轧制NiMnFeGa高温形状记忆合金的微观结构及拉伸力学性能

 采用包套热轧的方法,将Ni56Mn17Fe8Ga19和Ni56Mn15Fe10Ga19合金铸锭成功轧制为均匀板材,研究了其微观组织结构、相变特性和拉伸力学性能等。结果显示,轧制后合金的晶粒和γ相变得细碎,且沿着轧制方向伸长分布,其逆马氏体相变温度下降,相变滞后减小;轧制态合金的抗拉强度和延伸率分别超过500 MPa和2%,热处理后,强度降低而延伸率上升。     

Ti-10V-2Fe-3Al合金锻件组织和性能的控制

介绍了Ti－10V－2Fe－3Al合金锻件的研制过程。通过锻造工艺和热处理工艺试验表明,该合金可实现中等强度下的高塑性和高韧性匹配,达到与30CrMnSiA钢相当的性能水平。     

钛合金的新型β热处理工艺——BRCT热处理工艺

钛合金的新型β热处理工艺克服了传统β热处理工艺往往会大幅度降低室温拉伸塑性或疲劳强度的缺点，经ＢＲＣＴ热处理的ＴＣ１１钛合金兼有高温、高强、高韧、高刚性、低密度和低ｄａ／ｄＮ的特性。     

Ti3Al基合金板材的超塑性研究

研究非典型等轴细晶的两种不同轧制变形量的Ti3Al基合金热轧板的超塑性变形行为及其变形前后的显微组织。研究结果表明:该合金在超塑性变形过程中组织会转化为有利于超塑性的细小等轴组织。其在变形温度为940～1020℃,应变速率为2×10-4～2×10-3S-1时具有良好的超塑性,其最大伸长率可达859.5%,应变速率敏感指数达0.43,该合金超塑性变形的主要机制是晶界滑动,而且这种非典型等轴细晶条件下超塑性变形时晶内变形以及位错蠕变所起的作用比在等轴细晶态组织条件下的作用更为显著。对非典型等轴细晶的Ti3Al基合金热轧板,无需进行复杂热处理,也可以获得良好的超塑性,更具有工业意义。     

ZL114A铸造舱体端框开裂失效分析

通过对某ZL114A铸造舱体端框在装配过程中出现的裂纹进行宏微观观察、化学成分检测、硬度测试及金相组织分析,发现其断裂原因是由于热处理工艺不当,组织疏松及大量的针状共晶硅和β(Al9Fe2Si2)相的存在降低了材料的强度和塑性,从而导致端框在使用过程中发生脆性准解理断裂。     

新型超高强结构材料

液淬非晶铝基Ａｌ－Ｌｎ－Ｍ系合金（Ｌｎ为稀土元素，Ｍ为过渡元素）不但塑性好而且还具有９８０ＭＰａ以上的拉伸断裂强度。最新研究表明，该系非晶铝基合金的拉伸断裂强度高达１５６０ＭＰａ。本文综述超高强非晶铝基合金的开发历程，成分组成，制备工艺，晶化温度和力学性能，拟为国内研究开发这类新型结构材料提供线索。     

7075铝合金在超塑处理和拉伸过程中的显微组织变化

 研究了 70 75铝合金在超塑性预处理和拉伸过程。结果表明 ,合金经过固溶处理炉冷→轧制预处理后 ,形成 1～ 2 μm的胞块组织。在超塑拉伸过程中胞块发生回复和再结晶 ,形成细晶组织 ,使合金获得优异的超塑性性能     

AL—Li合金（8090）均匀化组织与性能的研究

本文研究了8090合金均匀化过程,讨论了均匀化工艺对组织与拉伸性能的影响。结果表明,正确的均匀化工艺可使合金组织均匀,拉伸强度和延伸率明显提高,但是均匀化处理很难消除 Fe、Si 在晶界上的偏析。     

Hf对Nb15W5Si2B合金室温和高温力学性能的影响

 为了寻求Nb-Si基合金高温强度和室温塑性之间的平衡,设计了以Nb基固溶体相Nb-SS占主导的Nb15W5Si2BxHf(x= 0,5,10,15,原子百分数）合金,研究了Hf元素对Nb15W5Si2B合金的组织、室温和高温压缩性能以及高温蠕变性能的影响。结果表明,Nb15W5Si2B合金由Nb-SS和Nb5Si3两相组成,Nb5Si3相呈网状分布;Hf的加入不改变相组成,但Nb5Si3相由网状分布逐步变成不连续小岛状分布,而且体积分数减少。Hf同时提高Nb15W5Si2B合金的高温静强度和室温塑性,但对Nb15W5Si2B高温压缩蠕变性能不利。最后讨论了Hf对Nb15W5Si2B合金强化与塑性化机理。     

变形TiAl合金研究进展

变形TiAl合金以其低密度、高强度和优异抗氧化性等优点,成为最有潜力替代航空航天动力系统中较重镍基合金的高温结构材料。经过多年的研究,变形TiAl合金的发展已经取得了很大进步。本工作主要综述了近年来变形TiAl合金在合金化、熔炼、热加工(锻造、挤压和轧制)、粉末冶金和后续热处理等方面的研究进展。探讨变形TiAl合金存在的问题,并认为进一步提高合金的热加工性和室温塑性,开展合金化、热加工工艺优化、数值模拟等方面的研究,实现TiAl合金的工程化应用是未来TiAl合金领域的发展方向。     

