1-3型压电纤维主动薄壁梁扭转特性

从薄壁梁理论出发,在考虑扭转翘曲影响的情况下,推导了1-3型压电纤维复合材料主动薄壁梁的几何方程、本构方程和静力学控制方程。在此基础上,采用该理论分析了4类典型铺层方式的主动薄壁梁在控制电压作用下产生的主动力和变形模式。分析指出,采用适当的铺层方式,可以使得1-3型压电纤维复合材料主动薄壁梁具有主动扭转能力,特别是纯扭转能力。算例同时分析了主动薄壁梁主动扭转能力随压电纤维的体积比、铺层角、外界电场强度以及薄壁梁的长度等因素的变化规律。算例结果表明,本文分析方法具有较好的精度,1-3型压电纤维复合材料主动薄壁梁具有良好的主动扭转特性,这将大大扩大主动结构的自由度控制范围,特别是扭转自由度的控制范围。     

Nonlinear control and stability analysis of spacecraft attitude recovery

The problem of automated attitude recovery of rigid and flexible spacecraft is investigated using feedback linearization control and a novel approach for generating the control error signal based on quaternion addition. The attitude and flexible dynamics equations for a class of spacecraft is presented. The resulting nonlinear and coupled equations of the system are implemented into a high-fidelity user-friendly simulation environment. The simulator is used for the investigation of attitude recovery of flexible spacecraft using the feedback linearization approach. Since the flexible spacecraft is underactuated, the input-output linearization technique was specifically used to break up the system into two distinct parts, namely 1) an external linearizable system for which a linear controller can be easily implemented, and 2) an internal nonlinear unobservable system for which the associated zero dynamics is shown to be asymptotically stable for two representative cases. The overall closed-loop stability of the flexible spacecraft is analyzed rigorously and shown to be asymptotically stable using Lyapunov's method     

声载荷作用下高温薄壁结构响应特性分析

先进的航空航天器表面结构暴露在严酷的工作载荷环境中,包括复杂的机械力载荷、压力载荷、声载荷和热载荷等,航空航天器表面结构可简化为薄壁结构,在复合载荷作用下结构以非线性方式响应,呈现出复杂的响应特性。首先以热弹性力学、板壳理论及结构稳定性原理为基础,建立热及噪声载荷联合作用下薄壁板运动模态方程,讨论了薄壁结构跳变响应的机理,进而运用等价线性化方法求解模态方程,在此基础上分析了热及噪声载荷对薄壁结构屈曲的影响,进而探讨了热及噪声载荷作用下薄壁结构的非线性响应统计特性。计算了四边简支高温钛合金薄板在声载荷下四个关键点处的均方应变,为进一步开展薄壁结构声疲劳寿命估算和强度设计奠定了基础。     

Analysis of the resonance and ways of its elimination at the descent of spacecrafts in the rarefied atmosphere

In this paper uncontrolled motions of blunt-shaped spacecrafts of small elongation descended in the rarefied atmosphere is considered. Such spacecrafts can have three balancing position of a spatial angle of attack. It can result in a resonance at change of a dynamic pressure at the descend. It is shown, that numerical integration of equations of perturbed motion does not allow to receive authentic results because of stochastic character of transients. Procedure of calculation of the upper and lower estimates of parameters of motion with use of received averaged equations and a stability criteria is developed. Efficiency of this procedure is shown on an example of hypothetical spacecraft descent. The analysis of ways of the resonance elimination is executed. In result, analytical formulas for the initial angular velocity of the spacecraft and for spacecraft's geometrical parameters are obtained.     

大型挠性充液卫星的动力学模型

研究了带有多个挠性附件和液体燃料贮箱的中继卫星系统的动力学建模问题。给出了微重力下小幅线性晃动等效模型基本参数，用混合坐标法描述中继卫星系统的构形，利用虚功原理推导出的矩阵形式的中继卫星动力学模型简洁且具有一般性，适用于许多开链飞行器系统。     

基于空间算子代数的航天器多体动力学递推实时仿真算法

进一步发展了空间算子代数符号体系,给出了一组坐标系无关空间矢量,张量和矢阵符号表示和相应的坐标投影规则.基于空间算子代数符号体系,推导了适用于航天器实时仿真的无根、树状拓扑、开环多体动力学递推算法,并根据投影规则给出了递推算法在惯性坐标系的投影方程.新的空间算子代数符号体系有符号定义严格,推导过程力学概念清晰,推导结果易于实时仿真程序实现的优点.推导的递推算法非常适合于正逆混合问题和变拓扑问题的求解,可以满足多体航天器动力学实时仿真的要求.     

