适用于RTM成型聚酰亚胺树脂的合成与性能研究

使用4-苯乙炔苯酐(4-PEPA),2,3,3′4′-联苯四酸二酐(a-BPDA),1,4-双(4′-氨基-2′-三氟甲基苯氧基)苯(BTPB)和1,4-对苯二胺(p-PDA)合成了两种苯乙炔苯酐封端的聚酰亚胺低聚物PI-1和PI-2,并对低聚物的熔体粘度稳定性和热性能等进行系统研究.实验结果表明:采用热亚胺化方法制备的低聚物具有很高的产率(＞99%);PI-1低聚物在280℃时表现出低的熔体粘度(＜1Pa.s)和良好的熔体粘度稳定性,可用于RTM成型工艺制备树脂基复合材料;PI-1和PI-2低聚物经371℃固化后显示了优异的热性能,玻璃化转变温度超过400℃(DMA法,tanδ值),5%热失重温度超过520℃.     

苯乙炔基封端聚苯基喹恶啉的合成与性能研究

以4-苯乙炔基苯偶酰(PEBZ)作为封端剂,以芳香族四酮,9,9-双(4-苯偶酰氧基苯基)芴和芳香族四胺,3,3’,4,4 '-四氨基联苯(BPTA)作为单体,设计并合成了一系列苯乙炔基封端聚苯基喹恶啉(PEPPQ)树脂(PPQ-1～PPQ-4).设计分子量分别为2 500( PPQ-1)、5 000(PPQ-2)、10 000(PPQ -3)以及20 000(PPQ-4).流变分析表明,PPQ-1与PPQ -2具有良好的加工性能,350℃左右的最低黏度分别为21和568 Pa·s.通过热模压工艺制备了PPQ-1和PPQ -2固化样件,Tg分别为338和325℃.固化物具有优良的耐热稳定性,氮气中以10℃/min升温,5％失重温度均在550℃以上,750℃时的残重在60％以上.PPQ -2固化物表现出了良好的力学性能,拉伸与弯曲强度分别为88和155 MPa,断裂伸长率达到7.6％.     

低熔体黏度聚酰亚胺树脂的合成和性能

合成了两种以苯乙炔基封端的聚酰亚胺树脂,并对其熔体黏度、热性能和力学性能进行了研究。结果表明,两种树脂在280℃/2h的熔体黏度均小于1Pa.s,并具有良好的熔体黏度稳定性,可以用RTM的方法加工成型。PI-1树脂的Tg和T5d分别是402和534℃,PI-2树脂的Tg和Td5分别是356和525℃。碳纤维增强的PI-1基复合材料在300℃下具有大于70%的性能保持率。     

苯乙炔基封端PMR型聚酰亚胺树脂的制备与性能研究

使用2,3,3',4'-联苯四酸二酐、对苯二胺和反应性封端剂4-苯乙炔苯酐,采用单体原位反应聚合法制备了设计分子量为1500的PMR型聚酰亚胺树脂PEPA-15.PEPA-15树脂溶液具有良好的室温储存稳定性,我们使用AR-2000流变仪对树脂的熔体加工性能进行了初步测试,树脂经过371℃固化后显示了优异的热稳定性,T300碳纤维增强的复合材料经371℃后固化后在动态热机械分析测试(DMA)中在450℃前储能模量没有明显变化.     

高韧性环氧基体树脂的制备与性能

以N,N,N’,N’-四缩水甘油基-1,3-间苯二甲胺(TGMXDA)和双酚F环氧(DGEBF)作为基体,以4,4'-双[(4-氨基-2-三氟甲基)苯氧基]联苯(6FBAB)和3,3’-二氨基二苯砜(3,3’-DDS)作为固化剂制备了新型环氧基体树脂.研究了环氧基体与固化剂的结构和配比对环氧固化物耐热与力学性能的影响规律.结果表明,TGMXDA- DGEBF/6FBAB-DDS树脂体系固化物具有良好的力学性能,拉伸强度达到101 MPa,冲击强度＞20 kJ/m2,断裂伸长率＞6％.同时,该树脂体系还具有良好的耐热稳定性,氮气中的5％失重温度＞330℃.     

ODA/TPER共聚型聚酰亚胺的合成及其性能研究

使用二元酐均苯四甲酸二酐(PMDA)与不同摩尔比例的两种二元胺4,4'-二氨基二苯醚(ODA)和1,3-双(4-氨基苯氧基)苯(TPER)共聚制备了一系列聚酰亚胺(PI)薄膜,并通过乌氏粘度计、X-射线衍射仪(XRD)、环境扫描电镜(SEM)、热失重分析(TGA)对其性能进行了分析表征.结果表明,TPER的引入使PI薄...     

