ICP-AES法测定钛基复合材料中的Sn, Zr, Nb, Ta, Nd和Fe的研究

采用ICP-AES法对钛基复合材料中的合金元素Sn,Zr,Nb,Ta,Nd,Fe的测定进行了研究,着重进行了基体元素及待测元素Sn,Zr,Nb,Ta,Nd,Fe之间干扰试验及各元素在测定浓度范围内的线性相关性试验,进行了酸度试验及Ta,Nb,Zr的酸不溶试验,测定了钛基复合材料中上述六元素的含量,得到了较好的精密度和准确度.方法简便可靠,可获得满意的分析结果.     

固溶温度对含铪高钨K416B镍基高温合金组织的影响

通过对含铪高钨K416B镍基高温合金进行不同温度固溶处理后的组织形貌观察,研究固溶温度对K416B合金组织的影响。结果表明:随着固溶温度的升高,在合金元素的扩散作用下,合金中的二次枝晶尺寸略有增大,使枝晶间的共晶含量逐渐减少,促使合金组织致密化;同时合金中的γ′相发生溶解,使其尺寸减小;在高温固溶处理期间,枝晶间区域的初生条状MC相发生分解形成粒状M_6C碳化物;而共晶处的大尺寸块状M_6C相形态与数量无明显变化;固溶处理使偏聚于枝晶干的元素W向枝晶间扩散,而Hf、Nb、Ti和Cr元素向枝晶干扩散,大幅降低合金各元素的偏析程度。组织研究结果表明,1220℃保温4 h为合金组织状态最佳的固溶热处理工艺。     

Cf／SiC复合材料与Nb合金的连接

利用熔盐反应法在Cf/SiC复合材料表面锆金属化的基础上,用TiCuZrNi非晶钎焊箔实现Cf/SiC复合材料与Nb合金钎焊连接.研究发现Cf/SiC复合材料表面Zr金属化层主要的物相为Zr、Zr3O、ZrC和Zr2Si;钎料对Zr金属化层的润湿性良好,钎料中活性元素Ti向Cf/SiC复合材料一侧明显扩散并发生化学反应,实现了钎料与Cf/SiC复合材料的良好键合,并且可以深入Cf/SiC复合材料孔隙形成"钉扎"效应;接头剪切强度达124 MPa,750℃热冲击5次后剪切强度达70 MPa;断裂部分发生在Cf/SiC复合材料与钎料界面处,部分位于Cf/SiC复合材料近缝区.     

TiNbTaZr钛合金冷加工塑性行为研究

通过力学性能测试,结合光学显微镜、X射线衍射、扫描电镜和透射电子显微镜等表征技术,研究了Ti35Nb2Ta3Zr0.3O合金的冷加工塑性行为及其机理。结果表明:Ti35Nb2Ta3Zr0.3O合金在冷变形过程的不同阶段呈现出低加工硬化或无加工硬化的特点,变形量大于50%之后,晶粒碎化明显、塑性增强。分析表明:约35%Nb的加入降低了合金的层错能,使位错攀移及交滑移受到抑制,孪生机制增强,随冷变形量增大,形成多阶孪生,使晶粒明显碎化;合金的塑性变形是以孪生与位错滑移联合起作用,其独特的塑性行为来自于层错能效应及形变过程中的孪生诱发塑性效应。     

Zr对Ti3Al基金属间化合物TLP扩散焊接头组织性能的影响

采用TiZrNiCu非晶态箔状钎料过渡液相(TLP)扩散连接Ti3Al基金属问化合物,通过对接头的力学性能及微观结构的分析,研究了中间层合金TiZrNiCu中Zr元素对Ti3Al基金属间化合物,TLP扩散连接接头组织和性能的影响规律和机理.结果表明,在连接工艺相同条件下,随着中间层合金中添加元素Zr含量减小,Ti3Al基TLP扩散焊接头强度增大;通过延长后续扩散处理时间,可以减小Zr元素对接头组织性能的不利影响.     

Ti-Al-V-Zr合金的团簇式设计及铸态组织和力学性能

Ti-6Al-4V是目前应用最广泛的钛合金，但其铸态强塑性不足。本研究设计思想基于Ti-6Al-4V合金双团簇成分式α-{[Al-Ti₁₂](AlTi₂)}₁₂+β-{[Al-Ti₁₄](V₂Ti)}₅：首先通过改变β相团簇式个数为2，使合金成分偏向α-Ti，其次增加β相团簇式中V原子个数至3，提高了β-Ti结构单元稳定性，然后用不同个数Zr(x=1、2、3、5)替代β相团簇式中Ti，最后得到了团簇式α-{[Al-Ti₁₂](AlTi2)}₁₅-β-{[AlTi_14-x Zr_x]V₃)}₂，设计了Ti-(6.64～6.82)Al-(2.42～2.35)V-(1.44～7.02)Zr (质量分数/%)合金，采用非自耗真空电弧炉熔炼制备合金铸锭，并用真空铜模吸铸成合金棒材，进而对不同合金样品进行显微组织表征和拉伸测试。结果表明：合...     