Conception of spacecraft centralized power supply

A reliable power supply for spacecraft is one of the central problems determining the future development of space technology. The traditional solution to this problem implies having an autonomous power plant on board each spacecraft. The most widely used are power plants with solar cells. However, there exists an alternative power supply concept of using a centralized power supply system (CPSS) and power transmission to the user satellites by laser or microwave beams. Use of a CPSS has a number of advantages. In particular, it allows the spacecraft to increase power supply level and service life as well as to decrease the spacecraft mass and cost. However, it sets new physical and technical problems associated with long distance power transmission and requires some changes in spacecraft structure and concepts. The feasibility study of CPSS development and use has to rely on existing or firmly forecastable technologies. An attempt of such an analysis has been done by a group of scientists at Moscow State Aviation Institute during 1994-1996. The very first results have already been published. This paper discusses new results obtained lately regarding a space based CPSS     

复合材料闭剖面加筋薄壁梁刚度系数计算分析

复合材料的可设计性为通过弹性剪裁来获得想要的变形模式带来了优势,其结构的耦合特性如拉扭耦合和弯扭耦合可以利用复合材料的各向异性来实现。以薄壁壳结构力学理论为基础,采用多种理论方法研究分析正交各向异性壳体本构关系,给出适合复合材料层压板矩形闭剖面薄壁梁截面的刚度系数解析表达;采用逐阶近似方法,完整设计复杂闭剖面的刚度系数数值算法;针对两种典型的复合材料铺层的矩形闭剖面梁截面布局构型,进行刚度特性的计算分析与讨论,获得铺层角度对复合材料薄壁梁弯曲、扭转及弯扭耦合刚度特性的定量结果。对分析设计闭剖面薄壁结构刚度条件具有应用价值。     

太阳帆航天器动力学建模与求解

 太阳帆航天器动力学建模与求解是姿态控制与结构振动抑制的基础,具有重要的理论与工程意义。针对带有控制杆和控制叶片的太阳帆航天器,进行结构的合理简化。应用矢量力学基本原理,推导出考虑弹性振动的太阳帆航天器姿态动力学方程,再对其进行简化,分别得到基于控制叶片和控制杆的两类太阳帆航天器的姿态动力学方程,联立太阳帆支撑杆振动方程,结合非约束模态的定义对运行于超地球同步转移轨道的太阳帆航天器动力学方程进行了求解及分析,结果表明所建立的太阳帆动力学模型可准确地描述柔性太阳帆航天器的动力学特性。     

一种基于轨道根数约束的最优制导方法

针对航天器空间变轨的制导问题,研究了一种基于轨道根数约束的最优制导方法。在地心惯性坐标系下直接建立航天器的最优控制模型,给出了位置速度表达式和协态变量初值之间的关系;进一步,在不约束真近点角的前提下,推导了5个轨道根数的约束方程,并通过对轨道根数和最优控制理论中协态方程的特性分析,获得了另外两个约束方程。协态变量初值可直接通过求解7个完整约束方程组获得,进而得到最优推力方向。仿真验证了所提制导方法的有效性。     

Space Interferometry Mission spacecraft pointing error budgets

Preliminary error budgets for the pointing knowledge, control, and stability of the Space Interferometry Mission (SIM) spacecraft are constructed using the specifications of commercial off-the-shelf attitude determination sensors, attitude control actuators, and other spacecraft capabilities that have been demonstrated in past missions. Results obtained indicate that we can meet all the presently known spacecraft pointing requirements. A large number of derived requirements are generated from this study. Examples are specifications on attitude determination sensors, attitude control actuators, minimum settling time after a rest-to-rest spacecraft slew. Preliminary error budgets constructed in this study must be updated to reflect the changing spacecraft design and requirements     

绕飞慢自旋小天体的航天器运动分析

针对可以用三轴椭球体近似建模的小天体,给出了非球形引力势函数,建立了航天器绕飞小天体的轨道动力学方程。利用Jacobi积分常数绘制了探测器在小天体周围的零速度曲线,并分析了探测器的可能运动区域,给出了航天器不碰撞小天体的边界条件。针对绕飞慢自旋小天体的情况,基于平均轨道根数的近似解分析了小天体扁率和椭率的摄动影响,并给出了几条冻结轨道及其稳定条件。     

飞机偏离预测研究之探讨

本文根据飞机偏离运动的特性,利用飞机非线性运动方程组的导算子矩阵研究副翼操纵时飞机闭环稳定性,获得了飞机偏离预测的新判据。通过对6架飞机偏离特性的计算,表明该判据简单有效切实可行,并且与Bihrle判据以及Weissman判据取得了较好的一致。     

