惯性仪表复合环境仿真测试技术

武器装备产品都是在一定环境下使用的,因此必然受到周围环境因素的影响。由于测试环境和实际使用环境的不同,惯性仪表的“测试性能”和“使用性能”之间存在巨大差异。为满足惯性仪表地、空、天测试一致性的要求,提出了复合环境测试的概念。针对目前惯性仪表在测试中的相关问题,提出了复合环境测试设备的原理及实现方法,并结合测试设备提出了惯性仪表复合环境下的仿真测试方法,对仿真测试设备和仿真测试方法进行了试验验证。试验结果验证了复合环境测试设备和测试方法的可行性。     

大型结构物称重系统测试方法实例应用

大型结构物称重系统是应用在油田码头领域的重要设备,国内还没有成熟的量值溯源方法和测试方法,本文主要介绍了对大型结构物称重系统进行测试的方法,以解决此类设备测试难的问题。结果证明,此称重系统和测试方法有效保证量值准确并具有较高准确度,值得推广。     

非金属材料热释放测试技术

本文介绍了两种测试非金属材料热释放方法，结合有代表性的仅器设备介绍了各自的测试原理，并对两种测试方法测试出的结果相关性以及两种测试方法各自的优点和缺点进行了分析。     

激光器性能综合测试设备研制

介绍了激光器的主要性能指标,根据实际需要进行了激光性能测试设备的研究,提出了一种周全的激光性能测试设备研制方案,对该设备的结构设计、光路设计、以及测试方法作了详尽论述。设备中利用两对相互垂直的P分光镜和S分光镜以补偿偏振光在45°面上透反射率不同而造成的测量误差,进一步保证了激光能量测试的准确性。误差分析结果表明该设备满足实际应用中对激光器性能的测试要求。     

灰盒测试方法的实践与研究

从测试是否针对系统的内部结构和具体实现的角度来看,软件测试可分为白盒测试和黑盒测试。而灰盒测试是近年来提出的一种新的软件测试方法,它兼顾了白盒测试和黑盒测试方法的优点。本文在实践的基础上,对灰盒测试方法进行了研究,介绍了灰盒测试基本知识和一种灰盒测试方法的实现过程。     

欠采样系统的MRTD测试方法研究

针对第二代红外成像系统普遍为欠采样系统的事实,通过MRTD测试方法在空间域和频率域成像过程的仿真,详细分析了该方法在对分辨能力和作用距离评估时存在的不足,并指出了这种不足产生的原因。对比分析了TRM3、DMRT、TOD和NVO-MRT这4种替代测试方法的工作原理和优缺点,依据现有测试条件,指出了国内MRTD测试短期内可采取的应对措施。     

惯性器件动态性能测试方法及其设备

本文对惯性器件动态性能的测试方法及所用测试设备进行了综述分析,提出了见解并介绍了新近研制成功的陀螺动态性能测试设备——单轴精密角振动台。     

船载测控设备船摇隔离度自动化测试方法研究

旨在对船载测控设备船摇隔离度自动化测试方法进行研究,首先介绍传统的船摇隔离度测试方法,说明了该方法不能进行自动化测试的原因,并在此基础上提出了两种可以实现自动化测试的方法,一种是通过数字低通滤波器滤除误差电压中的高频分量后再折算船摇残差的方法,另外一种是用大地角的变化来折算船摇残差的方法。     

跑道摩擦系数测试方法研究

摩擦系数测试设备是获得跑道摩擦系数的关键设备，而如何获得进行摩擦系数计算的摩擦力和正压力成为研究的重点．在分析不同加载方式的基础上，给出了测试方法，并进行了试验。     

引信参数测试结果不一致故障分析

"引信过门限""延迟起爆""点火"信号是某型导弹引信性能测试的三个重要参数,本文针对三型设备引信参数测试结果不一致的情况,对引信灵敏度、作用距离、延迟线长度、引信测试方法进行了深入分析与论述,对各型设备技术状态进行了检测,找出测试结果不一致的原因并提出改进方案。     

Investigation of the infrared characteristics of the rocket nozzle

Investigation of the infrared characteristics of a rocket nozzle is very important for the study of infrared initiating technology. The Narrow-Band Zone model is developed for that purpose. The spectral transmission and absorption factors are introduced, and the equations between radiative heat flux and the temperature of waill surfaces and gas are developed. The radiative heat transfer in one axisymmetric cylindrical enclosure filled with homogeneous radiative participating medium is computed with the Narrow-Band Zone model and compared with those in the reference documents. The comparison shows good agreement. The radiative heat transfer to the nozzle of one rocket engine is also calculated with the Narrow-Band Zone model, and the outgoing radiative energy flux and energy rate integrated in a mid-wave infrared band 2-6 pm, a long-wave infrared band 8-14 pm and the full wave band are analyzed. The following conclusions can be derived: the spectral radiation from the inlet and outlet of the nozzle show apparent spectral discontinuity, which appears greater in the 2.7-2.95 pm than in the neighboring wave band. The spectral outgoing radiative energy flux of nozzle wail is similar to that of gray body, which decreases with wavelength in 2-14 pm. The outgoing radiative energy flux on the nozzle wall is greater in the cylindrical and contracting section of nozzle, but smaller in the divergent section, which is determined by temperature. The nozzle of the rocket engine radiates most energy in the mid-wave surfaces by absorption. The most important feature of gas radiation is the strong selection of the waveband, so the detailed study of the infrared characteristics of nozzle of the rocket engine should be carried out on narrow-band computation.     

