可分为:火焰面类模型和概率密度函数类模型,2类模型在不同的应用中各自具有优势和局限性。此外,现有模型大都基于低马赫数燃烧,而超声速燃烧中通常会伴随快速混合、局部熄火和再着火以及激波等复杂过程,这为发展其中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型提出了更多的挑战。     

适于低轨卫星IP网络的单核共享树组播算法(英文)

为了解决低轨卫星IP网络中现有典型源组播算法的信道资源浪费问题,本文提出了一套单核共享树组播算法,即核心群合并共享树(CCST)和加权核心群合并共享树(w-CCST)算法。CCST 算法包括动态近似中心(DAC)选核方法和核心群合并组播路径构建方法。DAC方法专为周期、规律运动的低轨卫星网络提出,不需要复杂的星上计算。在核心群合并方法中,以核节点作为初始核心群,通过核心群和剩余组成员的最短路径方法逐步扩展直至整棵组播树构建完成,从而使得组播树的树代价最小,大大提高了网络的带宽利用率和组播传输效率。w-CCST 算法中所提出的加权因子可以调整树代价和端到端传播时延之间的折衷程度,因此,可以通过调整加权因子来适度增大树代价、降低端到端传播时延以支持某些端到端时延要求苛刻的实时组播业务。最后,与低轨卫星 IP 网络中典型算法进行了性能比较,仿真结果说明,CCST 算法的平均树代价比其它算法显著降低,w-CCST 算法的平均端到端传播时延小于 CCST 算法。     

Jet Vectoring Control Using a Novel Synthetic Jet Actuator

A primary air jet vectoring control system with a novel synthetic jet actuator (SJA) is presented and simulated numerically. The results show that, in comparison with an existing traditional synthetic jet actuator, which is able to perform the duty of either “push” or “pull”, one novel synthetic jet actuator can fulfill both “push” and “pull” functions to vector the primary jet by shifting a slide block inside it. Therefore, because the new actuator possesses greater efficiency, it has potentiality to replace the existing one in various appli- cations, such as thrust vectoring and the reduction of thermal signature. Moreover, as the novel actuator can fulfill those functions that the existing one can not, it may well be expected to popularize it into more flow control systems.     

Nonlinear Adaptive Slewing Motion Control of Spacecraft Truss Driven by Synchronous V-gimbaled CMG Precession

The slewing motion control of a truss arm driven by a V-gimbaled control-moment-gyro (CMG) is a nonlinear control problem. The V-gimbaled CMG consists of a pair of gyros that must precess synchronously. The moment of inertia of the system, the angular momentum of the gyros and the external disturbances are not exactly known. With the help of feedback linearization and recursive Lyapunov design method, an adaptive nonlinear controller is designed to deal with the unknown items. Performance of the proposed controller is verified by simulation.     

An SOR Implicit Time-accurate Scheme in Calculating Unsteady Flows

A new time-accurate marching scheme for unsteady flow calculations is proposed in the present work. This method is the combination of classical Successive Over-Relaxation (SOR) iteration method and Jacobian matrix diagonally dominant splitting method of LUSGS. One advantage of this algorithm is the second-order accuracy because of no factorization error. Another advantage is the low computational cost because the Jacobian matrices and fluxes are only calculated once in each physical time step. And, the SOR algorithm has better convergence property than Gauss-Seidel. To investigate its accuracy and convergency, several unsteady flow computa- tional tests are carried out by using the proposed SOR algorithm. Roe’s FDS scheme is used to discritize the inviscid flux terms. Un- steady computational results of SOR are compared with the experiment results and those of Gauss-Seidel. Results reveal that the numerical results agree well with the experimental data and the second-order accuracy can be obtained as the Gauss-Seidel for unsteady flow computations. The impact of SOR factor is investigated for unsteady computations by using different SOR factors in this algorithm to simulate each computational test. Different numbers of inner iterations are needed to converge to the same criterion for different SOR factors and optimal choice of SOR factor can improve the computational efficiency greatly.