用面向对象技术编写科学运算类库

为了提高科学工程软件的开发效率,改善程序的可读性、易维护性,本文从面向对象的编程思路出发,介绍了利用VisualC＋十建立一种科学运算类库的基本思想和方法。     

航空工业参与西部大开发的战略优势与策略

国家确定实施西部大开发战略，为航空工业的可持续发展提供了历史机遇。本文从航空工业的整体优势出发，论述其在西部大开发中的地位和作用，探讨开发西部的对策和途径。     

Overview of the New Horizons Science Payload

The New Horizons mission was launched on 2006 January 19, and the spacecraft is heading for a flyby encounter with the Pluto system in the summer of 2015. The challenges associated with sending a spacecraft to Pluto in less than 10 years and performing an ambitious suite of scientific investigations at such large heliocentric distances (>32 AU) are formidable and required the development of lightweight, low power, and highly sensitive instruments. This paper provides an overview of the New Horizons science payload, which is comprised of seven instruments. Alice provides moderate resolution (～3–10 Å FWHM), spatially resolved ultraviolet (～465–1880 Å) spectroscopy, and includes the ability to perform stellar and solar occultation measurements. The Ralph instrument has two components: the Multicolor Visible Imaging Camera (MVIC), which performs panchromatic (400–975 nm) and color imaging in four spectral bands (Blue, Red, CH₄, and NIR) at a moderate spatial resolution of 20 μrad/pixel, and the Linear Etalon Imaging Spectral Array (LEISA), which provides spatially resolved (62 μrad/pixel), near-infrared (1.25–2.5 μm), moderate resolution (λ/δ λ～240–550) spectroscopic mapping capabilities. The Radio Experiment (REX) is a component of the New Horizons telecommunications system that provides both radio (X-band) solar occultation and radiometry capabilities. The Long Range Reconnaissance Imager (LORRI) provides high sensitivity (V<18), high spatial resolution (5 μrad/pixel) panchromatic optical (350–850 nm) imaging capabilities that serve both scientific and optical navigation requirements. The Solar Wind at Pluto (SWAP) instrument measures the density and speed of solar wind particles with a resolution ΔE/E<0.4 for energies between 25 eV and 7.5 keV. The Pluto Energetic Particle Spectrometer Science Investigation (PEPSSI) measures energetic particles (protons and CNO ions) in 12 energy channels spanning 1–1000 keV. Finally, an instrument designed and built by students, the Venetia Burney Student Dust Counter (VB-SDC), uses polarized polyvinylidene fluoride panels to record dust particle impacts during the cruise phases of the mission.     

Selection of the Mars Science Laboratory Landing Site

The selection of Gale crater as the Mars Science Laboratory landing site took over five years, involved broad participation of the science community via five open workshops, and narrowed an initial >50 sites (25 by 20?km) to four finalists (Eberswalde, Gale, Holden and Mawrth) based on science and safety. Engineering constraints important to the selection included: (1)?latitude (±30°) for thermal management of the rover and instruments, (2)?elevation (<?1?km) for sufficient atmosphere to slow the spacecraft, (3)?relief of <100–130?m at baselines of 1–1000?m for control authority and sufficient fuel during powered descent, (4)?slopes of <30° at baselines of 2–5?m for rover stability at touchdown, (5)?moderate rock abundance to avoid impacting the belly pan during touchdown, and (6)?a?radar-reflective, load-bearing, and trafficable surface that is safe for landing and roving and not dominated by fine-grained dust. Science criteria important for the selection include the ability to assess past habitable environments, which include diversity, context, and biosignature (including organics) preservation. Sites were evaluated in detail using targeted data from instruments on all active orbiters, and especially Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter. All of the final four sites have layered sedimentary rocks with spectral evidence for phyllosilicates that clearly address the science objectives of the mission. Sophisticated entry, descent and landing simulations that include detailed information on all of the engineering constraints indicate all of the final four sites are safe for landing. Evaluation of the traversabilty of the landing sites and target “go to” areas outside of the ellipse using slope and material properties information indicates that all are trafficable and “go to” sites can be accessed within the lifetime of the mission. In the final selection, Gale crater was favored over Eberswalde based on its greater diversity and potential habitability.     

航空科学基金“十一五”发展规划研究

介绍了航空科学基金"十一五"发展规划的编制原则,中国发展的总目标,项目体系及管理措施.     

Studying the Lunar Ionosphere with SELENE Radio Science Experiment

Radio occultation observations of the electron density near the lunar surface were conducted during the SELENE (Kaguya) mission using the Vstar and Rstar sub-satellites. Previous radio occultation measurements conducted in the Soviet lunar missions have indicated the existence of an ionosphere with peak densities of several hundreds of electrons per cubic centimeters above the dayside lunar surface. These densities are difficult to explain theoretically when the removal of plasma by the solar wind is considered, and thus the generation mechanism of the lunar ionosphere is a major issue, with even the validity of previous observations still under debate. The most serious error source in the measurement is the fluctuation of the terrestrial ionosphere which also exists along the ray path. To cope with this difficulty, about 400 observations were conducted using Vstar to enable statistical analysis of the weak signal of the lunar ionosphere. Another method is to utilize Vstar and Rstar with the second one being used to measure the terrestrial ionosphere contribution. The observations will establish the morphology of the lunar ionosphere and will reveal its relationship with various conditions to provide possible clues to the mechanism.     