Infrared radiation signature of exhaust plume from solid propellants with different energy characteristics

The infrared radiation signature of the plume from solid propellants with different energy characteristics is not the same. Three kinds of double-base propellants of different energy characteristics are chosen to measure the infrared spectral radiance from 1000 cm 1 to 4500 cm 1 of their plumes. The radiative spectrum is obtained in the tests. The experimental results indicate that the infrared radiation of the plume is determined by the energy characteristics of the propellant. The radiative transfer calculation models of the exhaust plume for the solid propellants are established. By including the chemical reaction source term and the radiation source term into the energy equation, the plume field and the radiative transfer are solved in a coupled way. The calculated results are consistent with the experimental data, so the reliability of the models is confirmed. The temperature distribution and the extent of the afterburning of the plume are distinct for the propellants of different energy characteristics, therefore the plume radiation varies for different propellants. The temperature of the fluid cell in the plume will increase or decrease to some extent by the influence of the radiation term.     

摆锤式冲击试验机能量损失检测方法的比较与分析

摆锤式冲击试验机的能量损失包括：指针的摩擦（或接触式电子角位移传感器的摩擦）、空气阻力和摆轴轴承的摩擦所引起的能量损失；基础的冲击、机架和摆锤的振动所引起的能量损失。国内外还没有成熟的测量方法和测量仪器测定基础的冲击、机架和摆锤的振动所引起的能量损失，没有形成技术文件，目前摆锤式冲击试验机能量损失的检测主要针对前者。本文针对国内计量部门计量摆锤式冲击试验机所依据的常用标准和规程，比较能量损失的检测方法和计算公式，做出简要分析，指出某些计算公式值得商榷之处。     

多弧离子镀Cr/Cr2O3薄膜红外及可见光谱特性

采用多弧离子镀制备了具有不同色彩的Cr/Cr2O3薄膜,利用紫外-可见光分光光度计研究了薄膜在可见和红外波段的光谱特性,利用SEM进行薄膜表面结构和形貌的分析,利用四探针测阻仪测试了样品的方块电阻,利用红外发射率测量仪测试了样品的红外发射率。结果表明:Cr/Cr2O3薄膜具有丰富的色彩,在可见光区有明显的反射峰,可见光区光谱特性主要受膜厚的影响,方块电阻随膜厚增加而有变大,样品的红外发射率主要取决于金属层,平均红外发射率最小降至0.371。     

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON THE INFRARED RADIATION CHARACTERISTICS FROM HOT JET

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跨音速翼型多参数多约束优化设计方法

本文通过采用EXTREM数值优化方法并基于求解全速势方程的跨音速粘流翼型计算方法, 研究发展了一种应用形状函数修形的跨音速翼型多参数多约束数值优化设计方法, 应用该方法可以从普通低速翼型和超临界翼型出发通过数值优化后得到在跨音速区阻力系数最小化的翼型几何外形。设计表明, 该方法具有收敛快、调用目标函数次数少等优点。      

Numerical simulation of the infrared radiative signatures of liquid and solid rocket plumes

In this paper, a finite volume method was developed to compute the infrared radiative signatures of both liquid and solid rocket plumes, and to investigate the radiative signatures on two wavebands, 2–6 and 8–12 μm bands, respectively. This method is based on the radiative transport equation for local thermodynamic equilibrium, which accounts for radiative heat transfer in inhomogeneous emitting, absorbing, and non-isotropic scattering media. The radiative properties of combustion gases are computed by using the Elsasser narrow band model, and that of particles are computed by using the Mie scattering theory. A numerical method is applied to solve the following three problems. The first one is the computation of the radiative heat transfer in an absorbing, emitting and isotropic scattering homogeneous cylindrical medium in which the radiative flux is presented. The other two are the computations of the infrared radiation of plumes from the liquid and solid rockets in which both the source and apparent radiant intensities are presented as results. The atmospheric absorption effect on the radiation of plumes is also considered by calculating the atmospheric transmittance using MODTRAN. Some of these results, compared with those available in the literature, have shown satisfactory agreement in most cases.     

航空橡胶密封件力学与密封性能检测技术

介绍了航空橡胶密封件的力学、泄漏、损伤、接触变形等特性的无损检测技术及应用情况。其中,橡胶密封件泄漏压差测量方法,用于获得不同压差下的气体泄漏率;橡胶密封件接触应力超声检测技术,实现了橡胶密封接触应力的准确测量;橡胶密封件损伤与泄漏的红外热成像测试技术,可以得到泄漏点的定位与泄漏量的精确测量;橡胶密封件接触变形数字图像相关技术,获得了织物接触界面变形场与应力场的演化规律等。同时,对航空橡胶密封件的非接触测量技术进行了展望。     

离散光谱分辨率对喷流红外特性FVM计算的影响

建立了辐射传递方程(RTE)的有限元体积法(FVM)计算模型,研究了离散光谱分辨率对FVM计算精度的影响,提出了离散光谱分辨率无关解的概念,并编制了相应的FORTRAN源程序,结合大气飞行发动机标准算例进行了一系列计算和比较.结果表明;在给定的红外光谱域中,随着离散光谱的分辨率的提高,计算出的方向光谱辐射强度渐渐趋向于同一个值.在航空发动机喷流2～5μm红外光谱区间中,当划分150个以上等间隔光谱微元后,FVM可以保证达到离散光谱分辨率无关解.      

测量围护结构含水率的同面散射场式电容传感器设计

目前常用的测量含水率的方法有微波法、红外线法和电容法.由于基于电容法的传感器具有分辨力高、响应速度快、体积小、结构简单等优点,被广泛应用.针对围护结构含水率测试深度的要求和测试特点,本文通过仿真和实验,对同面电容传感器探头的结构尺寸进行了优化设计,并采取了保护电极以提高其抗干扰能力;运用改进的充放电电容检测电路,设计出一种测量围护结构含水率的新型同面散射场式电容传感器,该传感器具有宽范围的测试深度和较高的测试灵敏度.