2008年航天报告

美国航天基金会发表的《2008年航天报告》展示了过去一年航天产业发展的新视点,航天产业是全球经济最有活力和最具创新性的产业。从2005年至今,《航天报告》像一台望远镜,每一年都在凝视着不断发展的航天产业,帮助读者更深入地认识和了解航天产业界的工作人员、航天系统、航天器运行和社会效益。为了吸引和培育更广泛的读者群,从行业专家、政府官员、研究人员到投资者,航天报告既提供详细的统计分析,又给出了前景评估。《2008年航天报告》广泛涉及了从通信卫星,及其发射、操作和投融资人员,到月球和火星探测的各个领域。它描述了以创新、扩展和机遇为特点的航天产业发展情况。     

发展航天产业与国民经济增长的关系

从发展信息处理技术、勘察国土资源、监测国土环境和减轻自然灾害等七个方面，论述了航天产业在国民经济建设中的地位和作用。应用大量实例，分析了航天产业所产生的直接和间接经济效益，认为航天产业是一支高经济效益的产业。最后分析了发展中国家发展航天产业的经济效益，认为发展中国有利用航天技术发展国民经济是一条捷径。     

美国商业航天运输及使能产业的经济影响分析和展望

商业航天运输及使能产业（CST＆EI）是商业航天运输及其带动发展的一系列产业的总称，是航天产业的重要组成部分。美国CST＆EI对国民经济的发展有着巨大的推动作用。本文搜集相关数据对美国CST＆EI的经济影响进行了定量分析,并对其未来发展进行了展望，希望能对我国商业航天产业的发展起到一定的借鉴参考作用。     

基于产业思维的航天发射服务研究

首先从核心驱动出发提出航天发展三阶段第一推动力,从产业要素出发分析航天产业进阶的市场、技术和产业政策三要素。而后从价值链出发研究航天产业产值分布和产业整合策略。最后分析了新兴航天发射服务公司的模式、产品和技术,为我国航天发射服务提供参考。     

日本宇宙航空研究开发机构长期规划2006-2025年（三）

第三章规划的实现（续） 5．航天产业的发展JAXA与产业界和行政机构合作，依据日本航天仪器产业在国际的竞争力和继续扩大航天仪器产业活动为目标，在以下4个方面综合推进航天产业发展。     

工业地产的主要开发与盈利模式及其对航天企业的启示

航天产业是当前全球经济最具发展前景和创新活力的战略性新兴产业之一,我国航天产业的发展已经进入快速增长阶段.不少航天企业为解决生产能力不足,促进航天产业向市场化、产业化、规模化方向发展,正在或即将投资建设各种类型的航天产业园;一些地方政府也在积极主导建设各种类型的航天产业园,如上海、西安建设了国家级民用航天产业基地,对地方经济社会发展起到了重大的促进作用;还有一些地方政府正密切和航天企业联系,表示希望建设航天产业园,以促进地区产业结构调整和转型升级.     

航天高技术产业发展趋势、机遇与挑战

从战略高度分析了航天技术与航天产业的发展与趋势，分析了航天技术与航天产业的特点，并为中国航天产业化的发展提出了建议。     

航天产业基础设施商业化发展思考与实践

<正>航天产业基础设施是指为航天器设计、制造、发射和运营提供基础服务的软硬件工程设施,是用于保证国家和企业正常开展航天活动的支持系统。航天产业基础设施商业化发展的优势主要体现在高效、低成本、全球化等方面。本文主要介绍航天产业基础设施的国内外发展现状,分析其在商业化发展过程中存在的问题和挑战,并介绍了北京航天驭星科技有限公司建设运营航天产业基础设施的实践经验。     

首只航天产业基金创立 将拉动上千亿航天产业链

<正>国内首只专注于航天产业发展的股权投资基金——航天产业基金于1月18日在北京创立,与此同时,负责航天产业基金管理和运作的合伙人之一——北京航天产业投资基金管理有限公司也在当日宣告成立。该基金首期募集资金30.3亿元人民币,投向集中在航天产品、航天技术应用产业、航天服务业及其相关领     

首只航天产业基金创立

1月18日,国内首只专注于航天产业发展的股权投资基金——航天产业基金在北京创立,与此同时,负责航天产业基金管理和运作的合伙人之一——北京航天产业投资基金管理有限公司也在当日宣告成立。     

On the stability of the track of the space elevator

A string moving with geostationary angular velocity in its radial relative equilibrium configuration around the Earth, reaching from the surface of the Earth far beyond the geostationary height, could be used as track for an Earth to space elevator. This is an old dream of mankind, originating about 100 years ago in Russia. Besides the question of feasibility from a technological point of view also the question concerning the stability of such a configuration has not yet been completely solved. Under the assumption that a proper material (carbon nanotubes) is available, making the connection possible technologically, we address the question of existence and stability of the radial relative equilibrium of a tapered string on a circular geosynchronous trajectory around the Earth, reaching from the surface of the Earth far beyond the geostationary height.     

