基于FPGA的多通道ARINC429通信芯片的设计

ARINC429是一种在航空电子系统领域被广泛应用的总线标准。采用PFGA器件设计集成多路ARINC429通道的通信芯片,可以有效地提高数据通信模块的处理能力和集成度,并降低研制成本。本文提出了一种内置控制核和大容量缓存的多路通信芯片的设计原理,它采用基于FPGA的硬件方法;而FPGA设计采用的硬件语言是VHDL,实现平台是ALTERA的FLEX系列逻辑器件。这种设计方法已被验证对通信电路的研制是行之有效的。     

基于LabVIEW的超精密磨床嵌入式监控系统

针对超精密磨削机床的监控需求,基于NI–sbRIO硬件平台开发了一套应用于超精密磨床状态监测和数据采集的嵌入式监控系统,使用FPGA对温度、振动、声发射等信息进行实时数据采集,并使用实时处理器对数据进行分析和处理,实现对机床的实时状态监测和数据存储。通过FPGA编程取代硬件数据采集卡,成本低,灵活性强。试验表明,该系统能够胜任超精密磨床的监控任务。     

Radar Image Processing with Clusters of Computers

Some radar image processing algorithms such as shape-from-shading are particularly compute-intensive and time-consuming. If, in addition, a data set to be processed is large, then it may make sense to perform the processing of images on multiple workstations or parallel processing systems. We have implemented shape-from-shading, stereo matching, resampling, gridding, and visualization of terrain models in such a manner that they execute either on parallel machines or on clusters of workstations. We were motivated by the large image data set from NASA's Magellan mission to planet Venus, but received additional inspiration from the European Union's Center for Earth Observation program (CEO) and Austria's MISSION initiative for distributed processing of remote sensing images on remote workstations, using publicly-accessible algorithms. We developed a multi-processor approach that we denote as CDIP for Concurrent and Distributed Image Processing. The speedup for image processing tasks increases nearly linearly with the number of processors, be they on a parallel machine or arranged in a cluster of distributed workstations. Our approach adds benefits for users of complex image processing algorithms: the efforts for code porting and code maintenance are reduced and the necessity for specialized parallel processing hardware is eliminated.     

基于SOC的多轴稳定系统回路控制

围绕基于多通道信号处理与控制SOC芯片实现惯性平台系统典型控制回路,进行了设计方法、流程及最终实现结果的阐述.首先,依据平台系统的要求制定系统工作流程;之后根据硬件资源进行各工作流程的分配和调整;再进行数据采集处理、算法实现、过程数据处理、PWM输出处理、其他输出量处理;最终通过功率级将电信号传输给平台上的执行元件,实现平台系统四条典型控制回路.此方法能够适应多种算法和系统需求,可实现自主化、小型化,且功耗小、可靠性高.     

基于MPC8640D处理系统的技术研究

结合多年嵌入式处理的设计经验,借鉴国外高性能嵌入式计算机的设计原则,提出基于MPC8640D的新一代处理系统的设计与实现方法,其特点是:高集成度,双核的高处理速度,高速外部串行总线接口,大容量存储器。基于该设计的处理器模块已经开始用于机载电子设备中。     

嵌入式数字信号并行处理技术研究

推动嵌入式数字信号并行处理技术发展主要涉及三个领域的技术:处理器技术、系统的拓扑结构和互连协议。对三项关键技术相关领域技术发展的内容、技术优缺点、技术应用和发展趋势进行了分析。以此为基础,提出了某嵌入式数字信号并行处理模块的设计实现方案。系统具有高速信号处理能力、高速数据传输能力、互连拓扑结构灵活、易扩展、支持容错/重构等特性。     

基于GPU指令转发的虚拟化图形引擎设计及实现

为了满足机载座舱显控系统对图形引擎的性能要求，设计了一种基于半虚拟化的机载图形引擎实现方案，并在嵌入式平台上进行实现和测试.结果表明采用本文设计的虚拟化图形引擎，可以满足多个虚拟机同时使用GPU进行绘制的需求的同时，可以有效发挥多核CPU的性能,在提高了产品集成度的同时，显著提升了机载图形应用的性能。     

Application of a Highly Parallel Processor to Radar Data Processing

The application of a highly parallel computer known as PEPE (Parallel Element Processing Ensemble) to radar data processing is described. The PEPE computer consists of a large number of identical processing elements which operate in parallel and are controlled by a common control unit. Each of the processing elements is assigned to a particular radar target such that many targets can be tracked in parallel. PEPE is designed to augment a conventional computer rather than to stand alone. The total data processing load associated with a radar tracking system is distributed between PEPE and the sequential machine in a manner than maximizes the overall system efficiency and desensitizes the system performance to fluctuations in traffic levels. The use of PEPE provides very high data processing throughput potential to a radar data processing system.     

