微波等离子推力器谐振腔的低信号调试

微波等离子推力器（MPT）谐振腔只有在谐振状态下，微波能量才能被高效地用于加热工质产生推力。利用标量网络分析仪，采用微波无源器件回波损耗的测试方法对MPT谐振腔进行了精确地调谐，分析微波能量的吸收效率及谐振频率带宽，研究腔体的尺寸，微波耦合探针位置以及腔内的隔板材料等在同一谐振频率条件下的匹配性。调试结果可为腔体设计与提高系统效率提供参考。     

微波等离子推力器同轴谐振腔内的电磁场特性

为了研究同轴谐振腔内导体的头部形状、位置对腔内电磁场分布的影响规律,用时域有限差分法(FDID)对微波等离子推力器(MPT)TEM谐振模式的同轴谐振腔中的电磁场进行了数值模拟,并结合实验现象对数值模拟的结果进行了分析讨论。结果表明,内导体头部形状的改变,改变了同轴腔内电磁场的分布规律和电场强度最大集中区域的位置。内导体位置的改变,只改变电磁场强度的大小,且内导体愈接近同轴腔的底面(即：放电间隙δ愈小),腔内电场强度愈强。同时,锥形头部的内导体,更有利于MPT的启动和稳定工作,为采用同轴谐振腔的MPT工程样机的研制提供了依据。     

同轴传输线同轴谐振腔微波幅度均衡器温度特性分析

温度特性分析是均衡器设计与工程应用中不可忽视的重要环节,由于温度的变化,会使均衡器各部分材料的物理特性和电特性发生变化,从而使谐振频率发生偏移,如果偏移过大,会严重影响均衡效果,甚至会加剧原始信号的波动.本文通过把微波幅度均衡器的同轴谐振腔,等效为电容负载同轴线空腔谐振器,计算谐振频率与腔长和负载电容的关系.在单腔的情况下,分析了在低温和高温时,材料物理特性的变化引起的谐振频率的偏移情况,并且根据具体实验验证了高温70℃和低温-55℃时谐振频率的变化情况.     

超磁致伸缩致动器轴向谐振频率计算与实验研究

 为提高超磁致伸缩致动器(GMA)的设计效率,建立了GMA动力学模型和ANSYS有限元模型,对其轴向谐振频率进行了计算和模拟,并进行了GMA轴向谐振频率分析实验。通过实验数值和计算值及有限元分析结果的对比,动力学模型计算所得的GMA轴向谐振频率与实验值的误差小于5%, ANSYS分析所得的GMA轴向谐振频率与实验值的误差小于3%,验证了动力学模型和有限元模型的有效性。最后,通过ANSYS有限元分析了GMA各部件对其轴向谐振频率的影响,并提出利用有限元分析来提高GMA的结构刚度从而改善其轴向谐振频率的方法。     

介质谐振腔滤波器的设计

论述了介质谐振腔滤波器的设计与制造;给出了计算谐振频率的经典计算公式和制作实例的照片及响应曲线;介绍了设计谐振腔之间耦合系数的方法和相关曲线,并综述了新的发展动向。     

带有声—光调制器的布里渊环形激光陀螺

本文论述了布里渊环形激光陀螺（ＢＲＬＧ）存在的闭锁效应问题。所研究的陀螺是一种光纤环形谐振腔，两束谐振光波在其间相向传播，谐振波的频率差为检测器提供了一个差拍信号。由差拍信号的频率与陀螺的旋转速率成正比，如果光波在谐振腔中以同一模式传播，就无法检测到小旋转速率，如果它们以不同的谐振模式进行传播，静止时它们将形成一个拍频偏置。如果在陀螺上施加一个旋转速率，拍频就会相应地在此偏置上或加或减。如文中所述     

超声速混合层凹腔隔板的自激振动特性实验研究

为了克服强迫振动诱导混合增强难以工程实现的缺陷,提出隔板自激振动诱导混合增强的新技术,而设计最优自激振动频率的隔板是该技术的难题。采用平板开凹腔的隔板构型,通过实验手段并结合数值仿真,分析了凹腔隔板的自激振动特性。研究表明,凹腔的声学自激振荡引起压力随时间的波动是隔板自激振动的直接原因;隔板的约束条件与凹腔的构型参数长深比、后缘倾角对自激振动特性有重要影响;自激振动频率与限位尺寸呈反相关,当限位尺寸为0时,频率提高了324.63%;与凹腔长深比K=1时相比,K=7的频率降低了19.36%。自激振动频率与后缘倾角呈正相关,后缘倾角为90°时,频率提高了23.15%。改变约束条件可大幅提高自激振动频率,是隔板优化设计的一个重要方向。     

