飞机座舱温度数学模型

目前在国内外资料上看到的座舱温度数学模型都是在一定的条件下推导出来的,它们只适合于特定的条件。本文介绍的座舱温度数学模型分别考虑了座舱壁、舱内设备和座舱空气热容量对座舱温度的影响,是通用的座舱温度数学模型,现有的几种数学模型都是它在相应条件下的特殊情况。 本文介绍的数学模型经过适当的变换,可以导出热容量折算系数和当量时间常数的概念,为用实验方法确定座舱温度数学模型指明了方向和方法。本文将介绍通用数学模型的理论推导和三种形式,提出热容量折算系数、当量时间常数和当量热容量的概念,指出用实验方法确定座舱温度数学模型的方法。最后,提出并简单论述从温度控制角度研究和确定座舱热载荷及舱内空气分配的一种新想法。     

基于卫星在轨温度预示热控涂层性能退化的方法

介绍了一种利用卫星在轨温度数据预示热控涂层在轨性能退化情况的方法,建立并推导了适用于研究热控涂层随整数年变化规律的数学模型,该模型利用卫星设备的温度曲线通过反演计算得到设备表面热控涂层的退化数据。为检验本文数学模型的计算效果,构造了一组数值试验,结果表明本文数学模型的计算数据与真实值非常接近,说明本文建立的数学模型能够很好地根据卫星在轨温度计算出热控涂层在轨退化数据。     

径向全跳动误差的理论研究

叙述了直角坐标采样时 ,径向全跳动误差的最小二乘评定法数学模型 ,并用计算机进行仿真研究。结果表明 ,所建立的数学模型具有编程简单 ,计算准确度较高等特点。     

面对面对称度误差的解析评定

建立了面对面对称度误差的正交最小二乘评定数学模型和最小条件评定数学模型。简要地叙述了获得采样数据的方法。     

Ku波段卫星通信雨衰预测

介绍３种计算Ｋｕ波段雨衰的数学模型,并且讨论其雨衰特性。根据３种数学模型预测各种情况下的雨衰值,并同实测数据进行比较。最后讨论我国雨区分布情况及Ｋｕ波段雨衰裕度。     

直角坐标采样时同轴度误差的最小二乘及最小区域评定法与仿真分析

简述了直角坐标采样时,同轴度误差的最小二乘及最小区域评定法数学模型,并用计算机进行仿真分析.结果表明,所建立的数学模型具有编程简单,计算误差较小等特点.所建立的数学模型为研制形位误差虚拟测最系统提供了理论基础.     

端面对轴线垂直度误差的解析评定法

建立了端面对轴线垂直度误差最小二乘和定向最小区域两种评定方法的数学模型，介绍了求解数学模型的数据处理方法，并给出了测量和数据处理实例。     

直角坐标采样时端面圆跳动误差的新测量法

用传统的测量方法不能得到端面圆跳动误差的准确值.根据端面圆跳动误差定义,建立了在直角坐标采样时该项误差的最小二乘评定法数学模型,并用计算机进行仿真研究.结果表明,所建立的数学模型具有编程简单,计算误差较小等特点.文中所建立的数学模型为研制形位误差虚拟测量系统提供了理论基础.     

微波正切关系网络精密测量的计算机辅助数据分析

提出了处理无耗正切关系网络测量数据的统计回归数学模型。在计算机辅助分析下,用此模型处理大、中、小反射情况下的测量数据。结果表明,此数学模型是正确的。这个模型为测量线法正切关系网络的测量技术提供了精密快速的处理方法,还对已有的小反射情况下的正切关系网络近似式的适用范围进行了分析,并与本文提出的方法进行比较。结果表明,本文的数学模型包含了近似法的适用范围,可以适用于任意反射情况下无耗正切关系网络参数的计算。     

基于MAX452的压力传感器温度补偿研究

设计了一套基于MAX1452的压力变送和温度补偿系统。通过建立数学模型,分析了温度漂移的原因和补偿机理。设计硬件电路,并编制软件系统。通过试验验证了数学模型和补偿机理的正确性。试验结果显示,传感器补偿后全温度范围内误差相较于补偿前提高了一个数量级。     

Growth of hydrodynamic perturbations in accretion disks: Possible route to non-magnetic turbulence

