Iris-based biometric recognition using dyadic wavelet transform

A biometric identification system, based on the processing of the human iris by the dyadic wavelet transform, has been introduced. The procedure to obtain an iris signature of 256 bits has been described, as well as the feature extraction block and the verification system. The results have shown that the system can achieve high rates of security.     

Access control system with hand geometry verification and smartcards

An access control system that joins the uniqueness of biometric verification, as well as the storage security and processing capabilities of smart cards, is defined here. The biometric technique chosen has been hand geometry, which is considered to provide low/medium security (there are other much more secure, as fingerprint, iris or retina), to be easy to use, to achieve high acceptance by users, and which performance is given throughout fast processing and medium cost. Also, the small template size needed for each user is positive for storage and processing capabilities required in the system. But the innovation in the system proposed is that the smart card not only stores the user's template, but also performs the verification process with the features set by the terminal to the card. With this improvement, the security of the system has risen because the template is never extracted from the card, avoiding duplication of such sensible data. The specifications for the enrolment process will be presented as well as the applications where this new system is recommended     

步进式序列虹膜图像质量评价

在虹膜识别系统中,质量较差的虹膜图像可能被系统拒识,导致身份识别或身份认证的失败.因此有必要在虹膜图像的采集端引入质量评价环节,从虹膜图像采集仪输出的视频序列中挑选出符合识别系统要求的虹膜图像.为了减少序列图像质量评价的时间,根据图像的性质,对输入的序列图像进行步进式质量评价,不同的阶段设置不同的门限,只有满足要求的图像才能进入下一阶段的评价,这样将大大减少进行全部步骤评价的图像数量,能有效缩短序列图像评价的时间,保证了选取图像的质量和速度.试验结果表明,该算法能够有效地选择符合质量要求的虹膜图像.     

Backup radio site identification in air traffic control systems

The identification of backup radio sites, to increase the availability of the future air/ground (A/G) air traffic control (ATC) systems, is investigated, When there is an A/G communications failure, due to a radio site or an ATC controller access failure, another site (or sites) provides the service. The backup site should be capable of providing full coverage of the desired airspace known as the service volume. Meeting the full coverage conditions by one site or a group of sites is analyzed. It is concluded that identification of one site providing full coverage can be determined easily. The identification of a group of sites, each with partial coverage and providing full coverage is analyzed in detail. An algorithm involving both analytical and numerical approaches is described. It determines if two radio sites with given geographical coordinates, and each with partial coverage of a given cylindrical service volume, can provide full coverage. This algorithm can be implemented as a computer program to process a database of radio sites     

The Freja Hot Plasma Experiment—Instrument and first results

The Hot Plasma Experiment, F3H, on boardFreja is designed to measure auroral particle distribution functions with very high temporal and spatial resolution. The experiment consists of three different units; an electron spectrometer that measures angular and energy distributions simultaneously, a positive ion spectrometer that is using the spacecraft spin for three-dimensional measurements, and a data processing unit. The main scientific objective is to study positive ion heating perpendicular to the magnetic field lines in the auroral region. The high resolution measurements of different positive ion species and electrons have already provided important information on this process as well as on other processes at high latitudes. This includes for example high resolution observations of auroral particle precipitation features and source regions of positive ions during magnetic disturbances. TheFreja orbit with an inclination of 63° allows us to make detailed measurements in the nightside auroral oval during all disturbance levels. In the dayside, the cusp region is covered during magnetic disturbances. We will here present the instrument in some detail and some outstanding features in the particle data obtained during the first months of operation at altitudes around 1700 km in the northern hemisphere auroral region.     

Adaptive image segmentation using genetic and hybrid search methods

This paper describes an adaptive approach for the important image processing problem of image segmentation that relies on learning from experience to adapt and improve the segmentation performance. The adaptive image segmentation system incorporates a feedback loop consisting of a machine learning subsystem, an image segmentation algorithm, and an evaluation component which determines segmentation quality. The machine learning component is based on genetic adaptation and uses (separately) a pure genetic algorithm (GA) and a hybrid of GA and hill climbing (HC). When the learning subsystem is based on pure genetics, the corresponding evaluation component is based on a vector of evaluation criteria. For the hybrid case, the system employs a scalar evaluation measure which is a weighted combination of the different criteria. Experimental results for pure genetic and hybrid search methods are presented using a representative database of outdoor TV imagery. The multiobjective optimization demonstrates the ability of the adaptive image segmentation system to provide high quality segmentation results in a minimal number of generations     