动态压缩系统模型在某型高压压气机中的应用

将动态压缩系统模型应用于某型双转子发动机的高压压气机中。基于逐级特性，分析了高压压气机在进口平面温度突升条件下的动态响应及气动稳定性，进一步确定了进口温度突升条件下轴流压缩系统的失稳判别准则，并给出了高压压气机失稳的首发级。     

Adaptive finite-time backstepping control for attitude tracking of spacecraft based on rotation matrix

This paper investigates two finite-time controllers for attitude control of spacecraft based on rotation matrix by an adaptive backstepping method. Rotation matrix can overcome the draw- backs of unwinding which makes a spacecraft perform a large-angle maneuver when a small-angle maneuver in the opposite rotational direction is sufficient to achieve the objective, With the use of adaptive control, the first robust finite-time controller is continuous without a chattering phenom- enon. The second robust finite-time controller can compensate external disturbances with unknown bounds. Theoretical analysis shows that both controllers can make a spacecraft following a time-varying reference attitude signal in finite time and guarantee the stability of the overall closed-loop system. Numerical simulations are presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed control schemes.     

Vibration signal-based chatter identification for milling of thin-walled structure

In high speed milling aeronautical part, tool condition monitoring(TCM) is very important, because it is prone to get a chatter owing to the low stiffness of thin-walled structures. And the TCM is key technology for automated machining. In this paper, aiming to chatter monitoring in thin-walled structure milling, a variational mode decomposition – energy distribution(VMD-ED)method is proposed to improve the identification accuracy. And a moving average root mean square – mean value(MARMS-MV) ide...     

基于浸入与不变理论的航天器姿态跟踪自适应控制

针对惯性参数不确定的航天器姿态跟踪控制问题，基于浸入与不变（I&I）方法设计出了一种新的姿态跟踪控制器。研究结果表明，传统的浸入与不变方法运用到姿态跟踪模型，存在参数回归矩阵不可积进而导致偏微分方程无解析解的问题。针对该问题，提出了一种对回归矩阵改造使其满足可积条件的方法，通过动态放缩技术消除了回归矩阵改造前后的差异对闭环系统稳定性的影响，设计出了一种新的航天器姿态跟踪自适应控制器。通过李雅普诺夫稳定性分析方法证明了所设计的控制器能够保证闭环系统的全局渐近稳定性。相对于已有的基于动态放缩法的浸入与不变控制器，设计了一种全新的缩放因子，使得控制器的执行不需要缩放因子的信息，并且也不需要惯量矩阵的先验信息。最后，仿真对比实验进一步验证了所设计控制器的有效性和优越性。     

Dual-Spin Spacecraft Nutation Control Using Articulated Payloads

A technique is presented for achieving active control of nutation on a dual-spin spacecraft with an articulated payload through use of the payload's control system. Using the Orbiting Solar Observatory (OSO)-8 as an illustration, the closed-form solution to the nutation/control system dynamic interaction is presented. Control system design criteria are developed which establish the basic stability of the interaction. Design procedures are described to achieve the most effective nutation damping. Limitations on the amount of damping which can be achieved are characterized as functions of spacecraft and payload mass properties and servodesign parameters. The design techniques presented are verified through a series of on-orbit tests recently conducted on the OSO-8 spacecraft.     

径向简谐激励下航空发动机机匣的振动分析

根据航空发动机机匣薄壁结构的几何特征,将机匣简化为一端简支一端固支的圆柱壳结构,建立了系统的动力学方程,并采用多尺度法对动力学方程进行了求解,进而研究了径向简谐激励下机匣动力学方程的零解及非零解的稳定性,并讨论了系统单模态运动发展到复合模态运动以及能量在模态之间的转移过程,最后采用数值方法研究了径向简谐激励下机匣的振动特性.结果表明:随着径向简谐激励的增加,系统表现为周期运动、倍周期运动及混沌运动交替出现.      

动态畸变下轴流压缩系统失稳判别的统一准则

对动态畸变条件下多级轴流压缩系统气动失稳判别进行了详细的数值分析。基于动态压缩系统模型，发展了一种动态畸变下轴流压缩系统失稳判别的统一准则。应用新准则分别对进口动态温度、动态压力及动态动力—温度组合畸变下的多级轴流压缩系统的气动稳定性进行了预测分析。通过与实验结果的定性比较，给出了相应进气条件下压缩系统可能失稳的首发级。