探针支杆尾迹特性对压气机叶栅性能的影响

以圆柱状方向探针为研究对象开展了探针支杆尾部椭圆状修型,采用数值模拟与试验研究相结合的方法分析了探针支杆尾迹特性对压气机叶栅性能的影响。结果表明:探针支杆扰流会增大下游叶栅总压损失和对应叶片的尾迹损失;相比于其他安装位置,支杆安装在叶片通道中部时对下游叶栅气动性能的影响较小。当进口马赫数为0.50时,支杆尾部椭圆状修型可以延缓支杆表面附面层气流分离以大幅降低尾迹强度,从而减小尾迹对下游叶栅流场的干扰;当进口马赫数为0.87时,由于支杆表面出现激波与附面层干涉,使得附面层发生分离,此时进行支杆尾部椭圆状修型不能有效降低支杆尾迹强度,无法减小支杆尾迹对下游叶栅流场的干扰。     

叶片加工误差对压气机叶栅气动性能的影响

压气机叶片在加工过程中会造成加工成型的叶片与设计者的初衷有一定的偏差。为了获知偏差对叶片气动性能的影响,结合我国现有的叶片检测方法,采用单因素法数值研究了叶片扭转、轮廓度、前后缘半径、前后缘形状及弦长误差对叶片气动性能的影响规律。研究结果表明,不同位置、不同大小的误差对性能影响不一,其中叶型扭转、轮廓度及前缘(半径、形状)误差是影响性能的主要参数,而尾缘(半径、形状)误差对性能影响不明显。其中0.5°的扭转误差会恶化性能高达46.56%,0.1mm的轮廓误差最高恶化性能达20.40%。所获得的误差影响规律可以用于提供合理的加工技术要求及制定叶片质量评判标准。     

槽道宽度对压气机叶栅气动性能的影响

数值模拟了槽道宽度对压气机叶栅气动性能的影响.结果表明,在4种采用不同槽道宽度的叶片开槽流动控制方案中,槽道出口射流均能有效吹除叶片吸力面尾缘附面层气流,提高叶栅气动性能,并存在使叶栅性能提升最大的最佳槽道宽度;随着槽道宽度增大,槽道出口射流流量及其作用范围得到增大,但同时也增加了射流在槽道出口处的流动损失,限制了射流的作用效果,从而使大槽道宽度时的叶栅性能下降.      

基于扇形叶栅的畸变流场对压气机静叶气动性能影响研究

随着飞机适航要求的提高,进口畸变对燃气轮机的影响也逐渐被重视起来。而飞行过程中燃气轮机所遇到的进口畸变经过动叶的传递后,往往会严重影响静叶进口气流角分布的均匀性,并恶化静叶的通流能力。为研究气流角畸变对静叶流场的影响,针对带有可调导叶的扇形叶栅,通过单独调整一片导叶角度而其它导叶角度不变的方式制造静叶进口畸变流场,并开展实验与仿真研究,分析该方法制造的畸变流场结构及其对静叶气动特性的影响。研究表明,采用的8号导叶旋转6°而其它导叶角度不变的方法可以改变静叶进口气流角、轴向速度、静压等参数的周向均匀度,实现静叶进口畸变流场。与均匀进口相比,气流角畸变度为3.22,气流角畸变度增加了1.14,并增加了静叶S8吸力面根部下通道涡的损失与影响范围,而对叶顶与中径处的影响相对较小。此外,受畸变流场影响的静叶流道总压恢复系数较均匀条件下略有下降。     

叶栅参数对反推力装置气动性能影响规律

针对某型叶栅式反推力装置,开展了气动性能数值预测的研究工作。采用本文提出的数值计算方法,在不同落压比下反推力预测值与实验值最大相差8．2％。流场速度等值线分布展示反推力装置叶栅内部流动特征．叶栅叶盆处的旋涡和叶背处的失速是导致气动性能下降的不利因素。大量数值计算结果揭示了叶片进入角、出流角、稠度等结构参数对轴向反推力、流量系数、总压恢复系数的影响规律。在本研究范围内,叶片进入角54°、出流角135°、稠度1.3的叶栅几何结构综合气动性能最优。     

叶片正弯对扩压叶栅气动性能的影响

为了研究叶片不同正弯曲角度对压气机叶栅气动性能的影响 ,在平面叶栅低速风洞上 ,对具有可控扩散叶型 (CDA)的直叶片和 15° ,2 0° ,2 5°正弯曲叶片压气机叶栅进行了实验。获得了不同弯曲角度扩压叶栅出口流场的能量损失系数、涡量以及叶片表面静压系数等的分布。结果表明 ,叶片正弯曲 2 0°时叶栅总损失降低最多 ,达16 15 %。正弯曲叶片吸力面形成“C”型压力分布 ,且这种分布随着叶片弯曲角度的增加而加强     