不同环境因素对引压管腔动态特性影响

为了探索引压管腔在动态压力校准和使用中不同环境因素对动态特性的影响,推导了管腔传压模型和谐振频率关系式,确立了影响管腔动态特性的参数,包括静态压力、温度、气体介质等。采用引压管腔专用实验装置进行了不同环境参数状态的实验验证,结果表明:静态压力仅会影响管腔在谐振频率附近的输出,随着静态压力的增大而非线性增大,对动态特性并无明显改变;温度会改变管腔的谐振频率和动态特性,随着温度的升高,谐振频率增大但输出幅值随之减小;气体介质的不同会彻底改变管腔动态特性,主要取决于介质的声速。该研究为引压管腔在使用环境下数据的评价和数据修正上提供了一定参考依据。     

硅基波导谐振腔特性分析与实验研究

给出了硅基二氧化硅波导谐振腔的整体设计结构和谐振腔的传递函数及考虑光源线宽情况下特征参数的数学表达式。仿真分析了耦合器分光比、波导传输损耗、谐振腔腔长、激光器谱宽对谐振腔特性的影响。研究了硅基二氧化硅波导的加工工艺并针对其关键因素——光刻工艺实验验证了其曝光时间与显影对波导芯片的影响。最后对比了实验测试结果与理论仿真谐振曲线,吻合度良好。     

隔板对燃烧室声学特性的影响

为了研究液体火箭发动机燃烧室出现的横向一阶切向燃烧不稳定,通过冷态声学试验和理论算例的计算,研究了不同参数的隔板装置对一阶切向声学频率及阻尼特性的影响,结果表明:增加轴向隔板长度和径向隔板数目均会降低一阶切向声学频率,同时增强声阻尼效果;喷嘴式隔板产生的声阻尼效果,比典型直板形状的隔板要好得多,隔板喷嘴最佳间隙在0.1~0.4mm,采用最佳隔板喷嘴间隙能够在较短的轴向隔板长度上得到较高的阻尼能力,从而改善冷却问题.      

A resonant DC-DC transformer

The characteristics of a push-pull parallel resonant converter (PPRC) when operated as a DC-DC transformer were investigated theoretically and experimentally. In the DC-DC transformer region, the voltage transfer ratio of the PPRC was found to be practically constant and independent of the input voltage and load. In this mode, all the switching elements operate in the zero voltage switching (ZVS) condition. Another important feature of the proposed DC-DC transformer is the ability to drive it by an arbitrary switching frequency, provided that the latter is lower than the self-oscillating frequency. This permits the synchronization of the converter to a master clock. The analytical expressions for voltage and current stresses, as well as the other key parameters derived, are applied to develop design guidelines for the DC-DC transformer. The proposed topology was tested experimentally on a 100-W unit which was run in the 200-kHz frequency region     

Analysis of series-parallel resonant converter

A frequency-domain steady-state analysis is given for a series-parallel resonant converter (SPRC) operating in the continuous conduction mode (CCM) using Fourier series techniques. Equations for performance parameters are derived under steady-state conditions to provide simple design tools. The topology of the SPRC combines the advantageous properties of both the series resonant converter (SRC) and the parallel resonant converter (PRC). The key results of the work are: a novel half-wave rectifier SPRC, conditions for obtaining high part-load efficiency; and several boundary frequencies and limiting conditions such as the capacitive/inductive load boundary and open-circuit and short-circuit cases. Experimental results measured for an 80-W converter above the resonance at different load resistances and input voltages show excellent agreement with the theoretical performance predicted by the equations     

Small signal analysis of the LCC-type parallel resonant converter

In this paper, the small signal analysis of the LCC-type parallel resonant converter (LCC-PRC) operating in the continuous conduction mode is given. This analysis is based on both the state-plane diagram, which has been successfully used to obtain the steady state response for resonant converters, and the Taylor series expansion. Applying perturbation directly to the steady state trajectory, a discrete small signal model for the converter can be derived in terns of the input voltage, switching frequency, and the converter state variables. Based on this analysis, closed-loop form solutions for the input-to-output and control-to-output transfer functions are derived. It is shown that the theoretical and computer simulation results are in full agreement     