非线性科学的研究主流综述

主要围绕非线性科学所研究的非线性现象，基本概念，研究方法和应用所涉有涉及的领域作一简要介绍，非线性科学研究不同领域非线性现象的共同特征，体现了各学科之间的相互渗透和联系，最后，简单阐述一下飞行力学中所涉及的非线性问题及研究状况，对今后的研究方向和问题进行一些讨论。     

《政治经济学》课程教学中的几点看法

我国社会主义市场经济体制的建立与发展,和马克思主义创始初期有很大的不同,迫使我们对教科书中的一些提法进行重新审视,要求我们结合新的历史条件和实际,讲清“资本”、“剩余价值”、“按劳分配”、“按生产要素分配”等问题,以科学态度对待马克思主义的政治经济学,体现马克思主义与时俱进的理论品质。     

《管理学》案例教学改革思路

论述案例教学改革的意义,分析陕西科技大学《管理学》案例教学实施中存在的问题,提出《管理学》案例教学改革的思路。     

On the Specification of Upward-Propagating Tides for ICON Science Investigations

Space Science Reviews - The National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) Thermosphere Ionosphere Electrodynamics General Circulation Model (TIEGCM) will provide a physics-based context for the...     

勇攀高峰的人 --记贵州黎阳航空发动机公司副总经理李世凯

李世凯同志是贵州黎阳航空发动机公司分管质量工作的副总经理。 自1970年参加工作以来,至今已从事航空发动机制造工作32年,1978年从北京航空学院航空发动机设计专业毕业后,在黎阳公司历任产品技术服务处技术员、室主任;质量部处长、部长;公司副总经理(主管质量工作)等职,参加了我国主要歼击机动力装置的生产、制造、售后技术服务以及重大技术质量问题分析、处理等工作。     

Calibration of the Mars Science Laboratory Alpha Particle X-ray Spectrometer

The alpha-particle X-ray spectrometer (APXS) for the Mars Science Laboratory (MSL) mission was calibrated for routine analysis of: Na, Mg, Al, Si, P, S, Cl, K, Ca, Ti, Cr, Mn, Fe, Ni, Zn, Br, Rb, Sr, and Y. The following elements were also calibrated, but may be too low to be measured (10s–100s ppm) for their usual abundance on Mars: V, Cu, Ga, As, Se and W. An extensive suite of geological reference materials, supplemented by pure chemical elements and compounds was used. Special attention was paid to include phyllosilicates, sulfates and a broad selection of basalts as these are predicted minerals and rocks at the Gale Crater landing site. The calibration approach is from first principles, using fundamental physics parameters and an assumed homogeneous sample matrix to calculate expected elemental signals for a given instrument setup and sample composition. Resulting concentrations for most elements accord with expected values. Deviations in elements of lower atomic number (Na, Mg, Al) indicate significant influences of mineral phases, especially in basalts, ultramafic rocks and trachytes. The systematics of these deviations help us to derive empirical, iterative corrections for different rock groups, based on a preliminary APXS analysis which assumes a homogeneous sample. These corrections have the potential to significantly improve the accuracy of APXS analyses, especially when other MSL instrument results, such as the X-ray diffraction data from CheMin, are included in the overall analysis process.     

系统科学与民航安全文化建设

用现代系统理论观战,审视了中国民航安全文化建设的历史经验,得出了有益于安全文化建设的指导思想。首先,通过对安全文化与民航系统的协同问题的分析,探讨了对”安全第一“原则的深层次理解及在实际工作中的把握;其次,研究了系统的运动与安全文化发展的内在关系,提出了保证安全文化建设健康发展的思路。     

The Radio Frequency Subsystem and Radio Science on the MESSENGER Mission

The MErcury Surface, Space ENvironment, GEochemistry, and Ranging (MESSENGER) Radio Frequency (RF) Telecommunications Subsystem is used to send commands to the spacecraft, transmit information on the state of the spacecraft and science-related observations, and assist in navigating the spacecraft to and in orbit about Mercury by providing precise observations of the spacecraft’s Doppler velocity and range in the line of sight to Earth. The RF signal is transmitted and received at X-band frequencies (7.2 GHz uplink, 8.4 GHz downlink) by the NASA Deep Space Network. The tracking data from MESSENGER will contribute significantly to achieving the mission’s geophysics objectives. The RF subsystem, as the radio science instrument, will help determine Mercury’s gravitational field and, in conjunction with the Mercury Laser Altimeter instrument, help determine the topography of the planet. Further analysis of the data will improve the knowledge of the planet’s orbital ephemeris and rotation state. The rotational state determination includes refined measurements of the obliquity and forced physical libration, which are necessary to characterize Mercury’s core state.     

科技创新是保证飞机持续安全运行的原动力

为了适应民航运输业的高速发展,需要在飞机维修中不断创新.中国南方航空股份有限公司整合的飞机维修管理系统创新性地将飞机实时监控系统、系统集成和维修网络建设有机地结合在一起.