异形截面碳纤维及其对复合材料力学性能的影响

介绍一种异形截面碳纤维,并对其环氧复合材料的力学性能进行研究.对该碳纤维表面特性和本体结构及碳纤维/环氧复合材料的常规力学性能、破坏模式和纤维堆砌方式进行初步分析,并与T300碳纤维及其环氧复合材料进行比较.结果表明,与T300相比该异形截面碳纤维的截面为"腰"形,表面光滑,化学活性差,石墨化程度低,但其比表面积大,对液体的浸润性能好;异形截面碳纤维/环氧复合材料的力学性能达到或者接近T300环氧复合材料;异形截面碳纤维与树脂基体的界面结合较弱,纤维在材料中的分布均匀性差.     

国产CCF700-12K碳纤维及其复合材料的性能研究

文摘以某重要型号产品高强碳纤维材料国产化为研究背景,开展了CCF700-12K碳纤维及其复合材料力学性能、耐空间环境性能以及热性能研究。结果表明,国产CCF700-12K碳纤维拉伸强度为4 706 MPa,拉伸模量为268 GPa;CCF700-12K/F46复合材料单向板拉伸强度为1 958.8 MPa,拉伸模量为144.79 GPa;CCF700-12K碳纤维的力学性能优异,工艺性能稳定,能够满足复合材料结构工程应用要求。     

介绍新型混杂复合材料（CALL）

纤维增强树脂/金属层间混杂复合材料是国外80年代开发的具有优良性能及广阔应用前景的新型结构材料。芳纶增强环氧/铝曾间混杂复合材料（ARALL）具有优异的耐疲劳开裂性、高拉伸强度,耐冲击、易加工成型,预计在90年代将取代大约10％航空用金属材料。碳纤维增强环氧/铝层间混杂复合材料（CALL）具有质轻、高强、尺寸热稳定性好、耐疲劳性能优良等特点。     

用于可充气展开结构的热固性复合材料耐折叠性能研究

对进行了耐折叠性能下降的原因。环氧耐折叠性能以芳纶纤维／环氧预浸布和碳纤维/环氧预浸布为内层、聚酰亚胺膜为外层的复合薄膜材料能测试，考察了折叠半径、折叠时间、贮存期对材料拉伸性能的影响，分析了折叠引起材料性结果表明：折叠半径、折叠时间对两种材料的模量和拉伸强度的影响规律各不相同，碳纤维/不如芳纶纤维/环氧复合材料，折叠损伤主要表现在纤维损伤和树脂堆积。     

某型飞机用PMI泡沫夹层复合材料的设计

本文选用国外先进、成熟的高温固化环氧碳纤维复合材料、PMI轻质泡沫塑料芯材及高温固化结构胶粘剂,从适航、材料选择、夹层结构特点等方面出发,来设计泡沫芯/高温固化环氧碳纤维夹层复合材料,并采用目前应用最多的一种成形工艺方法-热压罐成形工艺来制备该复合材料。将泡沫芯/高温固化环氧碳纤维夹层复合材料应用于某型飞机,具有显著的结构减重效果,为民机结构应用泡沫夹层复合材料奠定了坚实的基础。     

冷等离子体接枝处理对碳纤维织物／环氧复合材料界面性能的影响

采用冷等离子体接枝法对碳纤维织物进行表面处理,在纤维表面产生活性官能团,研究了冷等离子体接枝处理对碳纤维织物/环氧复合材料的层间剪切强度的影响。实验结果表明,冷等离子体接枝处理提高了碳纤维表面活性,从而改善了碳纤维织物/环氧复合材料的界面粘结性能,进而改善了复合材料的界面性能。     

冷等离子体处理对碳纤维缝编织物/环氧复合材料界面性能的影响

采用冷等离子体对碳纤维缝编织物进行表面处理 ,并采用XRD对处理前后的碳纤维表面结构进行了分析 ,研究了冷等离子体处理对浸润性以及碳纤维缝编织物 /环氧复合材料的层间剪切强度的影响。实验结果表明 ,冷等离子体处理提高了碳纤维表面活性、浸润性 ,从而改善了碳纤维缝编织物 /环氧复合材料的界面粘结性能 ,进而改善了复合材料的界面性能。     