基于Windows平台的嵌入式仿真适配技术研究

嵌入式操作系统因其强大的实时性能而被广泛采用,特别是在需要实时通信和任务处理的大型系统中。然而嵌入式操作系统的高价格和不友好的用户界面限制了应用范围。作为一种发展趋势,在通用桌面操作系统(如Windows和Linux)上构建实时应用程序、充分利用其友好的图形用户界面、具备良好的多任务处理性能和出色的硬件兼容性对提高普通桌面操作系统的实时性具有重要意义。在Windows系统上进行实时扩展,以改进其调度和任务处理兼容性。实验结果表明,该扩展对任务处理有很好的效果,可满足应用程序的实时性要求。     

基于FPGA的雷达信号模拟、采集与处理系统

介绍了基于FPGA设计并实现了一种雷达信号模拟、采集与处理的系统。系统主要由计算机和带有双路高速A/D和双路高速D/A的信号处理卡组成。信号处理卡以FPGA为核心控制与处理芯片,主要完成雷达信号模拟、雷达信号处理和雷达信号采集等功能,与计算机通讯使用USB2.0接口,采用数据抽取、坐标查表映射和DirectDraw等技术在计算机显示器上以P显和A显方式进行实时显示。该系统提供在线配置功能,用户可通过USB接口对FPGA程序进行配置或升级,无须专用配置芯片,简化了电路板设计,提高了系统的灵活性。     

机载嵌入式可重构信号处理系统设计

为使机载嵌入式信号处理系统性能更加均衡,更好地适应机载嵌入式环境,在比较三种传统的机栽信号处理系统架构的基础上,提出了一种系统可伸缩、功能可重构的信号处理系统架构,并分析了其系统特性和关键技术。从可编程能力、处理性能、通用性以及可扩展性等方面比较了三种信号处理系统架构,结果表明:可重构信号处理系统架构具有较强的综合性能,能更好地满足机载嵌入式应用的需求。     

基于MiniGUI的嵌入式电加工数控系统图形界面设计

首先介绍将MiniGUI应用于嵌入式数控电加工系统硬件平台组成和软件操作系统的选择,概括了所采用的图形支持系统MiniGUI的性能特点、体系结构及程序开发方法,然后给出了该系统界面的设计框架,最后对参数设置,数控程序界面,加工显示等功能模块设计进行了说明.实验表明,系统具有界面友好,实时性好,可靠性高等特点.     

自适应驯服铷钟的实现

介绍了时统设备中驯服铷钟的工作原理和硬件的具体实现电路,以及单片机的嵌入式软件设计方法和数据处理方法。     

基于VxWorks的末制导雷达通用信号处理平台设计

通用的雷达信号处理平台在中断响应、数据传输等方面对系统的实时性和可靠性要求较高,在设计时有必要采用高性能的实时操作系统,同时采用PCI总线来保证高速的数据传输。为此,基于实时操作系统VxWorks,以高性能微处理器PowerPC7457为核心,采用PCI总线机制,借鉴软件模块化思想,构建了通用的雷达信号处理平台。可用于信号处理算法的开发验证,具有较高的实时性和扩展性。     

Robust space-time adaptive processing for airborne radar in nonhomogeneous clutter environments