InC_n~-(n=1～10)团簇碎片能和极化率的密度泛函理论研究

对铟掺杂碳团簇的物理化学性质的研究,将有助于我们理解它的稳定性,揭示它的形成机理,进而引导人们去发现和使用新型材料。故应用密度泛函理论(DFT)中的B3LYP方法,在LANL2DZ基组上详细研究了InC_n~-(n=1~10)团簇的碎片能和极化率。计算结果表明,InC_n~-团簇的基态结构是In原子位于碳链一端的直线型或准直线型;对于基态结构而言,n为偶数的团簇是单态,n为奇数的团簇为三重态。通过对碎片能的计算发现,失去In原子的通道是InC_n~-团簇的主要形成通道。对InC_n~-团簇的极化率研究表明,极化率张量主要分布在XX,YY,ZZ方向,极化率张量的各向异性不变量和极化率张量的平均值均是随团簇尺寸的增大而增大。这一结论为研究碳基团簇的结构和生成规律以及所具有的物理化学性质提供理论依据。     

新型多元铌合金的高温氧化行为

文摘研究了Nb-15Ti-11Al和Nb-15Ti-11Al-10Si两种多元铌合金在1 100和1 300℃高温下的氧化行为,建立了合金高温氧化动力学模型。结果表明:粉末冶金方法制备的铌合金微观组织细小,大大降低了氧的短路扩散;合金中的钛降低了氧在基体中的固溶度并降低了氧的扩散速率;合金中的硅在高温时形成熔融态的SiO2可有效地抑制Nb2O5的生长,从而保证了氧化膜表面均匀平整。     

Cr-Nb系机械合金化及其热压过程中的X射线衍射分析

讨论了X射线衍射测试技术在Cr-Nb系元素机械合金化及随后的热压工艺的物相衍变过程中的应用,包括晶粒细化引起的峰形宽化、不同热压温度对Cr2Nb相形成量的对比.通过X射线衍射测试技术及应用EVA、TOPAS P软件包可以直观地进行分析,在合金相中发现了一种新的Cr2Nb相态.     

热暴露对带热障涂层DD6单晶高温合金组织的影响

采用0.3 MPa压力对DD6单晶高温合金进行水吹砂,然后用电子束物理气相沉积的方法在DD6合金基体上制备了热障涂层,将带热障涂层试样置于1100℃空气气氛中分别进行50 h和100 h热暴露,在1100℃/130 MPa条件下测试持久性能。研究了水吹砂及高温热暴露对带热障涂层DD6合金组织的影响。结果表明：0.3 MPa压力水吹砂制备热障涂层并高温热暴露后没有发现再结晶组织;热暴露过程中,基体和涂层之间的元素会发生不同程度的互扩散;表面残余应力和元素互扩散导致了γ′相粗化方向的变化;性能测试后试样断口附近的涂层与基体界面下方局部区域形成了二次反应区。     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.     

Preparation of Highly Dispersed Antimony-doped Tin Oxide Nano-powder via Ion-exchange Hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 and Azeotropic Drying

Antimony-doped tin hydroxide colloid precipitates have been synthesized by hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 using: (1) an ion-exchange hydrolysis to remove chlorine ions, and (2) isoamyl acetate as an azeotropic solvent to obviate water. The obtained dried powder is of high dispersivity without any need for further grinding. The size and dispersivity of the final particles are investigated with the aid of TG-DTA, BET, XRD and TEM. After having calcined, the antimony-doped tin oxide nanopowder possesses a tetragonal rutile structure with high dispersivity, uniform particles and low hard agglomeration.     

Effects of Mo on the Microstructure and Hydrogen Sorption Properties of Ti-Mo Getters

The effects of Mo on the microstructure evolution, porosity and hydrogen sorption properties of Ti-Mo getters are investigated in this work. The results show that the addition of Mo prolongs the densification process of Ti-Mo getters and results in a significant amount of sintered pores. With the Mo content increasing, the porosity of getters firstly increases reaching the maximum value as it at- tains about 7.5wt.%, and then drops. At the room temperature, the hydrogen sorption property of getters increases progressively with the Mo content increasing, but the tendency is not very clear before its content lies below 2.5wt.%. When the Mo content achieves about 7.5wt.%, the hydrogen sorption property proves to be the best. The discussion is made about the above mentioned phenomena inclusive of hydrogen sorption properties of getters under different activation conditions (from 500-750 ℃).     

