卫星质心三轴快速测量配重新工艺

文章介绍在某型号的结构星质心测试中,克服了传统工艺的局限性,采用了新的测试工艺,利用倾斜法对卫星三个坐标轴上的质心位置进行快速测量并配重,节省了时间,在实践中取得了很好的效果。     

用质量反应法测试方舱质心高度

在方舱的设计计算和试验中，方舱质心高度是一个重要的参数。本文试从测试前的技术准备、测试方法、数据处理等方面，介绍用质量反应法测试方舱质心高度的方法。     

基于MISQP的再入航天器质量特性配平设计

为解决某再入航天器质量特性配平过程中质量、质心、惯性矩及惯性积等多个约束条件相互耦合的问题,文章建立了再入航天器配平设计优化问题的数学模型,采用基于混合整数序列二次规划(MISQP)的优化方法获得配平设计最优解,以最小的配平用量同时满足了质心位置、惯性矩和惯性积等复杂质量特性的约束,并与测试结果进行了对比,结果表明设计值与实测值基本一致。文章提出的配平设计方法可为各类航天器的配平布局优化提供借鉴。     

导弹质量特性测量装置设计

设计了一种导弹质量、质心、转动惯量一体化测量设备，可在同一台设备设计上完成导弹质量、轴向和径向质心、俯仰偏航方向的转动惯量测量。该装置主要由测试平台、活动支架、沿导弹纵轴滑动的精确定位机构、三个测力传感器和一个倒扭摆机构组成。了该装置质量特性测量方法，定量分析了测量误差，并总结了此类装置设计的几个关键问题。     

某固体发动机安全机构测试仪静电电磁兼容研究

对某数字单元测试仪在测试固体发动机安全机构过程中由于受到静电放电(ESD)干扰导致的测试终止问题进行了分析.实验研究了测试仪的静电兼容能力,通过采取低通滤波器可靠接地、测试线绞合、操作面板增加防静电网层等技术,对测试仪进行了抗静电加固.改进后的产品在静电直接放电作用时可耐受8 000 V静电,耦合放电时10 000 V测试仪仍能正常工作.     

自动多功能电缆测试仪的设计

阐述了自动多功能电缆测试仪的主要技术指标,分析了该产品的工作原理,并从硬件、软件两个方面,对实现过程进行了阐述;试用结果表明,该测试仪能够对各种电缆网自动实现测试,测试速度快,准确性高,大大提高了测试效率。     

使用T3Ster对宇航电子元器件内部热特性的测量

文章介绍了使用MicReD公司的热测试仪33Ster测量元器件内部热特性的方法。T3Ster测试仪可以测试各类IC、LED、散热器、热管等电子器件的热特性以及PCB、导热材料等的热阻、热客及导热系数、接触热阻等热特性。使用33Ster测试仪对某航天器用电子元器件内部热特性进行了测量,并与器件资料中的热特性数据进行比对,二者相对误差为0．07％,验证了q3Ster测试仪具有测试高可靠度要求的宇航级电子元器件热特性的能力。为宇航电子元器件的热设计与热分析提供重要的试验依据。     

PC104模块在高精度频率测量中的应用

小型化与便携是现代测试仪器设计所追求的目标。针对PC104总线系统具有体积小、结构紧凑等特点，在设计航空设备频率测试仪时，采用了PC104模块作为控制与测量的核心部分。设计的结果表明，该套频率测试仪具有体积小、重量轻、测试准确等特点。     

固体火箭发动机质心测量技术研究

介绍了一种发动机质心测量方法，它是一种建立在两传感器测质心轴向位置，小量程单传感器测质心径向位置的基础之上，通过添加磁尺建立几何测量系统，测量发动机质心的方法；阐述了这种测量方法的原理、设备结构和计算公式，并对测量误差进行了估算与分析。     

返回舱动稳定特性风洞试验的影响参数

再入飞行器需要大阻力减速而采取钝锥外形,这种气动布局外形的飞行器动稳定风洞试验结果易受到质心位置、尾迹干扰和极限环运动等因素的影响。通过风洞试验研究了不同质心位置、不同支撑方式下尾迹干扰对返回舱配平角和动稳定性的影响,以及不同稳定模态下,试验方法对试验结果的影响。指出了在动稳定风洞试验中必须精确模拟返回舱质心位置,在大攻角状态下采取弯支杆支撑方式减少尾迹干扰,并针对极限环运动,采取轴承一滑块大振幅自由振动试验,才能得到正确的返回舱动稳定特性。     

On the stability of the track of the space elevator

A string moving with geostationary angular velocity in its radial relative equilibrium configuration around the Earth, reaching from the surface of the Earth far beyond the geostationary height, could be used as track for an Earth to space elevator. This is an old dream of mankind, originating about 100 years ago in Russia. Besides the question of feasibility from a technological point of view also the question concerning the stability of such a configuration has not yet been completely solved. Under the assumption that a proper material (carbon nanotubes) is available, making the connection possible technologically, we address the question of existence and stability of the radial relative equilibrium of a tapered string on a circular geosynchronous trajectory around the Earth, reaching from the surface of the Earth far beyond the geostationary height.     