有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计难点问题

有翼高超声速再入飞行器是近年来的研究热点,气动设计是飞行器设计的关键。为了更清楚地认识有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计的难点问题,对有翼高超声速再入飞行器的发展、优势及总体任务剖面进行了介绍,从5个方面详细介绍了该类飞行器气动设计的难点问题,包括多约束复杂面对称气动布局设计、高温真实气体效应对气动特性影响、天地差异与天地换算方法、反作用控制系统(RCS)喷流干扰对气动特性的影响以及气动数据不确定度等,简要阐明了这些难点问题对总体设计的重要性以及初步的解决思路,为有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计提供了一些参考。     

Simulation and Analysis of Crashworthiness of Fuel Tank for Helicopters

Crashworthiness requirement of fuel tanks is one of the important requirements in helicopter designs. The relations among the protection frame, textile layer and rubber layer of the fuel tank are introduced. Two appropriate FE models are established, one is for an uncovered helicopter fuel tank without protection frame, and the other is for fuel tank with protection frame. The dynamic responses of the two types of fuel tanks impinging on the ground with velocities of 17.3 m/s are numerically simulated for the purpose of analyzing energy-absorbing capabilities of the textile layer and protection frame. The feasibility of the current crashworthiness design of the fuel tank is examined though comparing the dynamic response behaviors of the two fuel tanks.     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

突破技术趋同，波音再现竞争优势

 波音公司面临着来自空客公司的巨大挑战,企业战略性创新才是公司成功的关键。为此波音公司的全部战略性研究集中在扩大产品的差异性上,体现在3个方面：电子化（e-Enabled）运营环境、整体复合材料机身部件的制造技术和支持波音787客机的全球协同环境（GCE）。     

临近空间飞行器测控与信息传输系统频段选择

 临近空间飞行器是高性能信息化武器平台,测控（TT&;C）与信息传输系统是其信息保障的核心,而选择合理、可行的频段是展开系统设计的前提和基础。频段选择影响到整个技术方案的制定,是一个需综合考虑、影响深远并具有战略意义的关键问题,从国际电联（ITU）国际标准、高速数传、接收信噪比（SNR）、“三抗”、超视距中继、黑障、雨衰以及设备研制成熟度8个方面全面、细致论证了近空间平台测控系统的频段选择问题,最终得出在视距链路中以Ka频段为宜,在超视距链路中以Ku/Ka双频段为宜的结论。     

基于弯曲激波压缩系统的高超声速进气道反设计研究进展

总结了近十年来弯曲激波压缩研究的主要成果。提出了弯曲激波压缩系统的新概念,即利用特殊设计的楔形弯曲压缩面或空间弯曲压缩面,产生一系列与前缘弱激波相互交汇或叠加的压缩波系,从而使前缘激波弯曲,形成特殊的弯曲激波,它与波后的等熵压缩波来共同完成对气流的压缩。在此基础上,实现了由给定出口气动参数的超声速内流道反设计,实现了由给定压缩面压力分布和给定压缩面马赫数分布要求的型面反设计,实现了由给定激波波面的压缩型面反设计。研究证明,弯曲压缩面-弯曲激波压缩系统具有良好的综合气动性能,为高性能高超声速进气系统的气动设计提供了一种全新的设计方法。     

Experimental Study on Effects of Fuel Injection on Scramjet Combustor Performance

In order to investigate the effects of fuel injection distribution on the scramjet combustor performance, there are conducted three sets of test on a hydrocarbon fueled direct-connect scramjet test facility. The results of Test A, whose fuel injection is carried out with injectors located on the top-wall and the bottom-wall, show that the fuel injection with an appropriate close-front and centralized distribution would be of much help to optimize combustor performances. The results of Test B, whose fuel injection is performed at the optimal injection locations found in Test A, with a given equivalence ratio and different injection proportions for each injector, show that this injection mode is of little benefit to improve combustor performances. The results of Test C with a circumferential fuel injection distribution displaies the possibility of ameliorating combustor performance. By analyzing the effects of injection location parameters on combustor performances on the base of the data of Test C, it is clear that the injector location has strong coupled influences on combus- tor performances. In addition, an inner-force synthesis specific impulse is used to reduce the errors caused by the disturbance of fuel supply and working state of air heater while assessing combustor performances.     

(高)超声速流动试验技术及研究进展

近年来,与高速飞行器相关的(高)超声速流动受到了极大的关注。这类流动所具有的非定常性、强梯度和可压缩性对试验方法和风洞设计技术提出了挑战。超声速纳米示踪平面激光散射(NPLS)技术是由作者所在团队研发的非接触光学测试技术。它能够以较高的空间分辨率来揭示超声速三维流场的一个瞬态剖面的时间解析的流动结构。介绍了NPLS技术以及基于NPLS开发的密度场测量、雷诺应力测量和气动光学波前测量等方法,并回顾了这些技术在超声速边界层、超声速混合层、超声速压缩拐角、激波/边界层相互作用和光学头罩绕流等流动中的应用,清晰地再现了边界层、混合层、激波等典型流场结构及其时空演化特性。另外,为了模拟和研究高空大气条件下边界层自然转捩和超声速混合层的转捩特性,介绍了高超声速静风洞、超-超混合层风洞的设计技术以及层流化喷管的设计方法。     

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.