高湍流度格栅的数值模拟及设计方法研究

为探讨高湍流度格栅的几何设计方法,采用基于非结构网格的大涡模拟方法,以单平面格栅为研究对象,计算分析了不同格栅稠度、几何形状、来流雷诺数及表面粗糙度下,格栅后湍流度、各向同性特征沿流向的变化。结果表明,格栅稠度对各向同性湍流度基本无影响,稠度增加能增加格栅初始湍流度;存在优化的格栅形状、与格栅尺寸变化相关的来流雷诺数及格栅表面粗糙度,能改善湍流各向同性特征,进而提高格栅湍流度。     

圆形域内串列双柱振动诱导的定常整流流动的数值模拟

本文在ε１和Ｒｓ≥０（１）下采用贴体网格生成、数值求解ＮＳ方程研究圆形域内串列等直径双柱作同频同相小振幅振动在静止粘性不可压缩流体中诱导的Ｓｔｏｋｅｓ层外的定常整流旋涡流动。数值结果表明,流场外边界的存在使大于临界雷诺数时外边界附近产生高阶分离旋涡,在很小的整流雷诺数变化范围内造成整流流谱改变。串列双柱柱间距的增加及圆域对振动柱柱径比的减小都使发生高阶分离的临界整流雷诺数之值下降。     

飞翼无人机保形进气道耦合进口格栅气动与隐身综合特性

基于飞翼无人机(UAV)保形进气道和工程应用实例,进行了不同格栅间距的格栅设计。结合多层快速多极子方法(MLFMM)和混合网格计算方法,开展了保形进口格栅气动和隐身综合特性研究。结果表明:①随着格栅尺寸（间距)减小,格栅隐身效果逐渐增强;频率为1GHz下,格栅间距为波长的1/3时,格栅电磁屏蔽效率约为48.93%,而当格栅间距达到波长的1/6时,接近于完全屏蔽;②保形进口格栅对无人机翼面上流动干扰较小而对进气道内流特性影响明显;③随着格栅尺寸减小,全机升阻特性逐渐略微下降,进气道出口截面总压恢复逐渐降低而畸变指数逐渐增大。      

导流格栅对发射箱内冲击波强度影响仿真

针对发射箱内添加导流格栅导致箱内冲击波强度变化的问题,构建了燃气流与后盖开启过程相互耦合的数值仿真模型,并基于动网格技术进行了仿真计算。研究结果表明:添加导流格栅后,箱内及前盖冲击波强度均有所增加,前盖压强峰值增加约 5%,导流格栅安装位置越靠近发动机喷管,箱内冲击波强度增幅越大。研究结果可为发 射箱内导流格栅设计提供理论参考。     

某型双轴涡喷发动机在高空台试车“放炮”故障分析及排除

本文介绍进口流场畸变对发动机稳定性的影响.文章针对某型双轴涡喷发动机在湍流型动态畸变流场条件下压气机喘振放炮的实例,重点分析了该发动机在高空台喘振放炮的原因及其排除故障的方法.增设气动格栅和收敛段整流装置可使进口流场较为均匀,使涡喷发动机在高空台地面进气流场下工作稳定可靠.     

圆形域内患列双柱振动诱导的定常整流流动的数值模拟

本文在ε〈〈１和Ｒｓ≥０（１）下采用贴体网格生成,数值求解ＮＳ方程研究圆形域内串列等直径双柱作同频相小振幅振动在静止粘性不可压缩流体中诱导的Ｓｔｏｋｅｓ层外的定常整流旋涡流动。     