超声速燃烧数值模拟中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型

高精度数值模拟有助于理解超声速湍流燃烧中湍流与化学反应的相互作用,可为发动机燃烧室等工程应用设计提供可靠的预测模型。除直接数值模拟外,目前在湍流燃烧应用中使用的大涡模拟和雷诺平均Navier-Stokes模拟均需要借助模型模化发生在湍流小尺度上的流动与化学反应过程对湍流大尺度运动的影响。现有的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型大致可分为:火焰面类模型和概率密度函数类模型,2类模型在不同的应用中各自具有优势和局限性。此外,现有模型大都基于低马赫数燃烧,而超声速燃烧中通常会伴随快速混合、局部熄火和再着火以及激波等复杂过程,这为发展其中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型提出了更多的挑战。     

适于低轨卫星IP网络的单核共享树组播算法(英文)

为了解决低轨卫星IP网络中现有典型源组播算法的信道资源浪费问题,本文提出了一套单核共享树组播算法,即核心群合并共享树(CCST)和加权核心群合并共享树(w-CCST)算法。CCST 算法包括动态近似中心(DAC)选核方法和核心群合并组播路径构建方法。DAC方法专为周期、规律运动的低轨卫星网络提出,不需要复杂的星上计算。在核心群合并方法中,以核节点作为初始核心群,通过核心群和剩余组成员的最短路径方法逐步扩展直至整棵组播树构建完成,从而使得组播树的树代价最小,大大提高了网络的带宽利用率和组播传输效率。w-CCST 算法中所提出的加权因子可以调整树代价和端到端传播时延之间的折衷程度,因此,可以通过调整加权因子来适度增大树代价、降低端到端传播时延以支持某些端到端时延要求苛刻的实时组播业务。最后,与低轨卫星 IP 网络中典型算法进行了性能比较,仿真结果说明,CCST 算法的平均树代价比其它算法显著降低,w-CCST 算法的平均端到端传播时延小于 CCST 算法。     

Jet Vectoring Control Using a Novel Synthetic Jet Actuator

A primary air jet vectoring control system with a novel synthetic jet actuator (SJA) is presented and simulated numerically. The results show that, in comparison with an existing traditional synthetic jet actuator, which is able to perform the duty of either “push” or “pull”, one novel synthetic jet actuator can fulfill both “push” and “pull” functions to vector the primary jet by shifting a slide block inside it. Therefore, because the new actuator possesses greater efficiency, it has potentiality to replace the existing one in various appli- cations, such as thrust vectoring and the reduction of thermal signature. Moreover, as the novel actuator can fulfill those functions that the existing one can not, it may well be expected to popularize it into more flow control systems.     

Nonlinear Adaptive Slewing Motion Control of Spacecraft Truss Driven by Synchronous V-gimbaled CMG Precession

The slewing motion control of a truss arm driven by a V-gimbaled control-moment-gyro (CMG) is a nonlinear control problem. The V-gimbaled CMG consists of a pair of gyros that must precess synchronously. The moment of inertia of the system, the angular momentum of the gyros and the external disturbances are not exactly known. With the help of feedback linearization and recursive Lyapunov design method, an adaptive nonlinear controller is designed to deal with the unknown items. Performance of the proposed controller is verified by simulation.     

An SOR Implicit Time-accurate Scheme in Calculating Unsteady Flows

A new time-accurate marching scheme for unsteady flow calculations is proposed in the present work. This method is the combination of classical Successive Over-Relaxation (SOR) iteration method and Jacobian matrix diagonally dominant splitting method of LUSGS. One advantage of this algorithm is the second-order accuracy because of no factorization error. Another advantage is the low computational cost because the Jacobian matrices and fluxes are only calculated once in each physical time step. And, the SOR algorithm has better convergence property than Gauss-Seidel. To investigate its accuracy and convergency, several unsteady flow computa- tional tests are carried out by using the proposed SOR algorithm. Roe’s FDS scheme is used to discritize the inviscid flux terms. Un- steady computational results of SOR are compared with the experiment results and those of Gauss-Seidel. Results reveal that the numerical results agree well with the experimental data and the second-order accuracy can be obtained as the Gauss-Seidel for unsteady flow computations. The impact of SOR factor is investigated for unsteady computations by using different SOR factors in this algorithm to simulate each computational test. Different numbers of inner iterations are needed to converge to the same criterion for different SOR factors and optimal choice of SOR factor can improve the computational efficiency greatly.