基于GM模型的航空相机故障预测研究

航空相机的故障检测是其日常维护的重要内容。本文针对航空相机侦察过程特点,提出一种基于灰色模型的模糊预测策略,即应用灰色系统理论建立对象的GM预测模型,对灰色模型预测值进行模糊推理,并通过对当前过程状态进行模糊判决,从而实现对灰色模型预测步长的自适应调整,改善预测效果。     

两种模型用于卫星钟差预报的性能分析

利用二次多项式和GM（1,1）灰色系统两种模型对GPS卫星钟差进行了预报分析。计算结果表明：在短期（1d）预报中,两者的预报误差在1ns量级以内;在长期（210d）预报中,灰色模型预报精度明显高于二次多项式模型预报精度,并且灰色模型长期（210d）预报Cs钟的精度高于Rb钟。     

基于灰色理论的导弹装备故障间隔时间预测

导弹装备的故障间隔时间是其可靠性参数的重要指标,通过分析导弹装备的特点,建立了故障间隔时间预测模型.考虑到导弹装备的故障数据量有限,用一般方法准确地预测很困难,因此提出用灰色预测模型进行预测的方法,建立了GM(1,1)预测模型并用数据进行验证.验证结果表明该方法具有很好的预测精度,可用于装备故障间隔时间的预测和估算.     

基于改进灰色模型的某型雷达故障预测研究

介绍了灰色模型的基本原理和方法,引入新陈代谢算法对其不足进行改进,并用改进后的模型对某型雷达的高压电源电路进行了故障预测。通过MATLAB软件计~算和分析,结果表明:改进后的灰色模型用于预测的效果优于原模型。     

机场水泥混凝土道面疲劳可靠度的灰色预报

本文采用灰色GM（1，1）模型预测机场水泥混凝土道面的使用性能指标，并将其用于机场水泥混凝土道面疲劳可靠度的预报分析，实现了对含损伤参数的混凝土道面板未来工作状态的分析和可靠指标的预报。     

基于灰色模糊与层次分析的多属性飞机维修决策方法

针对目前飞机在维修保障决策过程中难以科学运用专家知识导致决策不当的问题,以飞机液压系统为具体研究对象,创建了基于灰色模糊与层次分析的多属性飞机维修保障决策模型。针对飞机液压系统健康监测时出现的不同故障模式,由专家知识确定不同故障模式对应的故障征兆是否出现以及出现的显著程度,依据历史故障统计数据、故障机理分析结果和故障征兆出现显著程度这3种不同要素对维修保障决策的影响程度不同,采用层次分析法分别确定3种不同要素的灰色模糊权重。在此基础上,由灰色模糊权重、隶属度、点灰度构建灰色模糊关系矩阵,结合不同专家知识权重,得到灰色模糊综合属性值,再由灰色模糊综合属性值确定飞机液压系统的最优维修决策。研究结果表明,采用所创建的保障决策模型对飞机液压系统进行维修保障决策,所得结果与实际状况相符,证明了所创建保障决策模型的有效性,其具有很好的应用价值与前景。     

灰色神经网络在齿轮箱故障识别中的应用

将灰色系统理论与神经网络相结合提出了灰色神经网络这一新的故障识别方法，将此种方法应用在齿轮箱的故障识别中，结果表明：采用灰色神经网络能够识别出来，不同工作状态下的各种故障类型，其识别的可靠性还有待于进一步提高。     

基于灰色理论的自适应多参数预测模型

故障预测对保障武器装备安全可靠工作具有重要意义。但是,用于武器装备故障诊断和预测的数据往往是小样本、多特征参数数据,当前主要的故障预测方法在实际故障预测中虽取得了一定的效果,但均存在不足之处。本文基于灰色预测建模理论,分析了GM(1,1)预测建模中的不足,考虑多个特征参数间的相互关系以及预测序列的实际特点,修正了初始值和背景值,建立了小样本情况下的自适应多特征参数预测模型,并以某型飞机发动机的多特征参数的仿真数据为例进行了预测分析,结果表明该模型具有很好的预测精度,证明了该模型的有效性。     

导弹电子设备故障的组合预测方法研究

针对传统GM(1,1)的对纯指数型序列预测的局限性,引出了改进的离散灰色DGM(1,1)模型。应用DGM(1,1)模型与时间序列AR模型的组合模型对导弹电子设备进行故障预测,并通过实例对预测精度进行了检验。     

基于灰色系统的导弹研制费用--参数模型

简述了导弹研制费用预测方法.提出了在样本数据较少的情况下使用灰色预测理论对导弹研制费用进行预测的方法.该文根据灰色系统理论,建立了GM(0,N)模型和残差修正模型,并通过实例进行了说明,获得了较高的预测精度.     

