项目财务评价软件的开发与应用

在对部分高等院校进行调查了解的基础上,分析了高等院校在项目财务评价内容的教学和科研工作中采用的手段和存在的不足,介绍了项目财务评价软件的开发方法及在技术经济学课程教学中的实际应用效果,阐述了该软件的显著优点和先进性,以及实际应用前景。     

微机械制造技术的研究及应用

介绍了微机械当前的研究现状和主要的微机械制造技术,重点讨论了微机械在航空航天领域的应用前景,最后提出了我国在此领域应采取的相应策略。     

压气机叶栅中应用弯曲叶片的研究

从弯曲叶片控制叶栅二次流的机理出发,讨论了压气机叶栅中应用弯曲叶片的特殊性,并根据国内外的有关文献和通过实验所取得的研究结果,分析了压气机叶栅中应用弯曲叶片的国内外研究现状、实际应用情况及未来的发展前景。     

大功率高性能航天伺服系统发展综述

回顾了电动、电静液伺服系统国内外发展历程与研究现状,针对未来航天飞行器对伺服系统在结构强度、空间体积、环境适应性、性能指标等方面提出的新要求,在综合评价电动、电静液伺服系统性能的基础上,指出了机载功率电传一体化电作动系统关键技术与设计难点,并提出相应的解决思路,对未来一体化电作动系统发展进行了展望。     

民用飞机主最低设备清单建议稿项目模糊综合评价方法研究

民用飞机主最低设备清单建议稿（PMMEL）候选项目确定及验证是目前民用飞机主制造商通过适航审查的重要环节。本文提出一种 PMMEL 项目模糊综合评价方法,分析民用飞机 PMMEL 项目制定的目的,建立模糊综合评价因素论域;采用层次分析法计算权向量,建立 PMMEL 候选项目模糊综合评价模型,并获得模糊综合评价结果;以某型民用飞机主起落架下位锁弹簧 PMMEL 候选项目为例进行评价。结果表明：PMMEL项目模糊综合评价方法具有可行性和准确性,能够准确地得到 PMMEL 候选项目是否列入的评价结果,为传统的 PMMEL 项目评价方法提供分析结果验证,具有良好的工程应用价值。     

Ground-Based and Space-Based Radio Observations of Planetary Lightning

We review radio detection of planetary lightning performed by Voyager, Galileo (including in-situ probe measurements), Cassini, and other spacecraft, and compare the information on the underlying physics derived from these observations—especially the discharge duration, at Jupiter and Saturn—with our knowledge of terrestrial lightning. The controversial evidence at Venus is discussed, as well as the prospects for lightning-like discharges in Martian dust-storms (and studies on terrestrial analogues). In addition, lightning sources provide radio beacons that allow us to probe planetary ionospheres. Ground-based observations of Saturn’s lightning have been attempted several times in the past and have been recently successful. They will be the subject of observations by the new generation of giant radio arrays. We review past results and future studies, focussing on the detection challenges and on the interest of ground-based radio monitoring, in conjunction with spacecraft observations or in standalone mode.     

飞机复杂装配部件三维数字化综合测量与评估方法

 飞机复杂装配部件的全尺寸数字化综合测量与评估,能为飞机制造质量的持续提升提供重要的数据基础。测量工作要求在没有专用测量工装、不影响后续装配工序、受现场环境限制的情况下进行,具有被测对象外形复杂、存在自身遮挡、各部位测量数据要求不同、数据拼合及模型配准困难等难点。本文提出一种综合采用离散目标点摄影测量、结构光面扫描测量和手持式光笔接触测量的现场测量方案,以相互兼容的视觉目标靶点为不同测量方法之间数据定位融合的桥梁,实现了复杂装配部件的全尺寸现场测量。为使测量数据与CAD数模有高可靠性、高精度的配准,研究了配准点集的约束强度度量指标,以及配准误差的定量分析方法,在此基础上提出了配准约束强度优选参考值和临界阈值,可以有效指导飞机装配部件的现场数字化综合测量和质量评估。运用提出的综合测量方法和配准点选取准则,对某型飞机前机身进行了现场实际测量和数据分析,为复杂装配部件几何精度综合评估提供了有效方法和数据依据。     

