两税合并及其影响解析

两税合并的出台,经历了十余年的酝酿,这既是我国经济发展的内在要求,也是促进公平竞争的必要手段。内外税负“双轨制”的存在虽然能在改革开放初期吸引外资,推动我国经济的发展,有其合理性,但从市场经济体制的基本要求来看,“双轨制”不应当,也不可能长期存在。更何况经过二十多年的发展,中国的市场经济环境发生了巨大变化,已从单纯地吸引外资数量发展为全面考虑外资质地,因此“两税合并”不仅不会影响招商引资,相反会促进外资结构的优化和升级。对国内企业而言,“两税合并”有利于减轻税负,提高竞争力,减少“返程投资”。因此,两税合并是一个“双赢”的选择。     

虚拟数控铣削加工几何仿真系统研究

数控加工仿真可以克服实物试切加工的弊端,为缩短产品开发周期、降低生产成本及提高企业的市场竞争力发挥重要作用。建立了几何仿真系统总体结构,对其中的几何仿真模块进行了深入研究,包括刀具实体建模、毛坯实体建模和刀具扫描体建模。并用计算机语言加以实现。利用本软件可以检查数控加工程序中的错误,以部分或者完全取消试切环节。     

Electrostatic field detectors, the seaside, and the desert wind?[PERIFELD-M security fence]

In the early 1960s, the first ideas were developed by leading companies in Germany to design an intrusion detection system following a capacitance measurement principle. In 1982, Siemens AG was the first company in this market which analysed all outdoor influences and recognised the essential problems which cause any classic capacitive or electrostatic detector to suffer from high unwanted false alarm rates. The result was that, already in 1984, a complete new peripheral hardware design, with a very high electrical and capacitive stability, was created by Siemens AG which remains state-of-the-art. Nevertheless, even if this high-grade material is installed, it can happen in certain cases that apparently invisible peripheral influences are the cause of important electrical effects. This paper describes a practical case experienced in 1999 where a coincidental combination of seaside conditions and a local desert wind strongly interfered in the physics of a capacitive electrostatic field detector     

Optimization and verification of single pilot operations model for commercial aircraft based on biclustering method

Commercial aircraft crews have experienced a trend from five-person crew to dual-pilot crew. Arised from both technological and market demands, Single Pilot Operations (SPO) is considered an important development direction in modern aviation technology. In this paper, starting from Dual-Pilot Operations (DPO), the piloting process, decision-making process and decision-making mode of DPO for commercial aircraft are studied to obtain the operational requirements of SPO. Then, based on above analysis, the operational mechanism of SPO is studied and the core technology of SPO mode is proposed. Next, a new closed frequent bicluster mining algorithm named FsCluster is proposed for the optimization of the SPO model, and the other efficient bicluster mining algorithm named TsCluster is proposed for the analysis and verification of the SPO model. Finally, a typical flight phase scenario is modelled by Magic System of System, and combined with the proposed algorithms for analysis and verification to determine whether the SPO mode can meet the DPO requirements.     

Reconstruction of mutilated speech

A system has been developed to enhance the quality of mutilated speech. A standard spectrogram analysis of the damaged speech is performed. The speech is then resynthesized as a sum of computer-generated sinusoids whose amplitudes and phases are derived partly from the given mutilated speech signal and partly from rules based on known properties of normal speech. The sinusoids selected are only approximate harmonics of the glottal pitch and are selected by a nonlinear, noncausal set of rules to reduce the nonspeech components in the synthesized speech output. The system has been shown to increase the quality of the mutilated speech appreciably     

航空公司航线市场份额研究

航空公司在某一市场上的份额受该公司在该市场提供的服务水平（产品质量）的影响，包括航班频率、票价、机型等。以利润的最大化为目标，分析航空公司根据其拥有的运力资源，在一条航线市场上为旅客提供适当质量的产品，以获取适当的市场份额。     

论提高驾驭社会主义市场经济的能力

市场经济是构建社会主义和谐社会的物质基础和组成部分,因此,提高驾驭市场经济能力极为重要.市场经济的可驾驭性与不可驾驭性的矛盾,是推动市场经济发展和提高驾驭能力的直接动力.只有从理论和实践两个方面,提高驾驭社会主义市场经济的能力,才能促进国民经济持续、健康发展,从而达到加快现代化建设和全面建成小康社会的目的.     

养老保险基金与资本市场

养老基金作为机构投资者在一个国家资本市场的发展中起着重要作用。而养老基金与资本市场之间的作用是相互的，一方面，养老基金对于资本市场的效率、结构、稳定性、金融创新、公司治理以及金融监管等产生了很重要的影响。另一方面，资本市场又让养老基金承担了它所具有的风险，并由此而迫使养老基金对自己的负债管理模式作出若干适应性的改变，并引出了投资管理的问题。     

中国中小企业发展环境分析与政府政策支持体系的构建

中小企业发展受市场环境和政策环境的双重制约,无论是从市场环境还是从政策环境来看,中国中小企业都需要政府政策的大力支持。政府支持中小企业发展本质上是对市场的干预行为,应当以最大限度弥补市场失灵和尽可能避免自身失灵为标准。因此,政府中小企业政策支持体系应当摆脱以往单纯从企业融资、技术支持等具体环节着手的政策路径,从宏观角度深入分析市场环境和政策环境,针对市场和政策两个方面存在的主要问题,有针对性地构建起符合中国国情的政策支持体系。     

