涡轮叶片叶冠的预扭设计分析

对在工作状态下的某型航空发动机叶冠不同预扭角的低压涡轮叶片应力进行了计算分析,给出了装配状态下叶冠阻尼面应力状态的计算分析方法。     

带冠涡轮叶片干摩擦阻尼减振试验研究

为验证某型真实带冠涡轮叶片叶冠干摩擦阻尼减振效果,本文建立了可实现正压力连续调节的非旋转状态涡轮叶片试验系统,对不同接触紧度、不同接触角度的真实带冠涡轮叶片的振动响应进行了测试。通过试验分析了叶冠接触面紧度、接触角度等重要参数对带冠叶片振动特性和减振效果的影响规律,结果表明：带冠涡轮叶片出现了明显的非线性现象,同时存在一个最优的接触紧度使得该带冠涡轮叶片的减振效果最佳。接触角度的选取应综合考虑叶冠振动能量的消耗能力和带冠涡轮叶片共振频率的稳定性。     

涡轮带冠叶片干摩擦阻尼减振试验

设计一套涡轮带冠叶片干摩擦阻尼减振试验系统,并利用该试验系统对阻尼块与叶冠之间不同接触紧度、不同接触面积以及采用不同材料阻尼块时涡轮叶片动力特性和减振效果进行了分析研究.结果表明接触紧度、阻尼块的接触面积、材料以及外部激振力共同影响涡轮叶片的减振效果,共同决定该系统是否存在最优正压力以及最优正压力存在时的范围或大小.另外,激振力的变化将导致叶片的响应、系统阻尼比、共振频率以及最优正压力等一系列参数变化.试验结果能够为理论计算提供数据验证,为指导涡轮带冠叶片的减振设计提供依据.      

涡轮叶片异型冠结构优化设计

在低压涡轮叶片异型冠结构设计研究的基础上,探索异型冠结构优化设计方法。为了达到减轻质量的目的,在传统锯齿冠结构的基础上提出异型冠结构的初步设计方案,并以软件UG NX为平台,实现带异型冠涡轮叶片的参数化设计。通过对异型冠结构参数的灵敏度分析,制定了涡轮叶片异型冠结构的双目标优化设计流程。该方法实现了在保证异型冠结构强度及刚度的前提下,叶冠质量最轻及叶冠质心位置最优调控的目标。优化结果表明:叶冠质量降低了53.05%,最大应力下降了43.41%,最大径向变形量下降了45.80%。      

锯齿冠低压涡轮工作叶片叶冠防错位设计方法

针对锯齿冠低压涡轮工作叶片在使用过程中发生的叶冠错位故障,在综合分析各次叶冠错位故障发生原因的基础上,总结了锯齿冠低压涡轮工作叶片叶冠错位模式,绘制了模式图,并针对各种叶冠错位模式提出了1套完整的锯齿冠低压涡轮工作叶片预防叶冠错位的设计方法。在2型发动机上进行应用的结果表明,本方法是切实可行的。     

2种涡轮燃烧形式的涡扇发动机性能研究

为了研究不同涡轮燃烧形式对大涵道比涡扇发动机的性能影响,在传统发动机数学模型的基础上,分别加入各型涡轮燃烧结构的热力学计算模型,分析比较了在不同工作过程参数下,4种带涡轮燃烧结构发动机与传统发动机的性能（单位推力和单位燃油消耗率）随风扇增压比、高压压气机增压比、高压涡轮进口总温和涵道比的变化关系。结果表明：涡轮级间燃烧室（ITB）与涡轮叶间燃烧室(TIB)各有特点,但都能够明显提高传统分别排气涡扇发动机的性能,其中高压涡轮叶间燃烧室（HTIB）效果尤为突出     

基于整机振动响应模型的转子支承阻尼分析与试验

以某型航空发动机为例,建立了该发动机整机振动系统模型,对影响整机振动响应的不同结构挤压油膜阻尼器(SFD）建模方法进行重点分析,并通过多位置-多传感器稳定工况振动响应试验验证了模型的准确性。利用整机振动系统模型计算及对该型发动机的滑油中断试验,讨论了燃气发生器前支点（No.1支点）与自由涡轮后支点（No.3支点）处挤压油膜阻尼值对发动机稳定工况振动响应的影响,得出了该发动机整机振动响应随No.1支点油膜阻尼值增大而先减小后增大,随No.3支点油膜阻尼值增大而减小,并且可以通过适当减小No.1支点处挤压油膜阻尼值,实现发动机在最大连续工况下整机振动总量减小43.4%。      

