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1.
<正>空间物理研究开始于地基监测,人类很早从极光、气晖、天电、潮汐等现象开始了地面的观测研究,随后利用气球、火箭进行了临近空间的探测,空间物理学的发展随着航天技术和空间探测技术的发展而迅速发展起来了。自20世纪中期的半个世纪以来,人类发射了数百颗航天器用于空间物理探测。4我国空间物理探测最新进展我国第一个空间科学探测计划—\"地球空间双星探测计划\"(简称\"双星计划\")的成功实施,开  相似文献   

2.
摘要:为了探索太阳空间探测活动的发展方向,在广泛调研太阳空间探测任务的基础上,综合考虑任务实施年代、轨道设计、探测要素、技术特点和成果影响力,选取了10个典型空间太阳探测器,对其科学目标、有效载荷、卫星平台特性和科学发现进行了分析,提炼总结了太阳空间探测的进展和发展趋势。总体而言,太阳探测器运行轨道逐步多样化,有效载荷探测要素更加丰富,探测精度、时空分辨率等显著提升,但仍存在大量问题待解决。在分析现阶段成果和待解决问题的基础上,提出了太阳空间探测的发展展望,指出了全方位、多要素探测是破解太阳物理和空间天气预报发展瓶颈的可行途径。  相似文献   

3.
《空间科学学报》2004,24(1):80-80,73
第十届全国日地空间物理学术讨论会于2003年10月17日至22日在上海双拥大厦召开,参加本 次大会的代表来自全国23个单位,共176人,宣读论文170篇,均超过历届代表人数和论文篇数.本 次大会是空间物理学术交流的空前盛会.  相似文献   

4.
中国月球及深空空间环境探测   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1       下载免费PDF全文
深空探测承载着人类航天技术发展、探索宇宙奥秘和寻找地外生命及人类宜居地的重任,成为各航天大国关注的热点。我国月球与深空探测虽然起步晚,但起点高,正在追赶并将实现领先。简要回顾了我国月球及深空空间环境探测的载荷情况、数据结果、理论和应用研究成果,简述了当前在研的自主火星空间环境探测目标以及规划中的未来深空探测任务,并根据当前国际发展态势,及我国在研、规划中的月球及深空探测任务情况,分析了我国月球及深空空间环境探测的关键科学问题、载荷技术发展趋势、理论与模拟的研究需求,最后对深空环境探测进行了展望。  相似文献   

5.
空间物理和空间环境探测对空间知识创新、探测技术创新及空间物理研究和空间环境预报的创新起着至关重要的作用.我国在空间运载技术方面已进入国际先进行列,但在空间探测技术方面与国际先进水平相比还有较大差距.这是限制我国空间科学和技术发展的重要因素之一.  相似文献   

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7.
2003年12月30日发射的中国探测一号卫星和2004年7月25日发射的中国探测二号卫星是“地球空间双星探测计划”(简称“双星计划”)的两颗卫星。所谓“双星计划”就是发射2颗探测地球磁层空间的卫星进入赤道轨道和极地轨道组成“双子星座”,运行于目前国际上地球空间探测卫星尚未覆盖的重要活动区,主要用于研究太阳活动、行星际磁层空间暴和之灾害性地球空间天气的物理过程。[第一段]  相似文献   

8.
2003年10月28日,太阳发生了一次强烈的耀斑爆发,耀斑形成区域的面积超过地球面积的3倍。同时,日冕物质从一个巨大的太阳黑子中抛射出来,产生的带电粒子流以每小时750万千米的速度冲向地球。它引发了当年10月30日近地空间的地磁暴和电离层暴,使地球无线电短波通信等受到严重  相似文献   