Commercialization of advanced batteries

Mader & Associates has been working as a contractor for the South Coast Air Quality Management District (District) as well as domestic and off-shore battery developers for the past several years. During this period, it has performed various assessments of advanced battery technology as well as established the Advanced Battery Task Force. The following paper is Mader's view of the status of battery technologies that are competing for the electric vehicle (EV) market being established by the California Air Resources Board's Zero Emission Vehicle (ZEV) mandate. The ZEV market is being competed for by various advanced battery technologies. And, given the likelihood of modifications to the Mandate, the most promising technologies should capture the following market share during the initial 10 years: lead-acid-8.4%; nickel metal hydride-50.8%; sodium nickel chloride-7.8%; and lithium ion-33.0%. However, today there is much less certainty associated with EV market prediction due to changes in the ZEV regulations     

中国民航运输业缝隙市场竞争博弈分析

基于缝隙市场理论和博弈理论，新建了缝隙市场竞争博弈模型，分析了中国民航运输业在规制放松过程中不同市场结构下新航空公司和原在位航空公司之间的市场竞争行为，证明了新航空公司运用缝隙市场竞争策略既可以较大可能地避免在位者的挤压，也能最大程度地获得规制者的优先容纳。缝隙市场竞争策略是新进入者参与市场博弈的占优策略。     

循环经济视角下政府与市场的关系——以安徽省为例

党的“十八大”把科学发展观确立为党的指导思想,这是我们党对资源、环境与发展关系认识的新境界.通过分析市场和政府之间的关系,在新形势下对政府与市场关系重新定位,重点发挥地方政府在生态建设中对市场的引导作用,充分运用货币和财税政策,克服这一领域的市场失灵,推进安徽省循环经济发展.     

市场调研在民用飞机产品市场要求论证中的应用

民用飞机产品市场要求论证是民机型号研制中极为重要的环节。飞机制造商唯有准确地把握市场的要求,其民机型号的发展才能有的放矢。市场调研是进行民用飞机产品市场要求论证不可或缺的主要手段。阐述了市场调研的主要步骤和方法,以及民用飞机产品市场要求的主要内容和论证工作流程,并结合系列化和共通性、市场定位、经济性等大型客机市场要求论证中的几个关键问题进行了论述,充分展示了市场调研在民用飞机产品市场要求论证中的重要作用。     

Optimal observer maneuver for bearings-only tracking

In bearings-only tracking, observer maneuver is critical to ensure observability and to obtain an accurate target localization. Here, optimal control theory is applied to the determination of the course of a constant speed observer that minimizes an accuracy criterion deduced from the Fisher information matrix (FIM). Necessary conditions for optimal maneuver (Euler equations) are established and resolved, partly by analytical means and partly by an iterative numerical procedure. Examples of optimal observer maneuvers are presented and discussed     

上海股票交易市场流动性与资产定价的实证研究

综合运用国外流动性与资产定价理论与方法,建立了修正的流动性—资产定价模型,并根据此模型对上海股票交易市场进行经验实证分析。研究发现,在上海股票交易市场这样一个新兴的证券市场中,流动性也是影响资产定价的重要因素,在流动性的价格形成机制中,交易成本是影响价格的主要原因。     

WTO背景下中国证券市场国际化

证券市场国际化是20世纪80年代以来世界金融市场的一大发展趋势,是生产国际化和资本国际化发展的必然结果,也是国际融资证券化趋势的必然要求.但是我国的证券市场国际化存在着诸多障碍,特别是我国加入WTO后更是面临严峻的挑战.然而机遇与挑战同在,我们应该抓住机遇,在坚持循序渐进地开放证券市场的原则下,大力发展我国证券市场,加速证券市场国际化.文章以我国证券市场的发展为主线,对WTO背景下我国证券市场国际化问题进行了探析.     

银行间债券市场做市商制度研究

随着国际银行间债券市场的迅速发展，我国急需建立一套比较完善的交易机制，以提高债券流动性，促进市场的健康发展。发达的证券市场采用的做市商制度，为探讨我国银行间债券市场交易机制的改革提供了借鉴。在讨论做市商理论的基础上，对我国银行间债券市场推行做市商制度的必要性、可行性以及目前存在的问题进行了讨论，并提出了相关的建议。     

准市场主体:转轨时期地方政府的角色定位

目前，我国市场机制对资源配置的基础性作用尚未充分体现，企业也没有成为真正意义上的市场主体。与此同时，地方政府在区域经济事务中的决策空间却得到拓展，就其掌握的资源和承担的职能而言，实际上已成为具有独立利益和行为目标的“准市场主体”。地方政府的企业化行为在一定程度上对启动和推进市场化改革起了积极作用，但是地方政府的行为企业化容易导致其过多地介入微观经济活动，这不利于转换政府职能，不利于明晰产权。同时，地方政府的“默许”行为，有时会造成宏观调控不力，不利于经济的有序运行。     

政府对培育国际竞争优势的作用分析

随着中国加入世界贸易组织 ,土生土长的国内企业该如何走向世界 ,这是摆在我们面前的一个课题 ,但这里的“走向世界”并不是地理意义上的世界 ,国内企业要在本土市场上参与国际竞争 ,政府的作用是必不可少的     

"中场产业":中国民营经济的新亮点

文章指出"中场产业"是中国民营经济发展的新亮点.它具有受市场波动影响小,经营风险较低;市场选择不明确,有利于减少国际贸易摩擦;技术革新活跃,具有国际竞争力;市场容量不断扩大,附加值不断提高等特点和优势.指出"中场产业"在发展中需解决好提高技术革新能力,产品国际化等问题.