高压压气机平面叶栅试验

介绍了高压压气机四个叶片截面的平面叶栅吹风试验情况，在详细分析试验结果的基础上，对设计工作进行了评价。     

求解跨声速压气机叶栅粘性流动反问题的数值解

阐述了一种以有限体积的时间推进方法为基础求解跨声速压气机叶栅设计的反问题方法。应用这一技术设计叶型,规定叶片表面无量纲目标速度分布,通过比较目标速度分布和计算获得的速度分布来修改叶片压力面和吸力面的坐标,最终获得要求的叶片形状。计算程序使用分布体力方法模拟粘性,用局部时间步长和多重网格方法加速收敛。还介绍了这种方法求解的基本方程系统,并给出了采用这种方法设计的无激波超临界跨声速压气机叶栅的设计结果。     

仿生翅室对跨声速扩压叶栅角区分离流动影响研究

为了抑制压气机叶片吸力面角区分离,减小内部流动损失,改善通道内的通流能力,基于蜻蜓翅翼的翅室和褶皱结构特征,在跨声速扩压叶栅的端壁上布置仿生翅室结构.采用数值模拟方法,研究不同深度的仿生翅室结构对角区分离流动的影响.研究结果表明:0°攻角条件下仿生翅室影响效果最明显,能够提高端壁附近的湍动能,增加靠近端壁处流体速度,减...     

冲角对正弯曲叶片扩压叶栅气动性能的影响

为了研究冲角对正弯曲叶片压气机叶栅气动性能的影响,在平面叶栅低速风洞上,对具有可控扩散叶型(CDA)的直叶片,正弯曲15°和20°弯曲叶片压气机叶栅在0°,±6°和±10°冲角下进行了实验,获得了不同冲角下不同弯曲角度叶栅出口流场的能量损失系数和叶片表面静压系数等的分布。与直叶栅相比,叶片正弯曲后叶栅总损失在所有冲角下均得到了降低,在正冲角下,叶栅端部流动状况得到改善,在负冲角下,叶栅流道中的流动相对于直叶栅改善不明显。直叶栅在10°冲角下发生了遍布整个流道的分离流动,而正弯曲叶片的采用则削弱了流动的分离。     

Effect of tip geometry and tip clearance on aerodynamic performance of a linear compressor cascade

The tip leakage flow between a blade and a casing wall has a strong impact on compressor pressure rise capability, efficiency, and stability. Consequently, there is a strong motivation to look for means to minimize its impact on performance. This paper presents the potential of passive tip leakage flow control to increase the aerodynamic performance of highly loaded compressor blades. Experimental investigations on a linear compressor cascade equipped with blade winglets mounted to the blade tips have been carried out. Results for a variation of the tip clearance and the winglet geometry are presented. Current results indicate that the use of proper tip winglets in a compressor cascade can positively affect the local aerodynamic field by weakening the tip leakage vortex. Results also show that the suction-side winglets are aerodynamically superior to the pressure-side or combined winglets. The suction-side winglets are capable of reducing the exit total pressure loss associated with the tip leakage flow and the passage secondary flow to a significant degree.     

间隙变化对压气机静叶叶栅气动性能的影响

利用压气机平面叶栅试验,在大负攻角工况、设计工况和角区失速工况下,研究间隙变化对叶栅气动性能的影响,并分析内部流动变化与气动性能变化的关联。试验结果表明,不同工况下间隙变化对流场结构的影响不同,因而对叶栅性能的影响规律也不同。大负攻角工况下,不同间隙叶栅内在压力面前缘附近都存在一对由端壁向叶展中部发展的分离涡,间隙增大可以使叶栅总损失近似线性减小,并使间隙侧气流折转能力略微提升。设计工况下,无间隙侧吸力面角区存在轻微的角区分离,小间隙（0.2%展长）的引入首先会加剧间隙侧角区分离,当间隙进一步增大时,角区分离消失并形成泄漏涡结构。叶栅总损失随间隙增大呈先增大后减小再增加的趋势,角区分离的消除有助于提高间隙侧气流折转能力。角区失速工况下,间隙的引入可以削弱并移除间隙侧角区失速结构,从而使叶栅总损失下降,并在0.5%展长间隙时达到最小值,同时间隙侧气流折转能力得到增强。当间隙进一步增大时,叶栅损失变化不大。在间隙变化过程中,两侧端部流动结构产生相互影响,使两侧流场性能变化呈相反趋势。通过对比全工况范围内的气动性能,叶栅在选取0.5%展长间隙时整体性能最优。     

Experiments of effects of inlet-air distortion on aerodynamic performance in transonic compressor

The inlet-air distortion which was caused by high angle-of-attack flight was simulated by plugboard.Experiments were conducted on a transonic axial-flow compressor's rotor at 98% rotating speed.The flow-field characteristics and mechanism of performance degradation were analyzed in detail.The compressor inlet was divided into four sectors at circumference under inlet-air distortion.They were undistorted sector,transition sector A where the rotor was rotating into the distortion sector,distorted sector and transition sector B where the rotor was rotating out of the distortion sector.The experimental results show that compared with undistorted sector,there is a subsonic flow in transition sector A,so the pressure ratio is decreased by a large margin in this sector.However, the shock wave is enhanced in distortion sector and transition sector B, and thus the pressure ratio increases in these sectors.Because of the different works at circumference,the phase angle of total pressure changes 90° when the inlet total pressure distortion passes through compressor rotor.In addition,the frequency and amplitude of disturbances in front of the rotor strengthenes under inlet distortion,so the unstable flow would take place in advance.In addition, the position of stall inception is in one of the transition sectors.      

