氢氧发动机数字主线框架及关键技术研究

为建立氢氧发动机全生命周期完整、连续的数据链,本文以模型和数据驱动研制,构建氢氧发动机数字主线。通过分析数字主线的现状及内涵,结合氢氧发动机研制特点,聚焦模型、数据的定义和组织,提出了氢氧发动机数字主线的总体框架、数据架构及构建方式。突破多态模型定义技术、基于模型的物料清单(BOM)视图关联技术、基于图数据库的数字主线追溯技术等关键技术,构建氢氧发动机数字主线,验证构建方法及应用效果。     

MBD公差设计国际标准分析与航天产品应用展望

从分析工程设计载体的演变过程出发,引入MBD (基于模型的定义)数字化制造下的产品研制流程;从几何尺寸与公差(GDT)、技术数据包(TPD)、产品数据表达与交换(PDRE)等3个方面,解析MBD标准体系的构成;从MBD标准体系的推广历程、在单一企业以及供应链网络中的应用情况等方面研究MBD标准体系的应用现状;分析航天企业应用MBD技术的现状,提出在面向设计功能与制造能力的航天产品GPS几何公差标注方法、面向制造场景的PMI (产品制造信息)信息分包方法、面向数据跨组织自动交互的PMI数据表达方法和基于MBSE的数字化研制流程等4个方面践行MBD技术的展望。     

航天产品三维数字化制造模式探索与实践

阐述了国内外数字化制造现状,并以首都航天机械公司为例,分析了公司数字化制造现状。公司以某新型号研制为背景,从背景需求分析、实施方案确定、研制流程梳理、支撑体系构建、关键技术攻关几个方面讲述了如何开展航天产品数字化制造模式探索;并结合新型号研制阐述了数字化制造技术实践及应用,为全面实现航天型号产品数字化制造奠定了坚实基础,对其它单位数字化制造的实施具有很好的借鉴意义。     

航天器测试数字化转型探索和实践

针对传统航天器测试面向航天器研制新特点体现出的一些不足,文章提出了航天器测试数字化转型的方法。基于虚拟化等技术构建数字化测试平台,实现不同航天器的资源集约化管理和按需分配,解决传统的单航天器独占测试资源的问题;构建“云”、“网”、“端”的异地协同工作环境,解决异地并行研制时数据共享性差,专家资源发挥不够的问题;建立设计、研制、测试、在轨的模型转换标准,解决各阶段模型数据未得到有效的数字化传递的问题。该探索和实践已成功应用于航天重大工程任务,取得良好的应用效果。     

国外航天与防务机构仿真标准发展

仿真是利用计算机模型进行的某一层次的风险评估。美、欧等对航天领域的仿真技术的应用非常重视,美国把仿真技术全面应用于概念分析、技术开发、采办、试验、部署、维持、作战效果分析、训练以及产品改进等产品研制的全生命周期,同时,美军、 NASA、 ESA等国外典型航天与防务机构形成了较为完备的航天仿真标准(体系),我国的航天仿真工程应用标准体系建设可借鉴和参考其相关经验。     

液体火箭发动机协同设计平台关键技术

针对液体火箭发动机协同设计工程实际需求,围绕研制数据高效流转与协同,面向产品全生命周期跨地域、跨专业特点,提出了协同设计平台框架。针对协同平台中的5项关键技术,给出了相应解决途径。基于PLM系统构建协同环境,建立统一编码,整合研制过程中的标准件、原材料等共性基础数据;通过基于MBD的三维结构设计,采用MBSE理念,以模型为载体升级发动机设计流程;采用线上IPT模式提升产品设计效率,同时实现全过程数据记录知识累积。采用BOM结构组织和展示不同设计阶段形成的数据;基于Hadoop平台分布式数据存储模式,实现结构化和非结构化数据综合管理。通过工程实践验证表明,构建的协同平台实现了基于数字化模型的设计工艺定制化协同,科研生产全过程的信息整合和多维度监控,促进了业务流程持续优化和研制效率不断提升,支撑发动机研制模式的转型升级。     

液体火箭发动机三维数字化协同设计研究

为了创新液体火箭发动机研制模式,提高数字化设计与制造水平,某液体火箭发动机研制采用了三维数字化协同设计模式.采用自顶向下设计模式和多层骨架方案,建立了发动机骨架模型,实现了无纸化接口协调;基于模型定义技术,将设计、工艺、材料和制造等相关信息全部包含在三维模型中,用三维模型完全取代了传统设计模式中的二维图纸;通过建立IPT开展协同设计,工艺人员并行介入产品设计流程,提前了解产品结构、开展工装设计和工艺模型设计.研究结果表明三维数字化协同设计可显著提高发动机研制效率,缩短研制周期,并为三维数字化制造奠定了坚实基础.     