9.
在历时20余年的立项和研制进程后,2020年2月10日由欧空局(ESA)主导、美国参加的太阳轨道探测器任务在美国发射升空,这是人类首个对太阳极区成像的空间太阳物理任务。太阳轨道探测器将用约3年时间在水星轨道以内的大椭圆日心轨道开展近距离太阳观测,用7年(包括3年延寿期)时间在黄道面外开展太阳极区高分辨率成像及探测。该任务有望进一步揭示太阳磁场,太阳活动爆发,太阳风起源、加速及其行星际传播和对地球空间天气的驱动等重要前沿问题的本质,加深对太阳活动周以及日地联系的理解。该任务启示中国空间科学要重视太阳深空观测任务的前瞻布局与立项实施。  相似文献   

10.
太阳物理学是研究太阳上发生的物理过程及其对行星际空间环境影响的学科。太阳是人类唯一可以进行细致探测的恒星,也是天然的多尺度过程并存的等离子体实验室,同时,太阳活动直接影响日地空间环境和人类地球家园的宜居性,剧烈的太阳活动如耀斑和日冕物质抛射还会影响人类的航天航空、通信导航、电网等高技术活动与设施。因此对太阳物理的研究不仅是理解浩瀚宇宙的基石,也是理解日地联系和行星宜居性的基础,同时还是国家在航天和空间安全领域的战略需求。21世纪以来,随着卫星探测技术发展,太阳物理学进入了全新的发展阶段。本文梳理了近年来太阳物理学在空间探测中的发展态势,凝练中国太阳物理学未来空间探测发展的重点领域,优化学科布局,推进太阳物理的高质量发展。  相似文献   

11.
In Japan, Communications Research Laboratory engages in operational space environment information services as National Forecasting Center and Regional Warning Center of ISES. Data from local observations and data collected via internet from domestic and foreign institutes are used for the daily operational forecast. Fundamental research on space weather issues has been carried out at several institutes and universities, including STE Laboratory and NASDA. In this presentation, an overview of current space weather forecast operations and a system for information outreach in Japan will be presented. Current and future observation programs from ground-base and space will be also briefly reviewed.  相似文献   

12.
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The Chinese Meridian Space Weather Monitoring Project (Meridian Project) is a ground-based geospace monitoring chain in China. It consists of 15 ground-based observation stations located roughly along 120°E longitude and 30°N latitude. In recent two years, using data from the Meridian Project, significant progress has been made in space weather and space physics research. These advances are mainly in four aspects:regional characteristics of space environment above China or along 120°E meridian line, coupling between space spheres at different heights and different physical processes, space weather disturbance and its propagation along the meridian chain, and space weather effects on ground technical facilities.  相似文献   

13.
    
Cosmic Ray research on Mt. Aragats began in 1934 with the measurements of East–West anisotropy by the group from Leningrad Physics-Technical Institute and Norair Kocharian from Yerevan State University. Stimulated by the results of their experiments in 1942 Artem and Abraham Alikhanyan brothers organized a scientific expedition to Aragats. Since that time physicists were studying Cosmic Ray fluxes on Mt. Aragats with various particle detectors: mass spectrometers, calorimeters, transition radiation detectors, and huge particle detector arrays detecting protons and nuclei accelerated in most violent explosions in Galaxy. Latest activities at Mt. Aragats include Space Weather research with networks of particle detectors located in Armenia and abroad, and detectors of Space Education center in Yerevan.  相似文献   

14.
    
We present our research on a fast and decelerating partial halo coronal mass ejection (CME) event detected in multi-wavelengths in the chromosphere and the corona on 14 October, 1999. The event involved a whole complex active area which spanned more than 40° of heliolongitude. It included a strong solar flare (XI/1N) and a complex eruptive filament within an active region of the entire complex. Especially, several radio sources were detected in the decimetric range prior to the CME by the Nançay Radioheliograph (NRH). A linear force-free field extrapolation of the Michelson Doppler Imager (MDI) magnetogram was performed to calculate the magnetic topology of the complex prior to the triggering of the event. The presence of a coronal null point combined with the occurrence of two distant and nearly simultaneous radio sources put strong arguments in favor of the generalized breakout model for the triggering of the eruption. The analysis of the subsequent development of the event suggests that large interconnecting loops were ejected together with the CME.  相似文献   