高超声速数值激波失稳的网格依赖性

高超声速强激波的稳定捕捉仍极具挑战性。目前工程计算中普遍应用的数值格式在模拟多维强激波时通常会遭遇明显的激波不稳定现象,且数值格式的激波稳定性对计算网格表现出严重的依赖性。基于矩阵稳定性分析法,对比了具有不同耗散性质的数值格式稳定捕捉激波的能力,分析了空间二阶精度格式的激波稳定性及限制器对激波稳定性的影响。在此基础上,重点探究了计算网格对激波稳定性的影响规律,研究了网格长宽比和畸变角度对激波稳定性的影响。结果显示,在激波附近通过增大网格长宽比或改变网格畸变角度可有效改善激波捕捉的稳定性;相比于增大网格长宽比,改变网格畸变角度提升激波捕捉稳定性的效果更加明显。在此基础上,结合数值耗散分析对高马赫数下数值激波失稳现象的网格依赖性机制进行了探讨。     

格栅翼减阻特性研究

为了探索减少格栅翼阻力的方法和途径，进行了超声速M∞＝2．521下格栅翼的边框几何形状和尺寸以及格栅翼茎厚度、格栅几何形状对格栅翼阻力特性影响的风洞实验。结果显示，格栅翼的边框对格栅翼的阻力影响最大，选择合适的边框厚度和剖面形状可以有效地减少格栅翼的阻力。     

基于失效模式的格栅承力筒结构缩比模型研究

针对工程实际中大尺寸格栅承力筒的缩比模型验证需求,以相似理论为基础,采用方程分析法对格栅承力筒结构轴压下的力学性能进行分析,建立了整体失稳、局部失稳和材料破坏三种失效模式对应的临界承载力方程;利用格栅的等效刚度和临界承载力方程构建缩比模型;最后通过有限元模拟对结构原件和缩比件的力学性能进行对比分析与验证。结果表明建立的缩比方法可以有效反映结构原件的力学性能,可代替大尺寸结构原件用于后续研究。     

混合网格方法在栅格翼数值模拟中的应用研究

栅格翼是采用一种蜂房结构设计的升力面和控制面,和传统舵面相比具有铰链力矩小、能在较大攻角下保持升力等特点,并得到了越来越广泛的应用。由于栅格尾翼的特殊结构,网格生成具有很大的难度。本文采用了结构、非结构混合网格的办法,在弹体和栅格翼的物面附近区域,生成适合粘性计算的大长宽比的结构网格,弹体网格和栅格翼网格之间采用非结构网格进行填充,满足非结构网格和结构网格交接面的完全对接。本文基于结构/非结构网格体系采用有限体积方法求解NS方程,对不同舵偏角下的栅格翼构形进行了数值模拟,并通过实验结果对数值方法进行了验证。     

有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计难点问题

有翼高超声速再入飞行器是近年来的研究热点,气动设计是飞行器设计的关键。为了更清楚地认识有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计的难点问题,对有翼高超声速再入飞行器的发展、优势及总体任务剖面进行了介绍,从5个方面详细介绍了该类飞行器气动设计的难点问题,包括多约束复杂面对称气动布局设计、高温真实气体效应对气动特性影响、天地差异与天地换算方法、反作用控制系统(RCS)喷流干扰对气动特性的影响以及气动数据不确定度等,简要阐明了这些难点问题对总体设计的重要性以及初步的解决思路,为有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计提供了一些参考。     

Simulation and Analysis of Crashworthiness of Fuel Tank for Helicopters

Crashworthiness requirement of fuel tanks is one of the important requirements in helicopter designs. The relations among the protection frame, textile layer and rubber layer of the fuel tank are introduced. Two appropriate FE models are established, one is for an uncovered helicopter fuel tank without protection frame, and the other is for fuel tank with protection frame. The dynamic responses of the two types of fuel tanks impinging on the ground with velocities of 17.3 m/s are numerically simulated for the purpose of analyzing energy-absorbing capabilities of the textile layer and protection frame. The feasibility of the current crashworthiness design of the fuel tank is examined though comparing the dynamic response behaviors of the two fuel tanks.     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