跨声速轴流压气机级全工况三维流场数值分析

以LV－SGS－GE隐式格式和MUSCL TVD迎风格式为基础，结合壁面函数方法和简单的混合长度湍流模型，对三维可压缩雷诺平均N－S方程进行求解。叶列间参数的传递采用混合平面方法并应用了微机网络并行计算技术。计算得到了NASA 35号低展弦比、跨声速轴流压气机组70％和90％设计转速下的全工况性能曲线，并重点分析了其中一些典型工况下的内部流场。计算与实验结果的对比表明，此方法能快速得到三维粘性流场的流动特性且计算精度较高，可用来模拟跨声速轴流压气机组内的全工况三维粘性流动。     

跨声速压气机动叶平面叶栅实验

对某跨声速压气机动叶根部叶型平面叶栅流场在不同冲角和进口等熵马赫数下进行了详细的测量,得到了冲角特性曲线和叶片表面及端壁静压.结果表明:负冲角及零冲角时,叶栅出口总压损失系数随进口等熵马赫数增加变化不大,而在正冲角时变化较大.相同进口等熵马赫数下,负冲角和零冲角时,叶片负荷较高;正冲角时,由于气流分离严重,叶片负荷下降,叶栅出口总压损失系数升高.随冲角由负冲角向正冲角增加,气流落后角逐渐增大,叶栅出口总压损失系数先减小后增大,最小值为0.034.冲角相同时,随进口等熵马赫数增加,叶栅出口总压损失系数总体呈增加趋势.      

压气机跨音速叶栅叶型的数值模拟

以抑制叶型吸力面激波强度、附面层分离,降低叶型损失为目标,对某型压气机跨音速叶栅叶型进行气动优化.运用数值模拟的方法对比研究优化后的叶栅同原型叶栅在相同工况下的气动性能,概述了气动性能产生变化的机理.与优化前对比发现,优化后的叶型具有低损失,工作范围大的特点.     

Reduced order model for unsteady aerodynamic performance of compressor cascade based on recursive RBF

Based on Recursive Radial Basis Function (RRBF) neural network, the Reduced Order Model (ROM) of compressor cascade was established to meet the urgent demand of highly efficient prediction of unsteady aerodynamics performance of turbomachinery. One novel ROM called ASA-RRBF model based on Adaptive Simulated Annealing (ASA) algorithm was developed to enhance the generalization ability of the unsteady ROM. The ROM was verified by predicting the unsteady aerodynamics performance of a highly-loaded compressor cascade. The results show that the RRBF model has higher accuracy in identification of the dimensionless total pressure and dimensionless static pressure of compressor cascade under nonlinear and unsteady conditions, and the model behaves higher stability and computational efficiency. However, for the strong nonlinear characteristics of aerodynamic parameters, the RRBF model presents lower accuracy. Additionally, the RRBF model predicts with a large error in the identification of aerodynamic parameters under linear and unsteady conditions. For ASA-RRBF, by introducing a small-amplitude and high-frequency sinusoidal signal as validation sample, the width of the basis function of the RRBF model is optimized to improve the generalization ability of the ROM under linear unsteady conditions. Besides, this model improves the predicting accuracy of dimensionless static pressure which has strong nonlinear characteristics. The ASA-RRBF model has higher prediction accuracy than RRBF model without significantly increasing the total time consumption. This novel model can predict the linear hysteresis of dimensionless static pressure happened in the harmonic condition, but it cannot accurately predict the beat frequency of dimensionless total pressure.     

喉道对压气机超声叶栅流态及性能的影响

为更深入认识超声叶栅流动机理,以ARL-SL19、CM-1.2和SM-1.5叶栅为研究对象,采用数值模拟和理论分析相结合的方式开展喉道对超声叶栅激波结构和性能影响的研究。研究结果表明:超声叶栅存在两种稳定工作状态,起动状态和溢流状态;在来流马赫数较高时,叶栅只工作于起动状态;在来流马赫数较低时,叶栅只工作于溢流状态;存在一个马赫数区间,叶栅的工作状态由前一个状态决定;对于低马赫数C形超声叶栅,高压比下气动喉道起决定因素;对于高马赫数S形超声叶栅,真实喉道起决定因素;若为气动喉道导致溢流,溢流实现更大的裕度和更低的损失,进口马赫数和气流角会受压比影响;若为真实喉道引进的溢流,溢流会降低裕度并增加损失,叶栅保持唯一进气角流动,但进口气流角和马赫数与起动状态不同。