Multimodule parallel series-loaded resonant converters

The design and implementation of a multimodule parallel series-loaded resonant (SLR) converter system is presented. The SLR converter to be paralleled is operated in the n=2 discontinuous mode (DCM). Its dc analysis and dynamic modeling are made. In parallel operation, an average control technique is proposed to compensate the mismatch in current control characteristics of each parallel converter. Good dynamic and static current sharing characteristics are obtained. In addition, to obtain good output voltage regulating control performance, a design procedure is presented to find the parameters of feedback voltage controller according to the prescribed specifications     

Harmonic analysis of a parallel-loaded resonant converter

A method for calculating the harmonic components of the currents and voltages in a parallel-loaded resonant converter using frequency-domain techniques is presented. The converter is divided into an inverter section and a rectifier section. A harmonic model is developed for the resonant converter in which the rectifier section is treated as a voltage-dependent current sink. All voltages and currents in this model are represented by a Fourier series. The unknown coefficients in all Fourier series are calculated by using the harmonic model and Kirchhoff's laws. Because of the nonlinear nature of the rectifier section, an iterative technique must be utilized to find the unknown Fourier coefficients     

A multioutput LLC-type parallel resonant converter

When an LLC-type parallel resonant converter (LLC-PRC) operates above resonant frequency, the switching transistors can be turned off at zero voltage. Further study reveals that the LLC-PRC possesses the advantage of lower converter voltage gain as compared with the conventional PRC. Based on the analytic results derived, a complete set of design curves from which a systematic design procedure is developed is obtained. Experimental results from a 150-W, 150-kHz, multioutput LLC-type PRC power supply are presented     

Non-linear resonant excitation of whistler mode waves in the Earth's ionosphere

We examine the resonant non-linear interaction in the Earth's ionosphere of two powerful high frequency radio beams with frequencies f ₁ and f ₂ (both larger than the plasma frequency at F2_max) and wave numbers k ₁ and k ₂ such that a whistler mode wave can be excited with a frequency f ₃ = f ₁ — f ₂ and a wave number k ₃ = k ₁ – k ₂. The feasibility of an effective ground based installation, sited at low latitudes, is discussed and the field strength of the wave emerging from a 10 km wide ionospheric region illuminated by the beams is evaluated for a range of transmitted frequencies, beam orientations and plasma frequencies in the interaction region. It is suggested that the longitude dependence of the enhancement of VLF noise bands detected by the Ariel 3 satellite may be due to a non-linear interaction of this type between any two or more medium wavelength signals from areas where there is a high concentration of commercial broadcasting stations, such as the NE region of the U.S.A.     

LLC parallel resonant converter design by scaling the LC converter

An efficient and practical method for steady-state design of an LLC-type parallel resonant dc/dc converter (LLC-PRC) is presented. In general, the output characteristic curves of LLC-PRC can be obtained by multiplying the output curves of the LC-type parallel resonant converter (LC-PRC) by a ratio of the parallel and series inductances. The peak voltage and current stresses on the resonant elements also depend on the same ratio. The LLC-PRC with a filter inductor is examined for two conduction modes, continuous and discontinuous capacitor voltage conduction modes, to show the effect of the inductance ratio. A means to use the derived equations to obtain the zero current switching (ZCS) is given. Also, a design procedure, along with design examples, is given to illustrate the use of the equations and characteristic curves. An experimental LLC-PRC is built to ensure the validity of the equations and design examples     

全角半球陀螺谐振子结构设计研究

围绕全角半球谐振陀螺的典型使用环境特征,对谐振子结构方案进行了深入研究。仿真分析了“等壁厚”“上薄下厚”“上厚下薄”3种结构方案的振动特性差异,发现在谐振子平均尺寸相同的情况下,“上厚下薄”方案的工作频率最高,相邻模态频率间隔最大,且受冲击影响最小。进一步,定量仿真分析了内球面半径、内圆角半径及内支撑柱直径等结构参数对“上厚下薄”谐振子振动特性以及抗冲击性能的具体影响,为陀螺的设计加工提供了有效参考。     

共振型PDE谐振腔喷嘴匹配关系研究

在数值模拟的基础上分析了两种不同形状的喷嘴:细长孔喷嘴(或称狭缝喷嘴)和环形喷嘴对于射流碰撞和激波形成以及聚焦的影响.在此基础上又以环形喷嘴为例,分析了喷嘴尺寸对于射流碰撞和激波形成聚焦的影响,得出环形喷嘴相对于细长孔喷嘴具有更好的聚焦效果,以及有效利用激波起爆爆震波的喷嘴与谐振腔的几何匹配关系.