Bayesian and Dempster-Shafer target identification for radarsurveillance

This paper considers the problem of target track identification in a radar surveillance system. To build a target identifier alongside a tracker, four features which are available for real-time processing in an air surveillance system are used here: target identity (TID) from a friend-and-foe identification (IFF) system, elevation measurement from the radar, target speed, and acceleration estimated by a tracker. These four features are combined to classify air targets into five different air target categories: friendly commercial, friendly military, hostile commercial (or unknown airline), hostile military, and false targets (clutter). Two popular statistic-based techniques, namely, the Bayesian and Dempster-Shafer methods, are applied to develop radar target identification algorithms for our application. Real-life as well as simulated air surveillance radar data are used to evaluate the practicality and effectiveness of this track identification approach in a radar surveillance system     

Changes to vascular biometric system security & performance

When considering biometrics for a Personal Identification System, different modalities can be considered. The final selection will depend on specific application requirements. From the several modalities existing nowadays, vascular systems have appeared on the scene lately. Vein-based identification is claimed to be as reliable as fingerprint or iris identification, but with the usability of hand geometry or even the face. As with any other biometric modalities, vascular solutions have to be deeply analyzed for all relevant factors that could affect their performance or the security level achieved. This will show the analysis of the performance and security achieved by a commercial vascular biometric system, when being applied in several real-world scenarios. These scenarios will cover typical office environments to the more extreme environments, such as extreme light and temperatures, as those suffered in a banking ATM, or with high humidity such as in a gym. The results will show the strengths of this modality, as well as those points where further improvements are needed.     

SPRI: simulator of polarimetric radar images

Simulator of polarimetric radar images (SPRI) consists of a suite of image processing programs for producing realistic millimeter-wave (MMW) radar images artificially on a workstation. The heart of the simulation approach is a polarimetric Rayleigh clutter simulator coupled to a clutter database. The simulator produces high resolution single-look polarimetric images. Hard targets can then be embedded into this clutter map, and the resultant image can be degraded in resolution, number of looks, polarization, etc. to match that which would be observed by a real sensor. Examples of simulated images, and comparisons of these simulations to actual images, are presented. The MMW Clutter Database is the most comprehensive to-date database of over 3500 Mueller matrices for many kinds of terrestrial clutter measured at 35 and 95 GHz, many of which are at incidence angles close to grazing. The database can be accessed via a World Wide Web flexible interface that enables data to be combined in new and unique ways specified by the user, and displayed in either tabular or graphical format. The structure and access procedure to the database are described     

基于小波变换与粗糙集的雷达目标识别方法

雷达目标识别是防空武器系统雷达信息处理的一个关键环节.在小波变换与粗糙集基础上提出一种雷达目标识别方法.小波变换能够提高了时--频分频率;粗糙集理论是一种新型的处理不确定性知识的数学工具.利用小波变换对目标原始信息进行分解,得到目标的能量特征向量;通过粗糙集简化关系表,删去冗余信息,用逻辑推理算法表示判别规则.应用小波变换与粗糙集能够满足利用不精确信息进行目标识别的需要.     

表面温度传感器自动检定系统

介绍了一种用于表面温度传感器检定的数据采集、处理系统,此系统具有操作简单,使用方便,运行可靠等特点。     

事故车辆油漆物证分析-比对系统的建立

在已建立的事故车辆物理信息和光谱信息的油漆样本数据库的基础上,建立油漆物证比对系统。根据相关系数所表现的特征,实现对未知样本属性范围的确定,找出数据库中与其相关度较高的部分油漆样本,再根据数据库中同一车辆信息具有同一序号的特点,找出与油漆对应的车辆,即与案件现场最接近的嫌疑车辆,为肇事逃逸案件的破获提供数据依据。     

一种提高表面完整性的气膜孔成形方法

为了解决目前航空发动机涡轮叶片气膜孔成形工艺存在热影响严重等问题,提出了采用超快激光环切与螺旋扫描的加工方法,设计了一种可实现高效、无热效应气膜孔加工的双激光光源微加工系统,并从作用机理和实际加工过程两方面分析了热效应的产生原因,指出了其中的主要影响因素,然后针对这些因素选用DD6材料进行了工艺参数优化和实验验证.实验结果表明:采用500fs激光与微秒长脉冲激光复合加工的方式可以使精细钻孔的效率提升约10倍,并得到基本无重铸层和微裂纹的涡轮叶片气膜孔;其工艺参数包括扫描速度为2400r/min,重叠率为12%,进给量为5μm,重复频率为20kHz以及0.6Pa同轴吹气.表明超快激光配合合理的工艺参数和加工方式可以实现无热效应气膜孔加工,是一种有效提高气膜孔成形表面完整性的工艺方法.      