高透明性不对称聚酰亚胺的合成与性能研究

采用1,4-双(3'-氨基-5'-三氟甲基苯氧基)联苯(m-TFDAB)为二胺单体,分别与两种联苯型二酐单体,3,3',4,4'-联苯四甲酸二酐(s-8BPDA)以及2,3,3',4'-联苯四甲酸二酐(a-BPDA)通过一步高温溶液缩聚法制备了两种聚酰亚胺材料PI-1(s-BPDA/m-TFDAB)与PI-2(a-BPDA/m-TFDAB).研究结果表明,不对称化结构没有对聚酰亚胺材料的耐热性能、力学性能以及电性能产生显著影响.但可以显著增大聚酰亚胺在有机溶剂中的溶解性以及在可见光范围内的透明性.PI-2不仅可以溶解于极性非质子性溶剂中,而且在许多常规溶剂中也具有优良的溶解性能.PI-2薄膜在可见光波长范围内具有优良的透明性,450nm处的透光率达到86%.此外,该材料在氮气中的起始热分解温度超过580℃,而700℃时的残余重量百分数达到67%.     

新型含甲基苯基硅芳醚芳炔树脂的制备与性能

以1,4-二(4’-乙炔苯氧基)苯与甲基苯基二氯硅烷为原料,通过格氏反应合成具有二苯醚结构的含甲基苯基硅芳醚芳炔(PSEA-P2)树脂,进而制备其碳纤维增强复合材料。通过核磁共振(1H-NMR)、红外光谱(FT-IR)、差热分析(DSC)、热重分析(TGA)、动态热机械分析(DMA)等分析手段对树脂及其复合材料的结构与性能进行表征。结果表明:PSEA-P2树脂加工窗口为110~175℃,适合复合材料模压成型;树脂浇铸体具有优良的力学强度和耐热性能,在室温~450℃未出现玻璃化转变,弯曲强度可达54.3MPa,氮气下热分解温度Td5达到531℃;T300碳纤维增强复合材料室温下弯曲强度可达518.0MPa,400℃下弯曲强度保留率为53%。     

适用于RTM成型的新型耐烧蚀苯并噁嗪树脂的研究

在低黏度的双环苯并噁嗪中间体（B-BOZ）中加入一种新型的多官能基单环苯并噁嗪（AS-BOZ）或一种交联剂（TPA）,复配制得了一种适用于BTM成型的新型耐烧蚀苯并噁嗪树脂,对树脂体系的黏度及固化物的热稳定性、力学性能、残碳率及碳的形貌进行了研究。结果表明，无论是AS-BOZ还是TPA的引入都使得双环苯并噁嗪体系黏度降低,同时提高体系的交联密度,使固化物的Tg和残碳率都大幅度提高.其中BA2-1固化物的Tg为250℃,800℃下氮气中残碳率为68%,质量烧蚀率为23.3 mg/s;BT2-1固化物的Tg为240℃,800℃下氮气中残碳率为70%，质量烧蚀率为20.1 mg/s,两体系高温下均能得到致密的碳层结构。     

多炔基加成固化型高残碳酚醛树脂的制备与性能

以碱为催化剂,通过问乙炔基苯基重氮硫酸盐和酚醛树脂间的偶合反应,制备了间乙炔基苯偶氮酚醛树脂(EPAN).树脂的固化由乙炔基的热加成反应实现,无需外加固化剂.该树脂具有固化反应活性高,耐热性好,残碳率高的特点.为了进一步改善该树脂的工艺性,合成了炔丙基基团官能化的乙炔基苯偶氮酚醛树脂(PEPAN),研究了该树脂的工艺性、固化行为以及热性能.研究结果表明,与EPAN相比,树脂的工艺性得到进一步提高,加工窗口明显变宽,树脂固化物的耐热性明显提高,其5%失重温度(Td5)约为432℃,800℃残碳率约为74%.     

有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计难点问题

有翼高超声速再入飞行器是近年来的研究热点,气动设计是飞行器设计的关键。为了更清楚地认识有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计的难点问题,对有翼高超声速再入飞行器的发展、优势及总体任务剖面进行了介绍,从5个方面详细介绍了该类飞行器气动设计的难点问题,包括多约束复杂面对称气动布局设计、高温真实气体效应对气动特性影响、天地差异与天地换算方法、反作用控制系统(RCS)喷流干扰对气动特性的影响以及气动数据不确定度等,简要阐明了这些难点问题对总体设计的重要性以及初步的解决思路,为有翼高超声速再入飞行器气动设计提供了一些参考。     