航天器三维协同研制标准体系研究

三维协同研制具有可视化、精确性的特点,是数字化研制的一项重要工作,数字化技术应用标准化是三维协同研制模式推行的基本保证。通过分析产品数字化研制标准体系的现状,基于航天器三维协同数字化研制全流程,构建航天器三维协同研制的数字化标准框架和标准体系,逐条梳理标准体系下的标准细目。文章介绍三维协同数字化标准现状,提出航天器三维协同标准体系框架、体系及其标准组成。     

航天数字化设计与制造标准化论坛于无锡成功举办

<正>2019年9月9日到11日,由中国航天标准化与产品保证研究院(简称航天标准化院)和上海航天技术研究院联合主办的"航天数字化设计与制造标准化论坛"在无锡成功举办。本次论坛以"标准助推航天数字化转型,标准引领航天智能化升级"为主题,聚焦数字化设计与制造技术在复杂产品研制中的实际应用,交流分享在航天数字化制造模式与体系构     

运载火箭数字化工程初步研究

为适应未来航天科技发展需求,在借鉴国内外航空航天数字化研制的基础上,以我国运载火箭面临的研制需求为背景,通过体系规划、总体框架、层次结构等方面的论述,对运载火箭数字化工程进行初步研究,为运载火箭数字化研制提供技术途径.     

适用于遥感器遮光罩的复合材料及工艺研究

针对空间遥感器系统的发展演变,分析了遮光罩所用材料体系的变化情况,重点总结了高性能纤维增强树脂基复合材料在空间遥感器遮光罩中的应用情况。从工程化应用水平来看,目前尚处于在替代传统材料满足型号产品需求的较低阶段,本文简要归纳了其中存在的主要问题。针对蜂窝夹层结构、光阑结构、薄壁壳体结构等不同类型的空间遥感器遮光罩,本文介绍了其所适用的复合材料及其成型工艺。同时,结合材料选择、设计工艺性、工艺设计等工程化应用中的关键环节,作了尝试性地探讨,并对高性能纤维增强树脂基复合材料的实际应用效果进行了评价。最后,就未来空间遥感器系统的发展对材料工艺的需求作了展望。     

系统框架建模逻辑思路探索（英文）

China's space technology has gradually improved from the early stages' introduction, absorption and re-innovation based on backward design to independent innovation based on forward design. It is necessary to develop a new approach of systems engineering to improve the quality and efficiency of space systems design considering the large number of original design problems expected in the future. Adopting Model-Based Systems Engineering(MBSE) and Digital Twin method are important development initiatives in the field of modern engineering design. In the initial phase of system design, it is necessary to generate firm system architecture models based on the needs of stakeholders. The quality of the system design in this phase has a great impact on the detailed design and implementation for the subsequent system, and also plays an important role in the performance, development progress and cost of the whole system. Through the collaboration of cross-professional teams, modeling and model execution, comparing the model execution with expected results, MBSE has enabled digital model-level verification and validation before test verification and validation based on physical products, thus improving the design exactness, completeness and greatly reducing design errors or defects. This paper explores the logical ideas behind modeling of system architectures in order to promote the adoption of MBSE in the field of space systems.     

航天材料基因工程及其若干关键技术

材料基因工程的理念和将空间环境与效应纳入到航天材料研制全流程的思路将对航天材料的开发带来颠覆性的革命。文章在对国内外材料基因组计划和航天材料需求分析的基础上,首先对航天材料基因工程的内涵进行阐述,进而对基于航天材料基因工程的航天材料研制流程进行分析,最后结合空间环境效应及材料基因工程,从计算工具、试验工具、数字化数据三个维度,提出空间多因素环境与航天材料的耦合作用机理、航天材料空间多因素环境效应等效评价方法、空间复杂使役环境下航天材料性能演化模型、航天材料空间环境效应数据库、基于材料基因工程的航天材料设计模型、航天材料研制的不确定性及优化方法等关键技术和发展方向。     

深空探测对航天器热控技术的推动

工程热物理学广泛应用于航天领域,一方面解决了具体航天工程问题,另一方面逐步发展成为交叉学科——空间热物理。随着我国在深空探测领域不断拓展,以深空探测器研制中的工程热物理问题为需求背景,推动着航天器热控制技术、防热技术等取得新的发展。文章在介绍深空探测器技术体系的基础上,分析了热设计、热分析、热试验、热控硬件、防热等方面的技术进步,并就深空探测领域进一步拓展对工程热物理发展的牵引进行了展望,分析了工程热物理学与航天技术间相互促进、相互推动的关系。     

Elexbus — An attractive technical solution for small mission opportunities

Responding to the demand for a ‘faster, cheaper, better’ implementation of space related services. Dornier Satellitensysteme GmbH has established and exercised an approach for the development and production of satellites and the corresponding ground equipment for small missions, referred to as Flexbus. It allows to support space service customers starting from mission engineering via design, development and manufacturing of the necessary hardware, the launch service and ending with the hand-over of the operational system. Flexbus harmonises a modular component concept with a sound design and development approach, as a whole providing the means to offer high quality products in a fairly short time and for competitive pricing. This paper will outline the major features of the Flexbus approach and describe application examples.     