示温漆温度自动判读与数字图像处理系统

分析了示温漆的颜色温度特性,提出了温度识别方法。依据色度学理论,综合运用图像处理与数据库技术,开发了示温漆温度自动判读与数字图像处理系统;介绍了系统的软、硬件,在LAB色彩空间,采用3次样条插值算法进行了颜色数据拟合,实测数据表明,该系统提高了温度判读的准确性。     

基于试验和薄层单元仿真的接触阻尼识别方法

接触刚度和阻尼是影响螺栓连接的装配结构动力学特性的关键参数,为了实现接触刚度和阻尼的同时识别,在前期开展的螺栓连接结构接触刚度识别的基础上,提出一种基于试验和薄层单元仿真的接触阻尼识别方法。通过在单螺栓连接结构中巧妙引入试验垫片,通过试验获得有界、对称且均匀接触状态下结构的固有特性与动态响应;进而建立模拟接触面刚度与阻尼的薄层单元,并仿真获得结构的动态响应特性;通过结构固有频率测试与仿真结果构建误差函数实现接触刚度识别,通过动态响应测试与仿真结果构建误差函数实现接触阻尼的识别,进而获得接触刚度与阻尼随接触法向力变化的模型。结果表明,接触刚度随法向力非线性增大而接触阻尼则非线性减小,当法向力较大时,接触刚度和阻尼趋于稳定。研究结果为接触刚度和阻尼的同时识别提供了一种行之有效的方法,识别平均误差分别为4.5%、14.8%,所识别的刚度和阻尼以合适的薄层单元形式,可直接应用到包含多接触面的装配系统动力学分析中。     

CFD验证、确认和共享基准数据库

CFD验证和确认是气动计算可信度分析的基本活动。通过这类活动将产生大量数据资源。如何有效管理和利用这些数据资源是基准数据库要解决的主要问题。研究并提出了一种可行的共享基准数据库设计方案,重点强调数据库的管理、数据库的可用性、数据的可靠性评估、数据标准和开放的系统架构,目的是提供建立用于CFD验证和确认的气动共享基准数据库的一种示范,解决现有气动数据库普遍存在的缺乏协调性、连贯性和必要的交流等诸多问题。此外,简要介绍了近年来中国在气动计算可信度分析方面所做的努力。     

小球型五孔探针在压气机试验中的应用

气流在叶片机中的实际流动过程极其复杂,必须利用各种测试手段来了解叶片机级间三元流场。本文介绍一种小球型五孔探针测量系统用于压气机级间参数测量的结果。该系统具有一些突出的特点。其一是探针头部尺寸小,对气流的干扰小;其二是数据处理手段先进,探针校准程序及测量结果的处理程序比较成熟。实践证明,其测试结果与常规探针所测得的结果非常接近,重复性较好。由测量结果整理出的压气机性能参数与设计值也比较接近。      

Smart card information and operations using biometrics

Nowadays many systems need a portable media to store some sensible data, such as smart cards. The information can be protected by the user with his Personal Identification Number (PIN), or through biometrics. Unfortunately, there is not a smart card today that can verify the biometric template inside it, performing this task in the terminal. The author has developed the algorithms and data structures needed to solve this problem. Therefore, he has created a smart card with user biometric authentication, based on an Open Platform smart card (in this case, a JavaCard). To achieve these results, different biometric techniques have been studied: speaker verification, hand geometry and iris recognition. Experimental results are given to show the viability of the prototype developed     

参考标准的期间核查

期间核查是对校准实验室和检测实验室的通用要求之一。参考标准的核查关系到该地区或该单位计量活动和检测结果的有效性。本文论述了最高测量（计量）标准的核查标准、核查方法、核查结果处理、核查间隔及记录等问题。     

所需性能导航的飞行模拟机视景仿真实现

为实现适合所需性能导航(RNP)程序训练的飞行模拟机机场视景仿真数据库,从拉萨机场对RNP飞行程序训练的实际需求出发,研究RNP程序,对地形网格算法进行人为干预,引导地形生成需要的效果和精度,满足飞行验证和训练的要求,实现机场三维全态仿真与RNP程序的结合,研究结果可推广到其他类似机场的视景仿真开发。