Quasi-static tensile behavior of large-diameter thin-walled Ti–6Al–4V tubes at elevated temperature

As promising light-weight and high-performance structure components, large-diameter thin-walled(LDTW) Ti–6Al–4V titanium alloy(TC4) bent tubes are needed most urgently in many industries such as aviation and aerospace. Warm bending may be a feasible way for manufacturing these components. Understanding their temperature and strain rate dependent tensile behavior is the foundation for formability improvement and warm bending design. In this paper, uniaxial tensile tests were conducted at elevated temperatures ranging from 298 K to 873 K at tensile velocities of 2, 10, 15 mm/min. The main results show that the tensile behavior of LDTW TC4 tubes is different from that of TC4 sheets. The typical elongation of TC4 tubes at room temperature is 10%lower than that of TC4 sheets. The flow stress of TC4 tubes decreases greatly by about 50% with the temperature rising to 873 K. At temperatures of 573–673 K, the hardening exponent is at its highest value, which means the deformation mechanism changes from twining to more dislocation movement by slipping. The fracture elongation of TC4 tubes fluctuates with increasing temperature,which is associated with changes in the deformation mechanism and with the blue brittleness. The fractography of TC4 tubes at various temperatures, especially at 673 K, shows that second phases and impurities significantly influence fracture elongation. By considering the characteristics of the tensile behavior and by properly choosing the die material, the warm bending for TC4 tubes can be achieved at temperatures of 723–823 K.     

Effect of sodium tartrate concentrations on morphology and characteristics of anodic oxide film on titanium alloy Ti–10V–2Fe–3Al

The effect of sodium tartrate concentrations on morphology and characteristics of ano-dic oxide film on titanium alloy was investigated. The alloy substrates were anodized in different concentration solutions of sodium tartrate with the addition of PTFE emulsion and their morphol-ogy and characteristics were analyzed. The anodic oxide film presented a uniform petaloid drums and micro-cracks morphology. Additionally, micro-cracks dramatically swelled with the increase of the tartrate concentrations. The thickness of the anodic oxide film increased with the concentra-tions until the concentration reached 15 g/L. The results of Raman analysis illustrate that all sam-ples have similarity in the crystal structure, consisting of mainly amorphous TiO2, some anatase TiO2 and a small amount of rutile TiO2. And the ratios of anatase TiO2 and rutile TiO2 increase with the concentrations until it reaches 15 g/L. Furthermore, the intensity of the peaks increases with enhanced concentrations until the concentration reaches 15 g/L. The corrosion resistance of the anodic oxide film is increased by the sodium tartrate with higher concentrations before 15 g/L. The coefficient of friction of the anodic oxide film reduces with the concentrations until the concentration reaches 15 g/L, then the coefficient of friction of the anodic oxide film increases with the concentrations.     

Ti—15V—3Cr—3Sn—3Al合金板材的再结晶与织构特征

较系统地研究了Ｔｉ－１５Ｖ－３Ｃｒ－３Ｓｎ－３Ａｌ合金板材的再结晶及其影响因素，并确定了再结晶图。试验中还测定了板材织构类型与轧制工艺及退火处理的关系，为该合金的成形加工及质量控制提供依据。     

Tribological evaluation of surface modified H13 tool steel in warm forming of Ti–6Al–4V titanium alloy sheet

The H13 hot-working tool steel is widely used as die material in the warm forming of Ti–6Al–4V titanium alloy sheet. However, under the heating condition, severe friction and lubricating conditions between the H13 tools and Ti–6Al–4V titanium alloy sheet would cause difficulty in guaranteeing forming quality. Surface modification may be used to control the level of friction force, reduce the friction wear and extend the service life of dies. In this paper, four surface modification methods(chromium plating, TiAlN coating, surface polishing and nitriding treatment)were applied to the H13 surfaces. Taking the coefficient of friction(CoF) and the wear degree as evaluation indicators, the high-temperature tribological behavior of the surface modified H13 steel was experimentally investigated under different tribological conditions. The results of this study indicate that the tribological properties of the TiAlN coating under dry friction condition are better than the others for a wide range of temperature(from room temperature to 500 C), while there is little difference of tribological properties between different surface modifications under graphite lubricated condition, and the variation law of CoF with temperature under graphite lubricated is opposite to that under the dry friction.     

Comparative investigation on high-speed grinding of TiCp/Ti–6Al–4V particulate reinforced titanium matrix composites with single-layer electroplated and brazed CBN wheels

In order to develop the high-efficiency and precision machining technique of Ti Cp/Ti–6Al–4V particulate reinforced titanium matrix composites(PTMCs), high-speed grinding experiments were conducted using the single-layer electroplated cubic boron nitride(CBN) wheel and brazed CBN wheel, respectively. The comparative grinding performance was studied in terms of grinding force, grinding temperature, grinding-induced surface features and defects. The results display that the grinding forces and grinding temperature obtained with the brazed CBN wheel are always lower than those with the electroplated CBN wheel. Though the voids and microcracks are the dominant grinding-induced surface defects, the brazed CBN wheel produces less surface defects compared to the electroplated wheel according to the statistical analysis results. The maximum materials removal rate with the brazed CBN wheel is much higher than that with the electroplated one. All above indicate that the single-layer brazed CBN super-abrasive wheel is more suitable for high-speed grinding of PTMCs than the electroplated counterpart.