Flexbus — an attractive technical solution for small missions

Responding to the demand for a ‘faster, cheaper, better’ implementation of space related services, Domier Satellitensysteme GmbH has established and exercised an approach for the development and production of satellites and the corresponding ground equipment for small missions, referred to as Flexbus. It allows to support space service customers starting from mission engineering via design, development and manufacturing of the necessary hardware, the launch service and ending with the hand-over of the operational system. Flexbus harmonises a modular component concept with a sound design and development approach, as a whole providing the means to offer high quality products in a fairly short time and for competitive pricing. This paper will outline the major features of the Flexbus approach and describe application examples.     

临近空间飞行器多物理场耦合建模的网格映射方法

临近空间飞行器的研制面临许多复杂的问题和挑战,涉及总体、气动、结构、控制、防热、动力等多个学科和专业领域的相互作用、高度耦合的子系统。全系统、全流程的仿真验证与性能评估能够为设计工作提供重要依据,缩短研制周期。而气动、结构、防热等专业的仿真建模和模型解算基于有限体积法或有限元方法,依赖于不同的工具软件,且网格的划分方法不同。本文研究了临近空间高超声速飞行器多物理场耦合建模方法,研究并实现了异构网格耦合界面之间与耦合域之间的信息传递方法,从而实现了临近空间高超声速飞行器的多物理场耦合建模与仿真。     

Informed maintenance for next generation reusable launch systems

Perhaps the most substantial single obstacle to progress of space exploration and utilization of space for human benefit is the safety & reliability and the inherent cost of launching to, and returning from, space. The primary influence in the high costs of current launch systems (the same is true for commercial and military aircraft and most other reusable systems) is the operations, maintenance and infrastructure portion of the program's total life cycle costs. Reusable Launch Vehicle (RLV) maintenance and design have traditionally been two separate engineering disciplines with often conflicting objectives - maximizing ease of maintenance versus optimizing performance, size and cost. Testability analysis, an element of Informed Maintenance (IM), has been an ad hoc, manual effort, in which maintenance engineers attempt to identify an efficient method of troubleshooting for the given product, with little or no control over product design. Therefore, testability deficiencies in the design cannot be rectified. It is now widely recognized that IM must be engineered into the product at the design stage itself, so that an optimal compromise is achieved between system maintainability and performance.The elements of IM include testability analysis, diagnostics/prognostics, automated maintenance scheduling, automated logistics coordination, paperless documentation and data mining. IM derives its heritage from complimentary NASA science, space and aeronautic enterprises such as the on-board autonomous Remote Agent Architecture recently flown on NASA's Deep Space 1 Probe as well as commercial industries that employ quick turnaround operations. Commercial technologies and processes supporting NASA's IM initiatives include condition based maintenance technologies from Boeing's Commercial 777 Aircraft and Lockheed-Martin's F-22 Fighter, automotive computer diagnostics and autonomous controllers that enable 100,000 mile maintenance free operations, and locomotive monitoring system software.This paper will summarize NASA's long-term strategy, development, and implementation plans for Informed Maintenance for next generation RLVs. This will be done through a convergence into a single IM vision the work being performed throughout NASA, industry and academia. Additionally, a current status of IM development throughout NASA programs such as the Space Shuttle, X-33, X-34 and X-37 will be provided and will conclude with an overview of near-term work that is being initiated in FY00 to support NASA's 2^nd Generation Reusable Launch Vehicle Program.     

New frontiers in design synthesis

The Intelligent Synthesis Environment (ISE), which is one of the major strategic technologies under development at NASA centers and the University of Virginia, is described. One of the major objectives of ISE is to significantly enhance the rapid creation of innovative affordable products and missions. ISE uses a synergistic combination of leading-edge technologies, including high performance computing, high capacity communications and networking, human-centered computing, knowledge-based engineering, computational intelligence, virtual product development, and product information management. The environment will link scientists, design teams, manufacturers, suppliers, and consultants who participate in the mission synthesis as well as in the creation and operation of the aerospace system. It will radically advance the process by which complex science missions are synthesized, and high-tech engineering systems are designed, manufactured and operated. The five major components critical to ISE are human-centered computing, infrastructure for distributed collaboration, rapid synthesis and simulation tools, life cycle integration and validation, and cultural change in both the engineering and science creative process. The five components and their subelements are described. Related U.S. government programs are outlined and the future impact of ISE on engineering research and education is discussed.