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针对某液体火箭贮箱增压排液过程,采用二维数值模拟方法对其温度场进行计算.选用低雷诺数k-ε模型分析流体与固壁间的耦合换热,考虑到气液之间发生热质转移现象,编写了控制相变的用户自定义程序(UDF)并植入Fluent软件.采用文献实验数据对相同工况下的计算结果进行验证,对比结果表明所建立的二维模型能够有效预测气枕温度、壁面温度沿轴向分布规律.数值模拟结果发现:气体扩散器入口方向、入口面积对气枕温度、壁面温度的轴向分布影响较弱,而对靠近增压口附近的温度场影响明显.当增压气体竖直向下进入气枕时,贮箱上封头附近气枕温度较低,有利于保障安全阀的可靠运行.当增压气体水平进入气枕时,扩散器直径变大,贮箱顶端高温区范围相应扩大. 相似文献
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在所建立低温推进剂分布参数贮箱模型的基础上,采用液体火箭发动机试验台气路系统模块化建模与仿真软件,对某试验台液氧贮箱增压系统在发动机点火工作段的增压过程进行了仿真研究.仿真结果与试验结果以及经验公式计算结果获得了很好的一致,表明分布参数贮箱模型相对于集中参数模型更为准确全面地描述了低温贮箱内的流动和热分层现象,并表明有限体积模型体系及所开发的仿真软件具有广泛的适用范围和良好的仿真精度,在管路系统仿真领域具有工程应用价值和数值拓展潜力. 相似文献
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为了深入理解液体姿轨控发动机差动活塞式热气自增压系统的特点,依据增压系统平衡条件,采用集中参数法构建了系统的静态特性计算模型,研究了系统主要参数对系统状态和增压性能以及对系统自锁压力的影响规律。研究结果表明:系统增压气体流量朝着推进剂贮箱压力变化相反的方向而变化,起到调节和稳定推进剂贮箱压力的作用;燃气发生器毛细管参数的变化主要对系统增压流量造成影响,与长度相比,其内径变化对系统状态参数的影响作用更大;当压力放大比在设计值附近[-7.3%,+9.6%]变化时,系统稳态工作增压气体流量偏差保持在[-5%,0%]内;流量调节器结构参数的微小变动会引起增压气体流量的较大变化。 相似文献
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在不考虑传热传质的情况下建立了一种简化的贮箱模型, 并采用液体火箭发动机试验台气路系统通用模块化建模与仿真软件对容腔放气过程和某试验台贮箱增压系统在发动机点火工作段的增压过程进行了仿真, 计算结果与分析解和试验结果获得了较好的一致, 验证了软件的有效性和通用性.对两个系统的建模过程表明软件所采用的模块化建模与仿真方法适用于对复杂管网的建模, 在液体火箭发动机系统仿真上具有较好的应用前景.对贮箱增压系统的仿真表明, 合理设计PID控制参数并根据经验预置与额定流量相近的调节阀初始开度, 对于提高增压系统起动过程的平稳性有利. 相似文献
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以卫星单元肼推进系统轨控过程为研究对象,利用数值模拟手段研究了轨控过程中推进系统贮箱压力、贮箱温度、轨控时长等参数对轨控效果的定量影响,考察了在轨标定推力系数对于轨控模型的修正效果。选取某近地卫星对其轨道控制历史数据进行分析,通过在轨实测数据对轨控模型进行了验证。结果表明,采用在轨标定推力修正系数能够有效地降低轨道控制模型的平均误差,平均误差值从3.615%减至1.924%;通过参数敏感性分析,得出贮箱温度的总体影响不超过0.2%,贮箱压力的总体影响不超过5%。通过对点火时长的影响分析发现,在不同的贮箱压力下,存在一个特定的临界点火时长;轨控时长低于临界点火时长时,贮箱压力的变化将不会被压力传感器识别。针对某低轨卫星,寿命初期箱压1.8MPa时,临界点火时长为8.5秒;寿命末期0.5Mpa时,临界点火时长为319.8秒。 相似文献
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液体火箭贮箱增压排液过程三种气枕模型的数值对比 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:1
针对液氧贮箱氦气增压排液过程,分别建立了零维整体模型、一维分层模型及二维计算流体力学(CFD)模型对气枕物理场的变化规律进行数值研究.零维及一维模型采用经验公式求解气枕与壁面间的换热量,而二维CFD模型通过低雷诺数k-ε模型确定流体与固壁间的耦合换热作用.计算时氦气采用理想气体模型.利用三种模型分别预测了贮箱内气枕压力、气枕平均温度及温度分布规律.计算结果表明:三组结果分布合理,不同模型的结果之间能够互相印证;对于气枕及与气枕接触壁面沿轴向的温度分布,在气枕主体区一维模型与二维模型预测结果基本吻合,而在靠近消能器的气枕上端,两种模型预测值存在偏差;当增压气体入口速度较大时,气枕上端径向温度分层明显,需采用二维CFD模型才能展示气枕物理场分布. 相似文献
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In order to accurately predict the heat and mass transfer behaviors and analyze key factors affecting pressurization process in the hydrogen tank, a comprehensive 2 D axial symmetry Volume-Of-Fluid(VOF) model is established by Computational Fluid Dynamics(CFD) method.The effects of phase change, turbulence and mass diffusion are included in the model and relationships between physical properties and temperature are also comprehensively considered. The phase change model is based on Hertz-Knudsen equation and the mass transfer time relaxation factor is determined by the NASA's experimental data. The mass diffusion model is included in gaseous helium pressurizing. The key factors including the inlet temperature, inlet mass flow rate, injector types and pressurizing gas kinds are quantitatively analyzed. Compared with the experiment, the simulation results show that the deviation of pressurizing gas mass consumption, condensing mass and ullage temperature are 3.0%, 7.5% and 4.0% respectively. The temperature stratification is existed along the axial direction