先进复合材料在未来飞行器中的应用

复合材料在飞行器结构中的用量已经成为航空航天结构的先进性标志之一,其优越的综合性能非常适应未来飞行器的发展趋势.文章概述了先进复合材料在航空航天结构应用中的主要发展历程,结合未来飞行器的发展趋势,预测了先进复合材料在未来飞行器运用中可能带来的新挑战新机遇.     

航空经济学及面向价值的飞机设计理论与实践

全球化的市场竞争是商用飞机产业的重要特征之一,对安全性、舒适性、经济性和环保性指标的不断追求推动着技术的不断进步及产业链的全球化发展。在飞机设计中,对经济性的考虑在航空技术和型号发展中的作用越来越突出,也是中国航空产业发展面临的重大挑战因素之一。在新技术研发决策及其在型号中的应用中,经济性考虑始终是决策的关键因素,本文综述航了空经济学的研究范畴和主要分析方法,及其对飞机概念设计、结构设计和系统选择等主要决策的影响,面向价值的设计理论和方法在飞机设计中的实践。希望本文的发表可以促进航空经济学的发展,相关方法可以在型号设计的最优综合评价中发挥作用,实现涵盖时间成本在内的综合评价指标最优的方案。可以预期,航空经济学的发展有助于提升中国航空制造业在竞争越来越激烈的全球航空产业链中的竞争力。     

Advanced developments in NiH2 Dependent Pressure Vessel(DPV) cell and battery technology

The Dependent Pressure Vessel (DPV) Nickel-Hydrogen (NiH₂ ) design is being developed by Eagle-Picher Industries, Inc. (EPI) as an advanced battery for military and commercial, aerospace and terrestrial applications. The DPV cell design offers high specific energy and energy density as well as reduced cost, while retaining the established Individual Pressure Vessel (IPV) technology flight heritage and database. This advanced DPV design also offers a more efficient mechanical, electrical and thermal cell and battery configuration and a reduced parts count. The DPV battery design promotes compact, minimum volume packaging and weight efficiency, and delivers cost and weight savings with minimal design risks     

Mission/flight systems integration study: a long-term electronicsplanning project

The objective of the Mission/Flight System Integration Study (M/FSIS) is to identify the requirements and development objectives for electronics systems technologies and conceptual architectures in future weapon system applications (in and around the year 2005), based on analyses of future missions, threats, scenarios, aerospace system concepts, and technology trends. The products are substantiated requirements for future electronics functions, systems, and architecture; technology development objectives and roadmaps; and conceptual electronics architectures and functional definitions. The study outputs will serve to guide laboratory technology development planning and programs; guide weapon system program office long-range electronics planning; illustrate user needs in terms of electronics requirements; and guide air logistics center weapon-system master planning     

The future of transportation systems

The emergence of a world-wide duopoly in the design and production of large commercial aircraft at the end of the 1990s and cutbacks in aerospace and defense has put significant pressure on the number of avionics manufacturers. A similar duopoly exists very nearly for US military aircraft. In 1999, mergers created two large avionic suppliers in the USA. European avionics suppliers have also been consolidating. At worst, these larger entities will have a negative effect upon US aerospace employment, and further discourage the best and brightest engineers. Commuter and general aviation, where competition still reigns (more than ten manufacturers exist in 2000), may lead the avionics charge into the future     

航天材料工程学内涵及其体系构建

为应对空间特殊服役环境,航天材料研制、保证和使用单位已在材料设计、材料加工、材料评价和材料使用方面开展了大量工作。在此基础上,本文首先对我国航天材料的选型要求进行了分析,接着对航天材料、航天材料飞行试验、空间材料科学、航天材料空间环境适应性等概念进行了辨析,并提出了航天材料工程学的概念,进而对航天材料工程的各个组成部分的关联性进行了阐述。最后,为满足未来空间技术发展需求,在总结和借鉴国内外航天材料工程发展经验的基础上,从规划、研发、试(实)验、评价、选用、数据服务等角度,设计构建了具有航天领域特色的航天材料工程体系。     