胶含量对CF/BF复合材料性能的影响

制备了碳纤维/玄武岩纤维(CF/BF)增强酚醛树脂复合材料,研究了复合材料层合板不同胶含量对其层间剪切强度、热传导和耐烧蚀性能的影响。结果表明:CF/BF复合材料,在胶的体积分数为35%时,复合材料经纬向层间剪切强度达到最大值21和20 MPa;在胶的体积分数为39.5%处,热导率和线烧蚀率出现最低值0.366 W/(m.K)和87μm/s。CF/BF混杂纤维复合材料性能符合混杂纤维复合材料性能混杂效应规律。     

碳纤维/ 氰酸酯复合材料尺寸稳定性能

对碳纤维/氰酸酯复合材料的吸湿、空间放气、吸湿变形性能进行了研究,并与传统碳纤维/环氧复合材料的性能进行对比。研究表明:氰酸酯基复合材料的吸湿性能优于碳纤维/环氧树脂复合材料,且其各项空间环境性能均与环氧树脂基复合材料相当。     

碳/环氧波导滤波器导电层电铸工艺研究

前言碳/环氧波导滤波器是一种微波器件。该器件由于采用了环氧碳纤维做为结构材料,所以具有重量轻、强度高、尺寸稳定等特性。但是,环氧碳纤维复合材料是电的非良导体,所以用这种材料制成的波导管不起滤波作用。要使环氧碳纤维做成的波导管成为滤波器,就必须在结构复杂的波导     

有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计难点问题

有翼高超声速再入飞行器是近年来的研究热点,气动设计是飞行器设计的关键。为了更清楚地认识有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计的难点问题,对有翼高超声速再入飞行器的发展、优势及总体任务剖面进行了介绍,从5个方面详细介绍了该类飞行器气动设计的难点问题,包括多约束复杂面对称气动布局设计、高温真实气体效应对气动特性影响、天地差异与天地换算方法、反作用控制系统(RCS)喷流干扰对气动特性的影响以及气动数据不确定度等,简要阐明了这些难点问题对总体设计的重要性以及初步的解决思路,为有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计提供了一些参考。     

Simulation and Analysis of Crashworthiness of Fuel Tank for Helicopters

Crashworthiness requirement of fuel tanks is one of the important requirements in helicopter designs. The relations among the protection frame, textile layer and rubber layer of the fuel tank are introduced. Two appropriate FE models are established, one is for an uncovered helicopter fuel tank without protection frame, and the other is for fuel tank with protection frame. The dynamic responses of the two types of fuel tanks impinging on the ground with velocities of 17.3 m/s are numerically simulated for the purpose of analyzing energy-absorbing capabilities of the textile layer and protection frame. The feasibility of the current crashworthiness design of the fuel tank is examined though comparing the dynamic response behaviors of the two fuel tanks.     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

ν-gap度量及其在飞行控制律评估中的应用

 传统控制律评估方法主要用于单输入单输出（SISO）系统，且对模型参数摄动考虑不够全面,针对这些不足，研究了ν-gap度量方法。在介绍系统广义稳定裕度相关概念的基础上，给出了ν-gap度量的定义、特点和性质以及近似摄动模型的计算，提出ν-gap度量评估控制律的步骤。实例结果表明，该方法不仅克服了上述传统评估方法的缺陷，而且还有根据所求的各摄动影响情况忽略影响小的元素，以减少计算量及可以找到最坏情况下的参数摄动组合等优点。     

突破技术趋同，波音再现竞争优势

 波音公司面临着来自空客公司的巨大挑战,企业战略性创新才是公司成功的关键。为此波音公司的全部战略性研究集中在扩大产品的差异性上,体现在3个方面：电子化（e-Enabled）运营环境、整体复合材料机身部件的制造技术和支持波音787客机的全球协同环境（GCE）。     