Simulation and Analysis of Crashworthiness of Fuel Tank for Helicopters

Crashworthiness requirement of fuel tanks is one of the important requirements in helicopter designs. The relations among the protection frame, textile layer and rubber layer of the fuel tank are introduced. Two appropriate FE models are established, one is for an uncovered helicopter fuel tank without protection frame, and the other is for fuel tank with protection frame. The dynamic responses of the two types of fuel tanks impinging on the ground with velocities of 17.3 m/s are numerically simulated for the purpose of analyzing energy-absorbing capabilities of the textile layer and protection frame. The feasibility of the current crashworthiness design of the fuel tank is examined though comparing the dynamic response behaviors of the two fuel tanks.     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

突破技术趋同，波音再现竞争优势

 波音公司面临着来自空客公司的巨大挑战,企业战略性创新才是公司成功的关键。为此波音公司的全部战略性研究集中在扩大产品的差异性上,体现在3个方面：电子化（e-Enabled）运营环境、整体复合材料机身部件的制造技术和支持波音787客机的全球协同环境（GCE）。     

临近空间飞行器测控与信息传输系统频段选择

 临近空间飞行器是高性能信息化武器平台,测控（TT&;C）与信息传输系统是其信息保障的核心,而选择合理、可行的频段是展开系统设计的前提和基础。频段选择影响到整个技术方案的制定,是一个需综合考虑、影响深远并具有战略意义的关键问题,从国际电联（ITU）国际标准、高速数传、接收信噪比（SNR）、“三抗”、超视距中继、黑障、雨衰以及设备研制成熟度8个方面全面、细致论证了近空间平台测控系统的频段选择问题,最终得出在视距链路中以Ka频段为宜,在超视距链路中以Ku/Ka双频段为宜的结论。     

基于弯曲激波压缩系统的高超声速进气道反设计研究进展

总结了近十年来弯曲激波压缩研究的主要成果。提出了弯曲激波压缩系统的新概念,即利用特殊设计的楔形弯曲压缩面或空间弯曲压缩面,产生一系列与前缘弱激波相互交汇或叠加的压缩波系,从而使前缘激波弯曲,形成特殊的弯曲激波,它与波后的等熵压缩波来共同完成对气流的压缩。在此基础上,实现了由给定出口气动参数的超声速内流道反设计,实现了由给定压缩面压力分布和给定压缩面马赫数分布要求的型面反设计,实现了由给定激波波面的压缩型面反设计。研究证明,弯曲压缩面-弯曲激波压缩系统具有良好的综合气动性能,为高性能高超声速进气系统的气动设计提供了一种全新的设计方法。     

Experimental Study on Effects of Fuel Injection on Scramjet Combustor Performance

In order to investigate the effects of fuel injection distribution on the scramjet combustor performance, there are conducted three sets of test on a hydrocarbon fueled direct-connect scramjet test facility. The results of Test A, whose fuel injection is carried out with injectors located on the top-wall and the bottom-wall, show that the fuel injection with an appropriate close-front and centralized distribution would be of much help to optimize combustor performances. The results of Test B, whose fuel injection is performed at the optimal injection locations found in Test A, with a given equivalence ratio and different injection proportions for each injector, show that this injection mode is of little benefit to improve combustor performances. The results of Test C with a circumferential fuel injection distribution displaies the possibility of ameliorating combustor performance. By analyzing the effects of injection location parameters on combustor performances on the base of the data of Test C, it is clear that the injector location has strong coupled influences on combus- tor performances. In addition, an inner-force synthesis specific impulse is used to reduce the errors caused by the disturbance of fuel supply and working state of air heater while assessing combustor performances.     

(高)超声速流动试验技术及研究进展

近年来,与高速飞行器相关的(高)超声速流动受到了极大的关注。这类流动所具有的非定常性、强梯度和可压缩性对试验方法和风洞设计技术提出了挑战。超声速纳米示踪平面激光散射(NPLS)技术是由作者所在团队研发的非接触光学测试技术。它能够以较高的空间分辨率来揭示超声速三维流场的一个瞬态剖面的时间解析的流动结构。介绍了NPLS技术以及基于NPLS开发的密度场测量、雷诺应力测量和气动光学波前测量等方法,并回顾了这些技术在超声速边界层、超声速混合层、超声速压缩拐角、激波/边界层相互作用和光学头罩绕流等流动中的应用,清晰地再现了边界层、混合层、激波等典型流场结构及其时空演化特性。另外,为了模拟和研究高空大气条件下边界层自然转捩和超声速混合层的转捩特性,介绍了高超声速静风洞、超-超混合层风洞的设计技术以及层流化喷管的设计方法。     

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.