铝锂合金超塑成形/扩散连接技术研究进展

轻量化材料与结构是现代航空航天工业的发展方向。铝锂合金密度小,比强度、比弹性模量高,是理想的航空航天材料。采用超塑成形/扩散连接工艺成形的空心夹层结构零件具有整体性好、设计自由度大、成形精度高、无残余应力等优点,而且能够大幅减重、降低成本,广泛应用于航空航天领域。针对航空航天领域对新一代复杂多层结构件整体化和轻量化的迫切需求,回顾了国内外铝锂合金的发展历程,介绍了国内外铝锂合金超塑成形、扩散连接以及超塑成形/扩散连接组合技术的发展现状及其在航空航天领域的应用,指出铝锂合金表面致密稳定氧化膜是阻碍其扩散连接接头质量提升的瓶颈问题,讨论去除铝锂合金表面的氧化层以及防止新的氧化层再生的相关工艺与机理,最后展望了铝锂合金超塑成形/扩散连接技术在航空航天领域的应用前景以及未来研究方向。     

高熵热障涂层陶瓷材料研究进展

随着军事和科技的发展,热障涂层应用技术已成为现代国防尖端技术中最重要的技术之一.而高熵热障涂层陶瓷材料具有高温相稳定性、超低热导率、耐腐蚀性强、热膨胀系数和断裂韧性较高等优点,可为高温合金基底提供良好的热防护,在航空航天、航海和核能等领域有重要的应用前景.对国内外已报道的高熵热障涂层陶瓷候选材料进行系统性分类总结,重点...     

WSN在航天器参量监测和多导弹作战中应用

与日益成熟的无线通信技术相比,传统的有线线缆监测与通信逐渐显现出其缺点与不足.无线传感器网络(WSN)技术的出现为航空航天设备间的通信、各种参量的监测、多武器信息共享与协同作战等开辟了一种新的无线思路.讨论了无线技术应用于航空航天的发展趋势,结合WSN理论,分析了WSN技术在未来航空航天领域应用的可行性,并以航天器内环境参量监测及数据传输、多导弹信息共享与协同作战为例,给出WSN技术在未来航空航天上的应用模型.WSN技术在未来航空航天上的成功应用将进一步推进其智能化发展.     

Review on signal-by-wire and power-by-wire actuation for more electric aircraft

The huge and rapid progress in electric drives offers new opportunities to improve the performances of aircraft at all levels:fuel burn,environmental footprint,safety,integration and production,serviceability,and maintainability.Actuation for safety-critical applications like flight-controls,landing gears,and even engines is one of the major consumers of non-propulsive power.Conventional actuation with centralized hydraulic power generation and distribution and control of power by throttling has been well established for decades,but offers a limited potential of evolution.In this context,electric drives become more and more attractive to remove the natural drawbacks of conventional actuation and to offer new opportunities for improving performance.This paper takes the stock,at both the signal and power levels,of the evolution of actuation for safety-critical applications in aerospace.It focuses on the recent advances and the remaining chal lenges to be taken toward full electrical actuation for commercial and military aircraft,helicopters,and launchers.It logically starts by emphasizing the specificity of safety-critical actuation for aero space.The following section addresses in details the evolution of aerospace actuation from mechanically-signaled and hydraulically-supplied to all electric,with special emphasis on research and development programs and on solutions entered into service.Finally,the last section reviews the challenges to be taken to generalize the use of all-electric actuators for future aircraft programs.     

Reliability comparison of matrix and other converter topologies

Several rectifier-inverter and matrix converter topologies suitable for aerospace applications are compared, and their reliability is predicted. The military handbook MIL-HDBK-217F guidelines have been used to predictreliability. The matrix converter has several attractive features for aerospace applications such as potential size and weight savings. Although the matrix converter has a higher number of semiconductor switches, they are subjected to a lower voltage stress, which decreases their failure rate. This results in the reliability indicators of the different converter topologies being very similar     

智能结构的发展和应用

综述了国外智能结构的发展和应用,简要介绍了几种用于智能结构的致动器,预测了国外这一技术未来在航空航天领域中的应用,以及这一技术的发展趋势。     

航空航天新型电机发展及应用分析

近几年随着航空航天领域的不断发展,对航空航天用电机的要求也在不断提高,随之便产生了一批新型电机.其中,比较具有代表性的有超声波电机、磁悬浮电机、开关磁阻电机,分别对这三种电机进行了概念以及原理的表述.接下来分析了这三种电机的优缺点以及其分类方式,并评价了其研究现状以及应用领域.最后着重总结了这三种新型电机在航空航天领域的应用,并对其发展进行展望.     