We study the possible origin of hydrodynamic turbulence in cold accretion disks such as those in star-forming systems and quiescent cataclysmic variables. As these systems are expected to have neutral gas, the turbulent viscosity is likely to be hydrodynamic in origin, not magnetohydrodynamic. Therefore, MRI will be sluggish or even absent in such disks. Although there are no exponentially growing eigenmodes in a hydrodynamic disk because of the non-normal nature of the eigenmodes, a large transient growth in the energy is still possible, which may enable the system to switch to a turbulent state. For a Keplerian disk, we estimate that the energy will grow by a factor of 1000 for a Reynolds number close to a million.     

基于Tersoff-Brenner势的航天器群图形编队研究

从分子动力学模拟角度提出了一种分布式航天器群导航控制方法,可使行星中心开普勒轨道上的航天器群在有限的感知信息条件下自发实现图形编队.该法基于人工势场技术,主要分为两个部分：改造自C-W方程的外围全局汇聚势场和基于Tersoff-Brenner势的局部塑形势场.前者将各航天器导引至预设汇聚点附近,后者进一步使各航天器自我调整彼此相对位置,最终编成期望构型.此外,引入一速度依赖型耗散项以确保任意初始分布条件下图形编队均收敛.通过地球同步轨道上航天器群正四面体构型（含中心,即金刚石结构单元）编队仿真,验证了所提方法的有效性和优越性.将编队脚本简单修改,该法还可方便用于其它类碳元素同素异形体构型的塑造,如石墨晶体结构单元正六边形等.     

Downsizing an orbital space robot: A dynamic system based evaluation

Small space robots have the potential to revolutionise space exploration by facilitating the on-orbit assembly of infrastructure, in shorter time scales, at reduced costs. Their commercial appeal will be further improved if such a system is also capable of performing on-orbit servicing missions, in line with the current drive to limit space debris and prolong the lifetime of satellites already in orbit. Whilst there have been a limited number of successful demonstrations of technologies capable of these on-orbit operations, the systems remain large and bespoke. The recent surge in small satellite technologies is changing the economics of space and in the near future, downsizing a space robot might become be a viable option with a host of benefits. This industry wide shift means some of the technologies for use with a downsized space robot, such as power and communication subsystems, now exist. However, there are still dynamic and control issues that need to be overcome before a downsized space robot can be capable of undertaking useful missions. This paper first outlines these issues, before analyzing the effect of downsizing a system on its operational capability. Therefore presenting the smallest controllable system such that the benefits of a small space robot can be achieved with current technologies. The sizing of the base spacecraft and manipulator are addressed here. The design presented consists of a 3 link, 6 degrees of freedom robotic manipulator mounted on a 12U form factor satellite. The feasibility of this 12U space robot was evaluated in simulation and the in-depth results presented here support the hypothesis that a small space robot is a viable solution for in-orbit operations.     

Broad-band spectral properties of accreting X-ray binary pulsars

Broad-band spectra of accreting X-ray binary pulsars can be fitted by a phenomenological model composed of a power law with a high energy rollover above 10 keV, plus a blackbody component with a temperature of few hundred eV. While, at least qualitatively, the hard tail can be explained in terms of (inverse) Compton scattering, the origin of the soft component cannot find a unique explanation. Recently, a qualitative picture able to explain the overall broad-band spectrum of luminous X-ray pulsars was carried out by taking into account the effect of bulk Comptonization in the accretion column. After a review of these recent theoretical developments, I will present a case study of how different modeling of the continuum affect broad features, in particular the cyclotron resonance features in Vela X-1.     

Viscoelastic behaviour of pumpkin balloons

The lobes of the NASA ULDB pumpkin-shaped super-pressure balloons are made of a thin polymeric film that shows considerable time-dependent behaviour. A nonlinear viscoelastic model based on experimental measurements has been recently established for this film. This paper presents a simulation of the viscoelastic behaviour of ULDB balloons with the finite element software ABAQUS. First, the standard viscoelastic modelling capabilities available in ABAQUS are examined, but are found of limited accuracy even for the case of simple uniaxial creep tests on ULDB films. Then, a nonlinear viscoelastic constitutive model is implemented by means of a user-defined subroutine. This approach is verified by means of biaxial creep experiments on pressurized cylinders and is found to be accurate provided that the film anisotropy is also included in the model. A preliminary set of predictions for a single lobe of a ULDB is presented at the end of the paper. It indicates that time-dependent effects in a balloon structure can lead to significant stress redistribution and large increases in the transverse strains in the lobes.     