突破技术趋同，波音再现竞争优势

 波音公司面临着来自空客公司的巨大挑战,企业战略性创新才是公司成功的关键。为此波音公司的全部战略性研究集中在扩大产品的差异性上,体现在3个方面：电子化（e-Enabled）运营环境、整体复合材料机身部件的制造技术和支持波音787客机的全球协同环境（GCE）。     

临近空间飞行器测控与信息传输系统频段选择

 临近空间飞行器是高性能信息化武器平台,测控（TT&;C）与信息传输系统是其信息保障的核心,而选择合理、可行的频段是展开系统设计的前提和基础。频段选择影响到整个技术方案的制定,是一个需综合考虑、影响深远并具有战略意义的关键问题,从国际电联（ITU）国际标准、高速数传、接收信噪比（SNR）、“三抗”、超视距中继、黑障、雨衰以及设备研制成熟度8个方面全面、细致论证了近空间平台测控系统的频段选择问题,最终得出在视距链路中以Ka频段为宜,在超视距链路中以Ku/Ka双频段为宜的结论。     

基于弯曲激波压缩系统的高超声速进气道反设计研究进展

总结了近十年来弯曲激波压缩研究的主要成果。提出了弯曲激波压缩系统的新概念,即利用特殊设计的楔形弯曲压缩面或空间弯曲压缩面,产生一系列与前缘弱激波相互交汇或叠加的压缩波系,从而使前缘激波弯曲,形成特殊的弯曲激波,它与波后的等熵压缩波来共同完成对气流的压缩。在此基础上,实现了由给定出口气动参数的超声速内流道反设计,实现了由给定压缩面压力分布和给定压缩面马赫数分布要求的型面反设计,实现了由给定激波波面的压缩型面反设计。研究证明,弯曲压缩面-弯曲激波压缩系统具有良好的综合气动性能,为高性能高超声速进气系统的气动设计提供了一种全新的设计方法。     

Experimental Study on Effects of Fuel Injection on Scramjet Combustor Performance

In order to investigate the effects of fuel injection distribution on the scramjet combustor performance, there are conducted three sets of test on a hydrocarbon fueled direct-connect scramjet test facility. The results of Test A, whose fuel injection is carried out with injectors located on the top-wall and the bottom-wall, show that the fuel injection with an appropriate close-front and centralized distribution would be of much help to optimize combustor performances. The results of Test B, whose fuel injection is performed at the optimal injection locations found in Test A, with a given equivalence ratio and different injection proportions for each injector, show that this injection mode is of little benefit to improve combustor performances. The results of Test C with a circumferential fuel injection distribution displaies the possibility of ameliorating combustor performance. By analyzing the effects of injection location parameters on combustor performances on the base of the data of Test C, it is clear that the injector location has strong coupled influences on combus- tor performances. In addition, an inner-force synthesis specific impulse is used to reduce the errors caused by the disturbance of fuel supply and working state of air heater while assessing combustor performances.     

(高)超声速流动试验技术及研究进展

近年来,与高速飞行器相关的(高)超声速流动受到了极大的关注。这类流动所具有的非定常性、强梯度和可压缩性对试验方法和风洞设计技术提出了挑战。超声速纳米示踪平面激光散射(NPLS)技术是由作者所在团队研发的非接触光学测试技术。它能够以较高的空间分辨率来揭示超声速三维流场的一个瞬态剖面的时间解析的流动结构。介绍了NPLS技术以及基于NPLS开发的密度场测量、雷诺应力测量和气动光学波前测量等方法,并回顾了这些技术在超声速边界层、超声速混合层、超声速压缩拐角、激波/边界层相互作用和光学头罩绕流等流动中的应用,清晰地再现了边界层、混合层、激波等典型流场结构及其时空演化特性。另外,为了模拟和研究高空大气条件下边界层自然转捩和超声速混合层的转捩特性,介绍了高超声速静风洞、超-超混合层风洞的设计技术以及层流化喷管的设计方法。     

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.