带干摩擦阻尼结构叶/盘系统动力学分析

本文对叶轮机等动力机械中带干摩擦阻尼结构的减振机理进行了研究 ,并对带此结构的叶 /盘系统的响应特性作了深入的理论分析与数值计算。采用谐波平衡法对此系统的非线性动力学特性进行线性简化 ,建立此系统的等效刚度及等效阻尼。在有限元数值分析中导出系统的响应特性计算方法 ,并藉助于 ANSYS软件对某型涡轮风扇发动机的带凸肩风扇转子及某型涡轮喷气发动机带拉筋涡轮转子为分析实例。由不同的干摩擦阻尼下系统的幅频特性族曲线可导出阻尼的临界值 ,并导出干摩擦阻尼接触面正压力优化的概念。所得结论对今后动力机械中带干摩擦阻尼减振结构的合理设计与寻优具有指导意义     

低压涡轮叶片锯齿冠叶片阻尼面激光熔敷涂层技术

采用激光熔敷涂层新技术强化处理低压涡轮叶片锯齿冠阻尼面，在国内还属首次，它成功地解决了阻尼面微动磨蚀问题，并顺利地通过了台架试验、高空台试车和上天飞行考核。专家技术评审认为已达到国际８０年代末水平，下文介绍了叶片激光熔敷涂层及其有关的显微组织、结构与性能。     

不同叶顶结构的间隙流场及对涡轮性能的影响

为了给涡轮叶顶结构的选择提供参考,采用数值方法和标准k-ω方程湍流模型,分别研究了带冠和不带冠涡轮叶顶间隙泄漏流动状况及其对涡轮气动性能的影响,同时考虑不同间隙高度的影响。结果表明:不带冠涡轮的叶顶间隙流动是由近叶顶横向压差驱动,且在不同间隙下泄漏涡和通道涡的发展规律并不一样;而带冠涡轮的间隙流动是由上下游压差驱动,且泄漏流与主流掺混损失是泄漏损失主要组成部分。带冠涡轮叶顶间隙泄漏损失要小于不带冠涡轮的。     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.     

Preparation of Highly Dispersed Antimony-doped Tin Oxide Nano-powder via Ion-exchange Hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 and Azeotropic Drying

Antimony-doped tin hydroxide colloid precipitates have been synthesized by hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 using: (1) an ion-exchange hydrolysis to remove chlorine ions, and (2) isoamyl acetate as an azeotropic solvent to obviate water. The obtained dried powder is of high dispersivity without any need for further grinding. The size and dispersivity of the final particles are investigated with the aid of TG-DTA, BET, XRD and TEM. After having calcined, the antimony-doped tin oxide nanopowder possesses a tetragonal rutile structure with high dispersivity, uniform particles and low hard agglomeration.     

Effects of Mo on the Microstructure and Hydrogen Sorption Properties of Ti-Mo Getters

The effects of Mo on the microstructure evolution, porosity and hydrogen sorption properties of Ti-Mo getters are investigated in this work. The results show that the addition of Mo prolongs the densification process of Ti-Mo getters and results in a significant amount of sintered pores. With the Mo content increasing, the porosity of getters firstly increases reaching the maximum value as it at- tains about 7.5wt.%, and then drops. At the room temperature, the hydrogen sorption property of getters increases progressively with the Mo content increasing, but the tendency is not very clear before its content lies below 2.5wt.%. When the Mo content achieves about 7.5wt.%, the hydrogen sorption property proves to be the best. The discussion is made about the above mentioned phenomena inclusive of hydrogen sorption properties of getters under different activation conditions (from 500-750 ℃).     