On the Possibility of the Existence of Volatile Compounds in the Region of the Scott Crater on the Moon

In this paper, we analyze the illumination conditions, the thermal regime, and the possibility of deposits of volatile compounds existing in the vicinity region (NSR S5 region) near the southern pole of the Moon. It has been found that there are no permanently shadowed zones near the Scott crater and the NSR S5 region, though the temperature conditions allow the of compounds such as CH₃OH, SO₂, NH₃, CO₂, H₂S, C₂H₄, and water to remain stable relative to evaporation for a long time (≥1 Gyr). It has been also shown that compounds like CO and CH₄ cannot stably exist in these regions.     

Estimation of the current density and analysis of the geometry of the current system surrounding the Earth

The results of an investigation of the distribution of plasma pressure, pressure gradients, and magnetic field near the equatorial plane in the plasma ring surrounding the Earth under magneto-quiet conditions are presented. Observational data obtained during the international THEMIS mission are used. The picture of the distribution of transverse-current density near the equatorial plane was obtained under assumption of observing the magnetostatic balance condition at geocentric distances from 6 to 12R _E. In estimating the integral transverse current it was accepted that in daytime sector the magnetic-field minima on magnetic field lines are not localized in the equatorial plane. Estimates of the integral transverse current were obtained, which demonstrate the possibility of closing nighttime transverse currents at geocentric distances of up to ～12R _E inside the magnetosphere, which form a high-latitudinal continuation of the ring current.     

对老年人体育锻炼负荷量监控方法的探讨

通过对老年人体育锻炼活动的情况进行相关调查，发现目前老年人体育锻炼中存在一些误区。因此本文针对这些现实情况提出，应根据实际情况运用一些简单易行的方法来对老年人体育锻炼实施医务监督，达到提高老年人体育锻炼的科学性。     

实施“三位一体”教育模式 提高学生的综合素质

本文介绍了“三位一体”教育模式的内容,描述亍我们实施该模式所采取的措施及取得的成效。实践表明,“三位一体”教育模式能够提高学生的综合素质,为学生毕业后的发展打下坚实基础,对教育模式的改革具有一定的指导意义。     

Estimating the accuracy of the technique of reconstructing the rotational motion of a satellite based on the measurements of its angular velocity and the magnetic field of the Earth

The paper has studied the accuracy of the technique that allows the rotational motion of the Earth artificial satellites (AES) to be reconstructed based on the data of onboard measurements of angular velocity vectors and the strength of the Earth magnetic field (EMF). The technique is based on kinematic equations of the rotational motion of a rigid body. Both types of measurement data collected over some time interval have been processed jointly. The angular velocity measurements have been approximated using convenient formulas, which are substituted into the kinematic differential equations for the quaternion that specifies the transition from the body-fixed coordinate system of a satellite to the inertial coordinate system. Thus obtained equations represent a kinematic model of the rotational motion of a satellite. The solution of these equations, which approximate real motion, has been found by the least-square method from the condition of best fitting between the data of measurements of the EMF strength vector and its calculated values. The accuracy of the technique has been estimated by processing the data obtained from the board of the service module of the International Space Station (ISS). The reconstruction of station motion using the aforementioned technique has been compared with the telemetry data on the actual motion of the station. The technique has allowed us to reconstruct the station motion in the orbital orientation mode with a maximum error less than 0.6° and the turns with a maximal error of less than 1.2°.     

Optimization of the trajectory of the spacecraft insertion into the system of heliocentric orbits

The possibility of the spacecraft insertion into the system of operational heliocentric orbits has been analyzed. It has been proposed to use a system of several operational heliocentric orbits. On each orbit, the spacecraft makes one or more revolutions around the Sun. These orbits are characterized by a relatively small perihelion radius and relatively high inclination, which allows one to investigate the polar regions of the Sun. The transition of the spacecraft from one orbit to another has been performed using an unpowered gravity assist maneuver near Venus and does not require the cruise propulsion operation. Each maneuver transfers the spacecraft into the sequence of operational heliocentric orbits. We have analyzed several systems of operational heliocentric orbits into which the spacecraft can be inserted by means of the considered transportation system with electric propulsion (EP). The mass of the spacecraft delivered to these systems of operational orbits has been estimated.     

从应变计现状看电阻式传感器的前景

电阻式传感器的核心部件——电阻应变计是目前最常用的应力分析的敏感元件。也常用于测量力、压力、扭矩和加速度等物理量。作者简要回顾了电阻应变计的发展历史，介绍了电阻应变计的结构、分类及现状，展望了电阻式传感器的前景。     

System of works on numerical modeling of the dynamics of the structure of the Space Radiotelescope in the RadioAstron project

The results of modeling the dynamics of the Space Radiotelescope are presented. The results of ground-based vibration-dynamic tests are used to validate the calculation models and estimate the damping levels. The dynamic distortions of the reflecting surface caused by the operation of the pointing mechanism of the high-gain antenna are estimated.     

复杂受载条件下固体火箭发动机壳体屈曲应力的估计

论文简略介绍了静力轴压下园柱壳屈曲应力的工程计算方法,对某固体火箭发动机壳体的复杂受载条件对壳体屈曲应力的影响进行了分析,并对该火箭发动机壳体屈曲应力如何估计提出了建议。