15.
The main point of the paper is to use the simultaneous measurements of the energetic particle flux by TriTel and those of electron density by a Langmuir probe to study the question of to what extent solar electromagnetic and corpuscular radiation (galactic cosmic rays, particle precipitation from the radiation belts) are responsible for the ionization of the atmosphere. The electron density measured by the Langmuir probe is the sum of the ionization produced by the solar electromagnetic radiation and that due to the corpuscular radiation. The ionization produced by the solar electromagnetic radiation may be computed. The flux of energetic particles in an energy range may be determined by taking the difference between the threshold energy of the TriTel telescopes and the energy corresponding to the local cut-off rigidity. As the ESEO satellite will have a quasi-polar and circular orbit, the cut-off rigidity will change from low to high latitudes, thus enabling the assignment of different energy bands for the telescopes. Thus, it will be possible to determine which energy bands of particle produce ionization at different latitudes.  相似文献   

16.
A more flexible policy basis from which to manage our planet in the 21st century is desirable. As one contribution, we note that synergies between space exploration and the preservation of our habitat exist, and that protecting life on Earth requires similar concepts and information as investigations of life beyond the Earth, including the expansion of human presence in space. Instrumentation and data handling to observe both planetary objects and planet Earth are based on similar techniques. Moreover, while planetary surface operations are conducted under different conditions, the technology to probe the surface and subsurface of both the Earth and other planets requires similar tools, such as radar, seismometers, and drilling devices. The Earth observation community has developed some exemplary tools and has featured successful international cooperation in data handling and sharing that could be equally well applied to robotic planetary exploration. Here we propose a network involving both communities that will enable the interchange of scientific insights and the development of new policies and management strategies. Those tools can provide a vital forum through which the management of this planet can be assisted, and in which a new bridge between the Earth-centric and space-centric communities can be built.  相似文献   

17.
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Strategic Priority Research Program on Space Science has gained remarkable achievements. Space Environment Prediction Center (SEPC) affiliated with the National Space Science Center (NSSC) has been providing space weather services and helps secure space missions. Presently, SEPC is capable to offer a variety of space weather services covering many phases of space science missions including planning, design, launch, and orbital operation. The service packages consist of space weather forecasts, warnings, and effect analysis that can be utilized to avoid potential space weather hazard or reduce the damage caused by space storms, space radiation exposure for example. Extensive solar storms that occurred over Chinese Ghost Festival (CGF) in September 2017 led to a large enhancement of the solar energetic particle flux at 1 AU, which affected the near Earth radiation environment and brought great threat to orbiting satellites. Based on the space weather service by SEPC, satellite ground support groups collaborating with the space Tracking, Telemetering and Command system (TT&C) team were able to take immediate measures to react to the CGF solar storm event.  相似文献   

18.
This paper reviews various progresses on the ionospheric studies by the scientists in China during the last two years.The main contents concern the 4 aspects of the ionospheric re-search:(1) ionospheric weather and coupling with magnetosphere(polar and auroral ionosphere,ionospheric response to substorms,ionospheric storms);(2) mid-and low-latitude ionospheric clima-tology(ionospheric properties,yearly variations and solar activity dependence,long term variation);(3) ionospheric coupling with neutral atmosphere(gravity waves,tides,planetary waves,background upper atmosphere,and ionospheric response);and(4) ionospheric diagnostics(observation,modeling,and prediction).  相似文献   

19.
随着科技的发展,空间天气对电力系统、通信导航系统和航天资产等遍布全球的技术基础设施的影响越来越深.需要加强对空间天气事件过程的理解,提升空间天气的预报能力,优化基础设施设计,从而减缓空间天气对社会造成的影响.基于这些需求,国际空间研究委员会(COSPAR)联合国际与日共存计划(ILWS)共同成立专家组,研究制定了全球2015-2025空间天气发展路线图.本文对该路线图进行介绍和解读,讨论该路线图对中国空间天气发展的启示.  相似文献   

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