Spacecraft engineering and research at Saint Louis University

Parks College of Engineering and Aviation of Saint Louis University [1i] has a tradition of offering an outstanding aerospace engineering education to prepare students at the undergraduate and graduate level for careers in commercial aviation, defense systems, and space systems fields. Courses are offered across the engineering spectrum (aerospace, electrical and computer engineering, and physics departments) ranging from an introduction to aerospace engineering to spacecraft design, spacecraft communications, and space physics. Students participate in courses that include orbital mechanics, space dynamics, spacecraft engineering, and space systems. Senior capstone project work is also included. A separate Astronautics Engineering track as well as a Minor in Space Systems Engineering for non-aerospace engineering students is currently being developed. A, number of student-driven space systems projects are in process that involve design, development, and test of small satellites similar to those recently highlighted in the March 2009 Systems article entitled The First one Hundred University-Class Spacecraft 1981 - 2008. Reference [4] identifies student spacecraft launched over the past 27 years.     

Impact of aerospace on computers

Electronics and computers have long been associated with aviation, defense and aerospace. Many aerospace advances would have been impossible without digital computers, and digital computers would not have progressed as rapidly without aerospace. In some sense you may thank aerospace for the computer on your desk and Internet in your life. DoD and NASA programs drove computer technology for the first 25 years, but in the 80s the primary thrust transitioned to the commercial sector. Aerospace computation requirements have driven the development of many electronic components such as transistors, ICs and memory technology. Advances in memory technology progressed from delay lines to electrostatic tubes to magnetic cores and now solid-state memory. As the need for number crunching grew, computers transitioned from batch processing, time-sharing, real-time computing, networking to the ubiquitous PC and Internet. How far is it from your hand-held PDA to the nano computer?     

CMC在航天领域的应用

论述了陶瓷基复合材料在航天领域的研究与应用,主要从陶瓷基复合材料的优势特点、制备方法、国内外研究进展以及CMC在航天型号产品上应用需要突破的难点和技术关键等五个方面进行了详细论述和介绍,提出了发展趋势和研究方向.     

氰酸酯树脂在宇航复合材料中的应用

氰酸酯树脂是一种新型高性能宇航复合材料树脂基体。本文介绍了氰酸酯树脂的种类,聚合机理,性能特点及应用概况。重点综述了氰酸酯树脂基复合材料在宇航电子设备用的高性能印刷电路板,宇航结构部件,隐身材料,雷达罩和人造卫星等方面的应用情况和发展方向。     

Reliable electro-mechanical actuators in aircraft

There is a general trend in the aerospace industry toward increasing the use of electrically-powered equipment. This trend is usually referred to as "Power-by-Wire" in the "More Electric Aircraft" (MEA) concept and it leads, among others, to the substitution of hydraulic actuators by Electro-Mechanical Actuators (EMA). Its benefits are a decrease in maintenance effort and weight, and an increase in efficiency. However, jamming case obstacles stop the massive use of EMAs in flight-control actuators. The aim herein is to introduce the safety needs of electro-mechanical actuators in aircraft applications, and Its major goal is to present the suitability and reliability of such actuator systems, including electric motors and power converters.     

以空间作战为目标的航天测控发展对策研究

未来空间作战对航天测控提出了更高的要求。介绍了航天测控与空间作战的关系,分析了未来空间作战对航天测控的需求,并通过对我国航天测控网现状和不足的分析,提出了相应的航天测控发展对策,以使航天测控的发展能够适应未来空间作战的要求。