超声速燃烧数值模拟中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型

高精度数值模拟有助于理解超声速湍流燃烧中湍流与化学反应的相互作用,可为发动机燃烧室等工程应用设计提供可靠的预测模型。除直接数值模拟外,目前在湍流燃烧应用中使用的大涡模拟和雷诺平均Navier-Stokes模拟均需要借助模型模化发生在湍流小尺度上的流动与化学反应过程对湍流大尺度运动的影响。现有的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型大致可分为:火焰面类模型和概率密度函数类模型,2类模型在不同的应用中各自具有优势和局限性。此外,现有模型大都基于低马赫数燃烧,而超声速燃烧中通常会伴随快速混合、局部熄火和再着火以及激波等复杂过程,这为发展其中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型提出了更多的挑战。     

适于低轨卫星IP网络的单核共享树组播算法(英文)

为了解决低轨卫星IP网络中现有典型源组播算法的信道资源浪费问题,本文提出了一套单核共享树组播算法,即核心群合并共享树(CCST)和加权核心群合并共享树(w-CCST)算法。CCST 算法包括动态近似中心(DAC)选核方法和核心群合并组播路径构建方法。DAC方法专为周期、规律运动的低轨卫星网络提出,不需要复杂的星上计算。在核心群合并方法中,以核节点作为初始核心群,通过核心群和剩余组成员的最短路径方法逐步扩展直至整棵组播树构建完成,从而使得组播树的树代价最小,大大提高了网络的带宽利用率和组播传输效率。w-CCST 算法中所提出的加权因子可以调整树代价和端到端传播时延之间的折衷程度,因此,可以通过调整加权因子来适度增大树代价、降低端到端传播时延以支持某些端到端时延要求苛刻的实时组播业务。最后,与低轨卫星 IP 网络中典型算法进行了性能比较,仿真结果说明,CCST 算法的平均树代价比其它算法显著降低,w-CCST 算法的平均端到端传播时延小于 CCST 算法。     

Jet Vectoring Control Using a Novel Synthetic Jet Actuator

A primary air jet vectoring control system with a novel synthetic jet actuator (SJA) is presented and simulated numerically. The results show that, in comparison with an existing traditional synthetic jet actuator, which is able to perform the duty of either “push” or “pull”, one novel synthetic jet actuator can fulfill both “push” and “pull” functions to vector the primary jet by shifting a slide block inside it. Therefore, because the new actuator possesses greater efficiency, it has potentiality to replace the existing one in various appli- cations, such as thrust vectoring and the reduction of thermal signature. Moreover, as the novel actuator can fulfill those functions that the existing one can not, it may well be expected to popularize it into more flow control systems.     

Nonlinear Adaptive Slewing Motion Control of Spacecraft Truss Driven by Synchronous V-gimbaled CMG Precession

The slewing motion control of a truss arm driven by a V-gimbaled control-moment-gyro (CMG) is a nonlinear control problem. The V-gimbaled CMG consists of a pair of gyros that must precess synchronously. The moment of inertia of the system, the angular momentum of the gyros and the external disturbances are not exactly known. With the help of feedback linearization and recursive Lyapunov design method, an adaptive nonlinear controller is designed to deal with the unknown items. Performance of the proposed controller is verified by simulation.     

An SOR Implicit Time-accurate Scheme in Calculating Unsteady Flows

A new time-accurate marching scheme for unsteady flow calculations is proposed in the present work. This method is the combination of classical Successive Over-Relaxation (SOR) iteration method and Jacobian matrix diagonally dominant splitting method of LUSGS. One advantage of this algorithm is the second-order accuracy because of no factorization error. Another advantage is the low computational cost because the Jacobian matrices and fluxes are only calculated once in each physical time step. And, the SOR algorithm has better convergence property than Gauss-Seidel. To investigate its accuracy and convergency, several unsteady flow computa- tional tests are carried out by using the proposed SOR algorithm. Roe’s FDS scheme is used to discritize the inviscid flux terms. Un- steady computational results of SOR are compared with the experiment results and those of Gauss-Seidel. Results reveal that the numerical results agree well with the experimental data and the second-order accuracy can be obtained as the Gauss-Seidel for unsteady flow computations. The impact of SOR factor is investigated for unsteady computations by using different SOR factors in this algorithm to simulate each computational test. Different numbers of inner iterations are needed to converge to the same criterion for different SOR factors and optimal choice of SOR factor can improve the computational efficiency greatly.