in the surface liquid region and the ullage region, and the bulk liquid is in subcooled state during pressurizing. The location of phase change mainly appears near the vapor–liquid interface, and the mass transfer expressing as condensation or vaporization is mainly determined by the heat convection and molecular concentration near the vapor–liquid interface.The key factors show that increasing the inlet temperature and inlet mass flow rate could shorten the pressurizing time interval and save the pressurizing gas mass. The proportion of the total energy addition of the tank absorbed by the ullage region, the liquid region and the tank wall respectively is greatly influenced by the injector types and more heat transferred into the ullage would result in a faster pressure rising rate. Gaseous hydrogen pressurization has a higher efficiency than gaseous helium pressurization. The simulation results presented in this paper can be used as a reference for design optimization of the pressurization systems of cryogenic liquid launch vehicles so as to save the mass of pressurizing gases and shorten the pressurizing time interval. 相似文献
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为了考虑低温介质的热力学效应对空化发展的影响,基于气泡表面对流换热平衡建立了温降与气泡生长的关系,引入夹带理论估计了对流换热系数,并对一种输运型空化模型进行修正,将修正后的空化模型以二次开发的形式嵌入至商业软件中,同时引入能量方程源项以及物性参数随温度变化关系,对二维翼型表面空化流动进行数值仿真,通过与实验结果的对比,发现计算结果与实验结果符合较好,修正后的空化模型能够更好地预测空化区内温度的分布,最大温降偏差由62.18%降低至7.14%,平均温度偏差由0.59%降低至0.28%。考虑热效应之后,空化区主要由气液混合组成,来自主流的液体一部分经对流传递至空化区,一部分在翼型头部和气液界面处发生空化形成蒸汽,导致空化区气相体积分数显著减小,空化区与主流之间的界面变得模糊,最大温降和压降均发生在翼型头部位置。 相似文献
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The aim of this paper is to investigate the pressure wave propagation behavior in LOX/kerosene rocket engine pump pipeline. A pressure wave propagation model for gas–liquid two-phase flow with phase change taken into consideration is first proposed by using ensemble-averaging techniques. Then condensation of gas oxygen in subcooled liquid oxygen and the corresponding mixing process in pump pipeline are numerically simulated with the application of thermal phase change model in Computational Fluid Dynamics code CFX. Finally, based on the established model and the predicted flow parameters, pressure wave in gas–liquid pipeline flow, characterized by the propagation speed and the attenuation coefficient, is studied by personally compiled code on MATLAB. The calculation results indicate that the propagation speed of two-phase pressure wave first slightly falls and then increases with the decreasing void fraction along the flow direction, and the increase of angular frequency causes the propagation speed and the attenuation coefficient of two-phase pressure wave to increase. The vapor bubble diameter, mass flow rate and inlet temperature of gas oxygen are shown to have strong effects on the mixing flow condensation process of gas oxygen and liquid oxygen. Bubble with larger diameter can weaken the condensation process, and leads to greater cross-sectional mean void fraction of gas oxygen. This phenomenon results in an overall decrease in pressure wave propagation speed and an increase in attenuation coefficient except for the short slug-flow region located at the pipeline inlet. Similar effects can also be achieved by increasing the mass flow rate or the inlet temperature of gas oxygen. 相似文献