On the Possibility of the Existence of Volatile Compounds in the Region of the Scott Crater on the Moon

In this paper, we analyze the illumination conditions, the thermal regime, and the possibility of deposits of volatile compounds existing in the vicinity region (NSR S5 region) near the southern pole of the Moon. It has been found that there are no permanently shadowed zones near the Scott crater and the NSR S5 region, though the temperature conditions allow the of compounds such as CH₃OH, SO₂, NH₃, CO₂, H₂S, C₂H₄, and water to remain stable relative to evaporation for a long time (≥1 Gyr). It has been also shown that compounds like CO and CH₄ cannot stably exist in these regions.     

对老年人体育锻炼负荷量监控方法的探讨

通过对老年人体育锻炼活动的情况进行相关调查，发现目前老年人体育锻炼中存在一些误区。因此本文针对这些现实情况提出，应根据实际情况运用一些简单易行的方法来对老年人体育锻炼实施医务监督，达到提高老年人体育锻炼的科学性。     

Estimation of the current density and analysis of the geometry of the current system surrounding the Earth

The results of an investigation of the distribution of plasma pressure, pressure gradients, and magnetic field near the equatorial plane in the plasma ring surrounding the Earth under magneto-quiet conditions are presented. Observational data obtained during the international THEMIS mission are used. The picture of the distribution of transverse-current density near the equatorial plane was obtained under assumption of observing the magnetostatic balance condition at geocentric distances from 6 to 12R _E. In estimating the integral transverse current it was accepted that in daytime sector the magnetic-field minima on magnetic field lines are not localized in the equatorial plane. Estimates of the integral transverse current were obtained, which demonstrate the possibility of closing nighttime transverse currents at geocentric distances of up to ～12R _E inside the magnetosphere, which form a high-latitudinal continuation of the ring current.     

实施“三位一体”教育模式 提高学生的综合素质

本文介绍了“三位一体”教育模式的内容,描述亍我们实施该模式所采取的措施及取得的成效。实践表明,“三位一体”教育模式能够提高学生的综合素质,为学生毕业后的发展打下坚实基础,对教育模式的改革具有一定的指导意义。     

Estimating the accuracy of the technique of reconstructing the rotational motion of a satellite based on the measurements of its angular velocity and the magnetic field of the Earth

The paper has studied the accuracy of the technique that allows the rotational motion of the Earth artificial satellites (AES) to be reconstructed based on the data of onboard measurements of angular velocity vectors and the strength of the Earth magnetic field (EMF). The technique is based on kinematic equations of the rotational motion of a rigid body. Both types of measurement data collected over some time interval have been processed jointly. The angular velocity measurements have been approximated using convenient formulas, which are substituted into the kinematic differential equations for the quaternion that specifies the transition from the body-fixed coordinate system of a satellite to the inertial coordinate system. Thus obtained equations represent a kinematic model of the rotational motion of a satellite. The solution of these equations, which approximate real motion, has been found by the least-square method from the condition of best fitting between the data of measurements of the EMF strength vector and its calculated values. The accuracy of the technique has been estimated by processing the data obtained from the board of the service module of the International Space Station (ISS). The reconstruction of station motion using the aforementioned technique has been compared with the telemetry data on the actual motion of the station. The technique has allowed us to reconstruct the station motion in the orbital orientation mode with a maximum error less than 0.6° and the turns with a maximal error of less than 1.2°.     

Optimization of the trajectory of the spacecraft insertion into the system of heliocentric orbits

The possibility of the spacecraft insertion into the system of operational heliocentric orbits has been analyzed. It has been proposed to use a system of several operational heliocentric orbits. On each orbit, the spacecraft makes one or more revolutions around the Sun. These orbits are characterized by a relatively small perihelion radius and relatively high inclination, which allows one to investigate the polar regions of the Sun. The transition of the spacecraft from one orbit to another has been performed using an unpowered gravity assist maneuver near Venus and does not require the cruise propulsion operation. Each maneuver transfers the spacecraft into the sequence of operational heliocentric orbits. We have analyzed several systems of operational heliocentric orbits into which the spacecraft can be inserted by means of the considered transportation system with electric propulsion (EP). The mass of the spacecraft delivered to these systems of operational orbits has been estimated.     

从应变计现状看电阻式传感器的前景

电阻式传感器的核心部件——电阻应变计是目前最常用的应力分析的敏感元件。也常用于测量力、压力、扭矩和加速度等物理量。作者简要回顾了电阻应变计的发展历史，介绍了电阻应变计的结构、分类及现状，展望了电阻式传感器的前景。     

System of works on numerical modeling of the dynamics of the structure of the Space Radiotelescope in the RadioAstron project

The results of modeling the dynamics of the Space Radiotelescope are presented. The results of ground-based vibration-dynamic tests are used to validate the calculation models and estimate the damping levels. The dynamic distortions of the reflecting surface caused by the operation of the pointing mechanism of the high-gain antenna are estimated.     

复杂受载条件下固体火箭发动机壳体屈曲应力的估计

论文简略介绍了静力轴压下园柱壳屈曲应力的工程计算方法,对某固体火箭发动机壳体的复杂受载条件对壳体屈曲应力的影响进行了分析,并对该火箭发动机壳体屈曲应力如何估计提出了建议。