临近空间飞行器测控与信息传输系统频段选择

 临近空间飞行器是高性能信息化武器平台,测控（TT&;C）与信息传输系统是其信息保障的核心,而选择合理、可行的频段是展开系统设计的前提和基础。频段选择影响到整个技术方案的制定,是一个需综合考虑、影响深远并具有战略意义的关键问题,从国际电联（ITU）国际标准、高速数传、接收信噪比（SNR）、“三抗”、超视距中继、黑障、雨衰以及设备研制成熟度8个方面全面、细致论证了近空间平台测控系统的频段选择问题,最终得出在视距链路中以Ka频段为宜,在超视距链路中以Ku/Ka双频段为宜的结论。     

基于弯曲激波压缩系统的高超声速进气道反设计研究进展

总结了近十年来弯曲激波压缩研究的主要成果。提出了弯曲激波压缩系统的新概念,即利用特殊设计的楔形弯曲压缩面或空间弯曲压缩面,产生一系列与前缘弱激波相互交汇或叠加的压缩波系,从而使前缘激波弯曲,形成特殊的弯曲激波,它与波后的等熵压缩波来共同完成对气流的压缩。在此基础上,实现了由给定出口气动参数的超声速内流道反设计,实现了由给定压缩面压力分布和给定压缩面马赫数分布要求的型面反设计,实现了由给定激波波面的压缩型面反设计。研究证明,弯曲压缩面-弯曲激波压缩系统具有良好的综合气动性能,为高性能高超声速进气系统的气动设计提供了一种全新的设计方法。     

Integrated Entry Guidance for Reusable Launch Vehicle

A method for the implementation of integrated three-degree-of-freedom constrained entry guidance for reusable launch vehicle is presented. Given any feasible entry conditions, terminal area energy management interface conditions, and the reference trajectory generated onboard then, the method can generate a longitudinal guidance profile rapidly, featuring linear quadratic regular method and a proportional-integral-derivative tracking law with time-varying gains, which satisfies all the entry corridor constraints and meets the requirements with high precision. Afterwards, by utilizing special features of crossrange parameter, establishing bank-reversal corridor, and determining bank-reversals according to dynamically adjusted method, the algorithm enables the lateral entry guidance system to fly a wide range of missions and provides reliable and good performance in the presence of significant aerodynamic modeling uncertainty. Fast trajectory guidance profiles and simulations with a reusable launch vehicle model for various missions and aerodynamic uncertain-ties are presented to demonstrate the capacity and reliability of this method.     

Experimental Study on Effects of Fuel Injection on Scramjet Combustor Performance

In order to investigate the effects of fuel injection distribution on the scramjet combustor performance, there are conducted three sets of test on a hydrocarbon fueled direct-connect scramjet test facility. The results of Test A, whose fuel injection is carried out with injectors located on the top-wall and the bottom-wall, show that the fuel injection with an appropriate close-front and centralized distribution would be of much help to optimize combustor performances. The results of Test B, whose fuel injection is performed at the optimal injection locations found in Test A, with a given equivalence ratio and different injection proportions for each injector, show that this injection mode is of little benefit to improve combustor performances. The results of Test C with a circumferential fuel injection distribution displaies the possibility of ameliorating combustor performance. By analyzing the effects of injection location parameters on combustor performances on the base of the data of Test C, it is clear that the injector location has strong coupled influences on combus- tor performances. In addition, an inner-force synthesis specific impulse is used to reduce the errors caused by the disturbance of fuel supply and working state of air heater while assessing combustor performances.     

(高)超声速流动试验技术及研究进展

近年来,与高速飞行器相关的(高)超声速流动受到了极大的关注。这类流动所具有的非定常性、强梯度和可压缩性对试验方法和风洞设计技术提出了挑战。超声速纳米示踪平面激光散射(NPLS)技术是由作者所在团队研发的非接触光学测试技术。它能够以较高的空间分辨率来揭示超声速三维流场的一个瞬态剖面的时间解析的流动结构。介绍了NPLS技术以及基于NPLS开发的密度场测量、雷诺应力测量和气动光学波前测量等方法,并回顾了这些技术在超声速边界层、超声速混合层、超声速压缩拐角、激波/边界层相互作用和光学头罩绕流等流动中的应用,清晰地再现了边界层、混合层、激波等典型流场结构及其时空演化特性。另外,为了模拟和研究高空大气条件下边界层自然转捩和超声速混合层的转捩特性,介绍了高超声速静风洞、超-超混合层风洞的设计技术以及层流化喷管的设计方法。