Advances in critical technologies for hypersonic and high-enthalpy wind tunnel

Hypersonic and high-enthalpy wind tunnels and their measurement techniques are the cornerstone of the hypersonic flight era that is a dream for human beings to fly faster, higher and further. The great progress has been achieved during the recent years and their critical technologies are still in an urgent need for further development. There are at least four kinds of hypersonic and high-enthalpy wind tunnels that are widely applied over the world and can be classified according to their operation modes. These wind tunnels are named as air-directly-heated hypersonic wind tunnel, light-gas-heated shock tunnel, free-piston-driven shock tunnel and detonation-driven shock tunnel, respectively. The critical technologies for developing the wind tunnels are introduced in this paper, and their merits and weakness are discussed based on wind tunnel performance evaluation. Measurement techniques especially developed for high-enthalpy flows are a part of the hypersonic wind tunnel technology because the flow is a chemically reacting gas motion and its diagnosis needs specially designed instruments. Three kinds of the measurement techniques considered to be of primary importance are introduced here, including the heat flux sensor, the aerodynamic balance, and optical diagnosis techniques. The techniques are developed usually for conventional wind tunnels, but further improved for hypersonic and high-enthalpy tunnels. The hypersonic ground test facilities have provided us with most of valuable experimental data on high-enthalpy flows and will play a more important role in hypersonic research area in the future. Therefore, several prospects for developing hypersonic and high-enthalpy wind tunnels are presented from our point of view.     

多临近空间拦截器编队拦截自主协同制导控制技术研究

分析了目前高超声速飞行器的发展现状和发展趋势,指出高超武器已经给现有的防空反导武器系统带来极大威胁和挑战。针对高超声速飞行器的拦截问题,分析梳理了相关的技术难点。为保证拦截成功,采用多枚拦截器编队拦截高超声速目标是目前高效可行的技术途径,而多临近空间拦截器自主协同制导控制技术则是关键技术。针对多临近空间拦截器编队攻击自主协同制导控制技术,分别从建模、决策规划、感知、制导、控制以及评估6个方面提出需要解决的关键技术问题。最后对多临近空间拦截器编队拦截自主协同制导控制技术进行了总结与展望。     

CFD技术在航空工程领域的应用、挑战与发展

计算流体力学(CFD)技术在航空工程领域发挥着重要作用。总结了CFD技术在航空工程领域中的应用,系统阐述了气动设计、气动弹性、气动噪声、数字化飞行等多学科耦合计算领域对CFD技术的需求,结合实际工程应用分析了CFD技术面临的主要挑战。总结了近年来CFD技术在流动分离、边界层转捩、高精度方法和运动网格技术等领域取得的研究成果以及在气动特性评估、流动机理分析、气动设计、气动弹性、气动噪声等工程领域中的应用。进一步展望了CFD数值模拟未来的几个关键技术以及应用前景。     

数字图像质量评价技术综述

图像处理领域中对图像质量的正确评价是一项很有意义的难点工作和基础性课题.该文综合论述了图像质量的客观评价方法,并按照全参考方法、弱参考方法、无参考方法三类方法进行介绍;文章首先概述了图像质量评价技术的国内外现状,对现有的评价方法进行了分类介绍和模型描述,同时选择了相应的典型算法进行说明;最后,就图像质量评价算法的进一步...     

我国公务员绩效考核的AHP-Fuzzy综合评价法

提高政府绩效是公共管理追求的目标，但是我国的公务员绩效考核中存在着考核指标粗糙，考核等级少，难以量化等诸多问题。为了使公务员的考核工作更为客观、科学，对我国公务员绩效考核体系进行深入研究意义重大。文章运用模糊评价理论与AHP方法对绩效评估进行模糊化处理，可以对一些比较难定量化的指标进行定量化评价，以使评价结果更加客观、公正与有效。     

风洞投放试验技术的研究现状与应用综述

多体分离是航空、航天和武器系统总体部门一直极为关注的关键问题,多体间的流场干扰效应产生的气动力和力矩对悬挂物分离相容性有重要影响,基于运动动力学相似的风洞投放试验技术是预测和评估多体分离是否相容的一种非定常试验方法。根据飞行器多体分离相容性的研究需求,结合作者在风洞投放试验技术的研究成果和经验,对风洞投放试验技术的国内外研究现状进行综述。首先回顾了风洞投放试验技术的发展历史,然后对低速和高速风洞投放试验的相似准则及缩比关系进行详细地论述与分析,进而对风洞投放试验的几个关键技术进行综述,最后对风洞投放试验技术存在的问题提出思考与展望。     