Space-time adaptive processing (STAP) holds tremendous potential for the new generation airborne surveillance radar, in which the phased array antennas and pulse Doppler processing mode are adopted. A new STAP approach using the multiple-beam and multiple Doppler channels is presented here for airborne phased array radar. The approach with space-time multiple-beam (STMB) architecture is robust to array errors and has very low system degrees of freedom (DOFs). Hence, it has low sample support requirement and it is very suitable for the practical planar phased array radar under nonhomogeneous clutter environments. Meanwhile, a new nonhomogeneous detector (NHD) based on the correlation dimension (CD) is also proposed here, which is used as an effective method to screen tracing data prior to detection processing. It can further improve the performance of the STAP approach in the severely nonhomogeneous clutter environments. Therefore, a scheme that incorporates the correlation dimension nonhomogeneity detector (CD-NHD) with the STMB is recommended, which we term CD-NHD-STMB. The experimental simulation results indicate that: 1) the STMB processor is robust to array element error and has high performance under nonhomogeneous clutter environments; 2) the CD-NHD is also effective on the nonhomogeneous clutter. As a result, the CD-NHD-STMB scheme is robust to array element error and nonhomogeneous clutter, and therefore available for airborne phased array radar applications.     

高性能流场并行粒子追踪数据管理系统

随着当下计算能力和存储性能的提升,流场数据产出的规模越来越庞大,针对流场数据的可视化应用对于硬件及软件算法的要求也随之提高。基于国家数值风洞（NNW）工程支持,主导设计并开发了高性能流场并行粒子追踪数据管理系统,帮助用户探索和分析大规模流场数据。该系统针对流场数据提供多种高效的数据管理方法,在超算集群上针对并行粒子追踪过程进行了数据预取优化与负载均衡优化。对于粒子追踪过程中产生的流线（或迹线）及进程工作记录数据,该系统支持用户在本地平台上进行性能诊断和分析。使用不同流场数据集开展的两个应用实例验证了该系统的有效性。     

一种嵌入式软件覆盖和分析测试方法

如何进行嵌入式软件的覆盖测试和性能测试,是嵌入式软件测试工程师较为关心的热点问题之一。介绍了一种基于PowerPc755目标板的嵌入式软件覆盖和分析测试方法。方法借助于嵌入式软件测试工具TestBed和实时硬件数据采集工具RTInsight,搭建了嵌入式软件动态测试平台,并在该嵌入式软件动态测试平台上进行了覆盖测试和性能测试,同时给出了相关的覆盖率测试和时间性能测试的测试结果。     

The Series 320 Radar: Three-Dimensional Air Surveillance for the 1980s

Air surveillance radars for this decade will be required to provide reliable target location and trajectory information in height as well as the conventional geographical coordinates. These threedimensional radars will perform this task in spite of adverse environmental conditions such as ground, airborne clutter, and electromagnetic interference. The use of powerful false-alarm control processing allows automatic target detection and remoting of target information without overloading central processing capabilities. The technological evolution of the past decade has allowed sophisticated analysis, antenna/receiver/transmitter design, and signal/data processing techniques to be applied to the next generation of practical production radar systems. These radars will meet more severe performance requirements and will be significantly improved in terms of reliability, maintainability, and life cycle cost considerations. A candidate radar to fulfill the air surveillance role of this decade is the Series 320 radar manufactured by ITT Gilfillan.     

基于FPGA的高清CCD视频信号预处理电路的设计

在高清CCD图像传感器KAI-2093和视频信号处理芯片AD9847工作原理的基础上,设计了高清CCD成像系统视频信号处理电路。选用FPGA器件作为硬件设计载体,使用VHDL语言对AD9847的初始化配置和驱动时序发生器进行了硬件描述。采用ISE10．1软件对所做的设计进行了功能仿真。仿真结果表明,所研制的高清CCD视频信号处理电路不仅可以满足高清CCD成像系统视频处理的要求,而且性能可靠,使用灵活。     

Radar Handbook, 3rd Edition (M.I. Skolnik, Ed; 2008) [Book Review]

Thirty eight radar experts contribute to this edition, which includes six completely new chapters on the following topics: ground penetrating radar; remote sensing with radar on satellites; multifunctional radar systems for fighter aircraft (MFAR); digital signal processing for radar; civil marine radar; and propagation. Each chapter contains references, ranging from 10 to 197, with a median of 71. The index runs 18 pages printed in double columns, but is not necessarily complete. Some topics, such as MIMO radar and long range radars to track satellites and ballistic missiles, will have to wait for a 4th edition. This text is the most authoritative, broadest, and deepest single volume on radar. The emphasis is on real world performance and real hardware that has been tested and works successfully in the real world, and the physics relevant to radar systems, as well as radar system engineering cost tradeoffs.