有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计难点问题

有翼高超声速再入飞行器是近年来的研究热点,气动设计是飞行器设计的关键。为了更清楚地认识有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计的难点问题,对有翼高超声速再入飞行器的发展、优势及总体任务剖面进行了介绍,从5个方面详细介绍了该类飞行器气动设计的难点问题,包括多约束复杂面对称气动布局设计、高温真实气体效应对气动特性影响、天地差异与天地换算方法、反作用控制系统(RCS)喷流干扰对气动特性的影响以及气动数据不确定度等,简要阐明了这些难点问题对总体设计的重要性以及初步的解决思路,为有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计提供了一些参考。     

Simulation and Analysis of Crashworthiness of Fuel Tank for Helicopters

Crashworthiness requirement of fuel tanks is one of the important requirements in helicopter designs. The relations among the protection frame, textile layer and rubber layer of the fuel tank are introduced. Two appropriate FE models are established, one is for an uncovered helicopter fuel tank without protection frame, and the other is for fuel tank with protection frame. The dynamic responses of the two types of fuel tanks impinging on the ground with velocities of 17.3 m/s are numerically simulated for the purpose of analyzing energy-absorbing capabilities of the textile layer and protection frame. The feasibility of the current crashworthiness design of the fuel tank is examined though comparing the dynamic response behaviors of the two fuel tanks.     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

突破技术趋同，波音再现竞争优势

 波音公司面临着来自空客公司的巨大挑战,企业战略性创新才是公司成功的关键。为此波音公司的全部战略性研究集中在扩大产品的差异性上,体现在3个方面：电子化（e-Enabled）运营环境、整体复合材料机身部件的制造技术和支持波音787客机的全球协同环境（GCE）。     

临近空间飞行器测控与信息传输系统频段选择

 临近空间飞行器是高性能信息化武器平台,测控（TT&;C）与信息传输系统是其信息保障的核心,而选择合理、可行的频段是展开系统设计的前提和基础。频段选择影响到整个技术方案的制定,是一个需综合考虑、影响深远并具有战略意义的关键问题,从国际电联（ITU）国际标准、高速数传、接收信噪比（SNR）、“三抗”、超视距中继、黑障、雨衰以及设备研制成熟度8个方面全面、细致论证了近空间平台测控系统的频段选择问题,最终得出在视距链路中以Ka频段为宜,在超视距链路中以Ku/Ka双频段为宜的结论。     

基于弯曲激波压缩系统的高超声速进气道反设计研究进展

总结了近十年来弯曲激波压缩研究的主要成果。提出了弯曲激波压缩系统的新概念,即利用特殊设计的楔形弯曲压缩面或空间弯曲压缩面,产生一系列与前缘弱激波相互交汇或叠加的压缩波系,从而使前缘激波弯曲,形成特殊的弯曲激波,它与波后的等熵压缩波来共同完成对气流的压缩。在此基础上,实现了由给定出口气动参数的超声速内流道反设计,实现了由给定压缩面压力分布和给定压缩面马赫数分布要求的型面反设计,实现了由给定激波波面的压缩型面反设计。研究证明,弯曲压缩面-弯曲激波压缩系统具有良好的综合气动性能,为高性能高超声速进气系统的气动设计提供了一种全新的设计方法。     

Experimental Study on Effects of Fuel Injection on Scramjet Combustor Performance

In order to investigate the effects of fuel injection distribution on the scramjet combustor performance, there are conducted three sets of test on a hydrocarbon fueled direct-connect scramjet test facility. The results of Test A, whose fuel injection is carried out with injectors located on the top-wall and the bottom-wall, show that the fuel injection with an appropriate close-front and centralized distribution would be of much help to optimize combustor performances. The results of Test B, whose fuel injection is performed at the optimal injection locations found in Test A, with a given equivalence ratio and different injection proportions for each injector, show that this injection mode is of little benefit to improve combustor performances. The results of Test C with a circumferential fuel injection distribution displaies the possibility of ameliorating combustor performance. By analyzing the effects of injection location parameters on combustor performances on the base of the data of Test C, it is clear that the injector location has strong coupled influences on combus- tor performances. In addition, an inner-force synthesis specific impulse is used to reduce the errors caused by the disturbance of fuel supply and working state of air heater while assessing combustor performances.     

(高)超声速流动试验技术及研究进展

近年来,与高速飞行器相关的(高)超声速流动受到了极大的关注。这类流动所具有的非定常性、强梯度和可压缩性对试验方法和风洞设计技术提出了挑战。超声速纳米示踪平面激光散射(NPLS)技术是由作者所在团队研发的非接触光学测试技术。它能够以较高的空间分辨率来揭示超声速三维流场的一个瞬态剖面的时间解析的流动结构。介绍了NPLS技术以及基于NPLS开发的密度场测量、雷诺应力测量和气动光学波前测量等方法,并回顾了这些技术在超声速边界层、超声速混合层、超声速压缩拐角、激波/边界层相互作用和光学头罩绕流等流动中的应用,清晰地再现了边界层、混合层、激波等典型流场结构及其时空演化特性。另外,为了模拟和研究高空大气条件下边界层自然转捩和超声速混合层的转捩特性,介绍了高超声速静风洞、超-超混合层风洞的设计技术以及层流化喷管的设计方法。     

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.