机翼油箱口盖的抗冲击性能研究进展

机翼油箱口盖与其周围的机翼外板共同构成飞机气动外形的一部分，飞机在服役过程中，油箱口盖无法避免地会遭受外物的撞击，确保油箱口盖的抗冲击性能对保证飞机安全性具有重要的意义。本文从适航法规要求、常用材料和结构形式、考核方法与评价3 个方面系统地介绍了机翼油箱口盖抗冲击性能的研究进展，总结了目前的研究结论，并对未来机翼油箱口盖的发展进行了展望，可为后续新型口盖的设计和制造提供一定的理论和技术参考。     

整机结构设计的新评估方法—结构效率

开展整机动力学的研究工作,是保证在役发动机安全使用和在研发动机成功设计的迫切需要。本文从整机动力学的角度,提出一种量化各种结构设计对整机性能收益的评估方法—结构效率,进一步揭示其内涵,建立初步分析方法。通过某转子/支承系统的结构优化算例,指出了结构效率在整机结构设计中的优越性,并对结构概率的进一步研究前景和研究重点进行了论述。     

基于模糊综合评价的航路交通态势评估

针对中国航路交通态势评估问题,通过引入态势感知理论,构建航路交通态势评估的研究框架,建立起一个评估航路交通态势的指标体系,并给出了基于模糊综合评价的航路交通态势评估方法。通过对算例的计算和分析,验证了评估方法在空中交通态势评估中的有效性和可行性。     

整机结构设计的评估方法——结构效率

从整机动力学的角度,提出一种量化各种结构改进设计对整机性能收益的评估方法——结构效率,其内涵应当包括发动机质量有效承载项,模态参与项以及变形量协调项,并建立初步分析方法.通过某转子/支承系统的结构优化算例,指出了结构效率在整机结构设计中的优越性,并对结构概率的进一步研究前景和研究重点进行了论述.      

Ergodic sum rate for uplink NOMA transmission in satellite-aerial-ground integrated networks

The application of Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) technology into satellite-aerial-ground integrated networks can meet the requirements of ultra-high rate and massive connectivity for the Sixth-Generation (6G) communication systems. We consider an uplink NOMA scenario for such a satellite-aerial-ground integrated network where multiple users communicate with satellite under the help of an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) as an aerial relay equipped with a phased array. Supposing that buffer-aided decode-and-forward protocol is adopted at the UAV relay, we first formulate an optimization problem to maximize Ergodic Sum Rate (ESR) of the considered system subject to individual power constraint and quality-of-service constraint of each user. Then, with known imperfect channel state information of each user, we propose a joint power allocation and robust Beam Forming (BF) iterative algorithm to maximize ESR for the user-to-UAV link. Besides, to take the advantages of Free-Space Optical (FSO) and millimeter Wave (mmWave) communications, we present a switch-based hybrid FSO/mmWave scheme and a robust BF algorithm for the UAV-to-satellite link to achieve higher rate. Moreover, a closed-form ESR expression is derived. Finally, the effectiveness and correctness of the proposed solutions are verified by numerical simulations, and the performance evaluation results show that the proposed solutions not only achieve performance enhancement and robustness, but also outperform the orthogonal multiple access significantly.     

Exploiting global information in complex network repair processes

Robustness of complex networks has been studied for decades,with a particular focus on network attack.Research on network repair,on the other hand,has been conducted only very lately,given the even higher complexity and absence of an effective evaluation metric.A recently proposed network repair strategy is self-healing,which aims to repair networks for larger compo nents at a low cost only with local information.In this paper,we discuss the effectiveness and effi ciency of self-healing,which limits network repair to be a multi-objective optimization problem and makes it difficult to measure its optimality.This leads us to a new network repair evaluation metric.Since the time complexity of the computation is very high,we devise a greedy ranking strategy.Evaluations on both real-world and random networks show the effectiveness of our new metric and repair strategy.Our study contributes to optimal network repair algorithms and provides a gold standard for future studies on network repair.     

飞机环控系统可靠性设计与评价

利用可靠性预计与分配、FMECA分析、FTA分析方法阐述了某型飞机环控系统可靠性设计的过程,重点介绍了环控系统中满足非指数分布的产品进行综合应力下的可靠性鉴定试验,对环控系统进行可靠性设计与评价。并以环控系统为例,提出非指数分布下产品可靠性指标的评价方法。