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小推力ADN基推力器在工作中,其毛细管内的推进剂容易在壁面传热作用下发生相变,进而影响推力器的正常工作。为了深入理解推进剂在毛细管内的相变和流动特性,采用三维数值模拟方法对毛细管微尺度流动和相变特性进行计算。计算考虑了毛细管与喷注器内的流固耦合传热、推进剂相变过程。推进剂相变采用Lee模型,气液体积分数的求解和气液界面捕捉重构采用VOF-CSF方法。本文首次采用VOF模型耦合Lee相变模型计算了ADN基推进剂在毛细管内的相变过程,并结合气泡空间分布仿真结果得到了质量流量和热回浸温度对流动特性的影响规律。计算结果显示,受到ADN基推进剂的冷却作用,毛细管内壁面温度要略低于外表面。毛细管内的气泡形成于弯管处,其体积沿着毛细管轴向下游逐渐增加,采取散热措施可减少并推迟气泡的形成。随着ADN基推进剂质量流量的降低或下游热回浸温度的增加,毛细管内的气泡均显著增加,且形成区域更接近上游区域。当热回浸温度从800K增加至1100K时,毛细管内的气泡体积从25.6mm~3增加至58.7mm~3。 相似文献
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In order to obtain the dynamic characteristics of a differential piston warm gas selfpressurization system for liquid attitude and divert propulsion system, a transient model is developed using the modular modeling method. The system includes the solid start cartridge,pressure-amplified tank with liquid monopropellant, liquid regulator, gas generator, and pipes.The one-dimensional finite-element state-variable model is applied to the pipes and the lumped parameter method is adopted for the other modules. The variations of the system operation parameters over time during the startup, steady-state, and pulsing operational processes are obtained from the transient model, and the characteristics of starting time changing with different system parameters are also analyzed. It is shown that the system startup process can be divided into three distinct processes. The starting time monotonically changes with variations of the liquid regulator parameters, first decreasing and then increasing with the mass change of the solid propellant charge of the start cartridge, initial gas cavity volume of the pressure amplified tank and initial gas cushion of the propellant tank. The starting time can be reduced to less than 1.0 s(0.68–0.75 s for the current system). For meeting the deviation requirements of ±10% of the steady-state propellant tank pressure, the positive deviation requirement is assured by the self-locking pressure and the negative deviation can be assured within an allowable maximum propellant tank volume flowrate(1.6 times the design value for the proposed system) for downstream thrusters for a designed system. The results from the simulation are useful as a guide for further system design and testing. 相似文献
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为进一步了解大型卧罐预冷过程,搭建了60 m3卧式液氮贮罐预冷试验台,对小流量下贮罐预冷过程的降温和罐体应变特性开展了研究。结果表明:预冷过程罐内气体温度首先整体迅速降低,然后缓慢下降,且呈现分层现象;预冷初期液氮在罐底难以积累;靠近底部的罐壁降温过程分为三个阶段,首先与低温氮气进行自然对流传热,温度缓慢下降,液位增长到相应高度后与液氮进行沸腾换热从而温度迅速下降,最后稳定在液氮温度;对于最终液位以上的罐壁,一直维持着平稳的降温速率;贮罐轴向应变全为负值,随着预冷过程进行轴向应变随之增大,与液氮接触的局部罐壁轴向应变会迅速增加。该项试验的成功进行有力地补充了国内大型卧罐预冷试验数据的空白,为低温贮罐可靠性及寿命预测等相关研究提供数据支撑。 相似文献
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为获得燃油汽心泵内气态区域的形成过程及形态的变化规律,基于renormalization group(RNG) k-ε双方程湍流模型与Schnerr-Sauer空化相变模型,对径向直叶片燃油汽心泵进行了整体三维建模与气液两相定常数值模拟,分析转速、进口节流活门开度、出口压力等因素对燃油汽心泵内气态区域的影响.结果表明:一定转速范围内气态区域随转速增加而扩大;转速不变时出口压力增加会使气态区域范围减小;气态区域扩张至极限位置即叶轮直径外,燃油汽心泵进入不稳定工况.RNG k-ε双方程湍流模型和与Schnerr-Sauer空化相变模型适用于燃油汽心泵汽心形态的数值模拟. 相似文献
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以基于毛细泵回路(CPL)原理的多孔芯蒸发器为研究对象,耦合多孔芯、蒸汽槽道和蒸发器壳体等多个部件,通过数值模拟的方法对碱金属工质在蒸发器内部的流动和相变传热特性进行分析,得到蒸发器内部的气相体积分数、温度、压力以及速度等分布。结果表明:碱金属液体极高的导热系数使得多孔芯部分的平均过热度不足1K;以碱金属为工质的多孔芯蒸发器,其内部的蒸发属于表面蒸发,气液界面稳定在多孔芯和蒸汽槽道的界面处,且在相同参数条件下,其毛细抽吸力比使用传统工质的蒸发器高1~2个数量级,具有更大的传输能力。 相似文献