A priori zenith wet delays in the analysis of VLBI CONT sessions

Tropospheric delay is one of the major sources of error in VLBI (Very Long Baseline Interferometry) analysis. The principal component of this error can be accurately computed through reliable surface pressure data —hydrostatic delay— yet there is also a small but volatile component —wet delay— which is difficult to be modelled a priori. In VLBI analysis, troposphere delay is typically modelled in the theoretical delays using Zenith Hydrostatic Delays (ZHD) and a dry mapping function. Zenith Wet Delay (ZWD) is not modelled but estimated in the analysis process. This work studies inter alia the impact of including external GNSS estimates to model a priori ZWD in VLBI analysis, as well as other models of a priori ZWD.In a first stage, two different sources of GNSS troposphere products are compared to VLBI troposphere estimates in a period of 5 years. The solution with the best agreement to VLBI results is injected in the VLBI analysis as a priori ZWD value and is compared to other options to model a priori ZWD. The dataset used for this empirical analysis consists of the six CONT campaigns.It has been found that modelling a priori ZWD has no significant impact either on baseline length and coordinates repeatabilities. Nevertheless, modelling a priori ZWD can change the magnitude of the estimated coordinates a few millimeters in the up component with respect to the non-modelling approach. In addition, the influence of a priori ZWD on Earth Orientation Parameters (EOP) and troposphere estimates —Zenith Total Delays (ZTD) and gradients—has also been analysed, resulting in a small but significant impact on both geodetic products.     

部分开放多极磁场中的日冕磁绳灾变

采用球坐标下二维三分量理想MHD模型，研究部分开放多极背景磁场中日冕磁绳的灾变现象．背景磁场由含3个闭合双极场的冕流和带赤道中性电流片的开放场构成，磁绳位于中心双极场的下方，其特性由环向磁通和轴向磁通表征．对给定的环向磁通，存在轴向磁通的一个临界值；对给定的轴向磁通，也存在环向磁通的一个临界值．在该临界值以下，磁绳附着于太阳表面，系统处于平衡状态；该临界值一旦被超越，磁绳将脱离太阳表面向上喷发，说明部分开放多极背景磁场中的日冕磁绳系统存在灾变现象．本文算例表明，灾变点对应的磁能阈值超过对应部分开放场(中心双极场开放，两侧的双极场仍维持闭合)能量约15％，其超过部分可为日冕物质抛射一类太阳爆发提供能源．     

V型轮控系统卫星东西位置保持策略优化方法研究

以某在轨GEO卫星为研究对象,探讨了适用于V型轮控系统特点的东西位置保持策略．首先分析了V型轮控系统的工作原理,提出了轮控过程中推力器效率的标定方法和喷气卸载对轨道影响的数学模型;然后深入分析了轮控过程中姿态控制对卫星东西位置保持环及偏心率的影响,提出了延长位保周期的控制策略,并在实际任务中获得了较好的效果．     

飞机过度/不足转向地面转弯操纵特性分析

为分析飞机着陆滑跑过程中的过度/不足转向特性,提高前轮转弯系统的操纵性能,提出了一种具有时变参数的飞机转弯系统的低阶等价模型,并结合系统稳定性的分析与飞行数据,可知在飞机着陆滑跑过程中的某个速度范围内,由于系统偏航角速度命令带宽衰减至零值附近,飞机的过度/不足转向特性曲线十分接近临界稳定速度边界,引起操纵特性严重恶化,由此提出了一种采用偏航角速度的局部负反馈来调节系统带宽的自校正增稳设计.分析与仿真结果说明:该模型能够解决使用高阶模型对飞机该项性能分析复杂的问题,可以作为高阶复杂模型分析的一种补充,且提出的增稳方法能使系统偏航角速度命令带宽保持在期望范围内,改善脚蹬操纵的敏感性,提高系统的操纵性能.