异步电机定子绕组匝间短路故障诊断研究

将负序电流作为异步电机定子绕组匝间短路的故障特征量,在提取时易受谐波、噪声等因素的影响,而频谱分析也较为复杂,故障诊断的可靠性和高效性难以兼顾。为可靠高效地诊断异步电机定子绕组匝间短路,在多次派克变换的基础上,提出故障特征量Izpg以反映故障。首先根据故障后的电机磁场推导出故障后定子中存在的电流频次;然后得到非理想工况下,利用多次派克变换提取故障特征量Izpg的表达式;最后建立故障后异步电机的多回路数学模型,对理想工况和非理想工况下定子不同严重程度的匝间短路进行仿真。分析结果表明,Izpg和故障严重程度正相关且对电压源不平衡这类非理想工况呈现鲁棒性,用Izpg诊断异步电机定子匝间短路具有高灵敏性与高可靠性。     

一种感应电机转子断条早期故障诊断方法

针对感应电机转子发生早期断条故障时,定子电流故障特征频率容易被基波频率淹没,导致电机转子断条故障发现不及时的问题,采用多回路方程建立感应电机发生转子断条故障的模型,推导了dq0坐标系下感应电机发生早期断条故障的模型。在该故障模型的基础上,利用参数辨识和滑窗技术得到电机等效参数变化曲线。该方法得到的电机等效参数曲线对转子早期断条故障具有明显的故障特征信号,通过辨识曲线特征可诊断电机转子断条故障,同时给出了转子发生不同程度故障时的差异指标。最后试验验证了该方法的可行性。     

定子匝间短路故障下双馈风力发电机组高压穿越性能研究

为了研究定子绕组匝间短路(SWITSC)故障对双馈风力发电机组高压穿越的影响,基于多回路理论建立了计及定子绕组匝间短路故障的双馈感应发电机(DFIG)仿真模型,并在MATLAB/Simulink下建立了其S-函数。依据短路故障回路特性,分别在SWITSC前后建立了DFIG风电机组的ABC坐标系统和dq0坐标系统下的数学模型,并简要分析了SWITSC故障下的电磁特性。对双馈风电机组的高压穿越能力做出分析,分析了风电场电压升高的原因、高压穿越的标准及双馈风机在电网电压骤升下的暂态过程。重点研究了DFIG在SWITSC故障前后高压穿越的仿真结果。结果表明,定子绕组匝间短路故障会严重降低风电场的高压穿越的能力。     

可模拟绕组内部故障的双馈风力发电半实物实时仿真平台

双馈风力发电机(DFIG)系统控制复杂,离线仿真与传统全实物的故障试验存在一定局限性。在控制功能强大的MATLAB/Simulink环境下构建基于dSPACE1007系统的双馈风力发电系统半实物实时仿真平台,解决可模拟绕组内部故障的实物电机、dSPACE与Simulink软件三方联调时的数据接口与控制问题。试验结果表明,该平台在DFIG定、转子匝间短路故障工况下,通过Control Desk界面可灵活改变控制参数及算法,实现电机绕组内部故障状态下的容错运行,为DFIG故障检测和容错控制研究提供硬件平台。     

基于深度学习的航空发动机不平衡故障部位识别

针对基于机匣测点的航空发动机不平衡故障部位识别问题,提出了基于深度卷积神经网络的航空发动机不平衡故障部位诊断方法。针对某典型双转子航空发动机,建立整机耦合动力学模型,并利用数值积分算法实现不平衡故障数值仿真;在从发动机压气机端到涡轮端的高、低压转子上选择4个不平衡故障部位作为诊断对象,通过仿真分析得到发动机典型转速下的转子不同部位不平衡故障的仿真样本;计算4个机匣测点信号的规范化频谱,通过对大量仿真数据的处理得到反映不同不平衡故障部位的故障样本集;利用仿真得到的大量不平衡故障样本,训练深度卷积神经网络,利用深度卷积神经网络的优良特征学习能力实现航空发动机不平衡故障的不同部位进行识别,数值试验结果表明该方法对航空发动机不平衡故障部位的识别准确率达到95%。     

不对称电网故障下双馈风力发电机的比例-积分-谐振滑模控制器设计

针对不对称电网故障下,双馈风力发电机的控制策略进行了研究。讨论了电网故障时转子侧变流器(RSC)和网侧变流器(GSC)的控制目标,合理安排了电网严重故障时的控制优先级。基于比例-积分-谐振滑模控制原理设计了机侧和网侧变流器协同控制方案。通过MATLAB/Simulink仿真软件搭建了所设计控制方案的仿真模型。仿真结果表明,在电网正常运行的情况下,与传统的矢量控制策略相比,比例-积分-谐振滑模控制策略对输出功率、电流变化的响应更迅速,具有更好的动态性能和抗扰动能力;在电网不对称故障下,能够有效地抑制电磁转矩振荡和直流母线电压波动,提高了双馈式风力发电机的低电压穿越能力。     

基于整机的中介轴承外圈剥落故障振动分析

针对某典型双转子航空发动机中介轴承外圈疲劳剥落故障诊断问题,基于整机振动耦合动力学模型,导入中介轴承外圈早期剥落故障模型,通过数值积分方法获取故障激励下的整机振动响应。提取并分析了中介轴承外圈剥落故障特征,从信号分析中发现:①出现了4倍外圈故障特征频率及其两侧以外圈旋转频率为间隔的调制边频带;②随着不平衡量增加,特征频率分量基本不变,边频带变得更加突出;③随着轴承游隙的增加,外圈故障引起的冲击更为强烈,特征频率及其调制边频均显著增加。通过比较从轴承座到机匣各测点信号的故障特征,结果表明中介轴承早期疲劳剥落产生的冲击通过轴承座传递到机匣将产生很大程度的衰减,在机匣测点信号中轴承故障特征基本消失。     

Z-源稀疏矩阵变换器励磁的双馈风力发电系统

针对矩阵变换器电压传输比低和其励磁的双馈风力发电系统(DFIG)易受非正常输入波动影响的不足,提出了一种适用于DFIG励磁的Z-源稀疏矩阵变换器系统。利用Z-源的升压特性来提高电压传输比,检测电容电压实现对直通因子的自动调节,从而实现对网侧波动的自动抑制。建立了系统数学模型,推导了DFIG系统定子磁场定向矢量控制策略表达式,搭建试验样机对所提方案进行试验验证,在亚同步、同步、超同步三种发电状态下的波形和并网试验结果验证了方案的可行和有效性。     

某型航空发动机转子不平衡故障的仿真分析

航空发动机故障种类繁多,转子不平衡故障是典型的振动故障之一,对航空发动机转子进行不平衡故障的仿真分析可以为航空发动机的维修工作提供参考依据。本文针对某型航空发动机转子建立简化模型,运用有限元法进行不平衡故障的仿真分析。研究表明,低压转子或者高压转子上存在不平衡故障时,高压涡轮盘振幅最大,其次为低压涡轮四级轮盘;高压转子和低压转子同时存在不平衡故障时,转子系统各部件振幅显著增大。     

基于瞬时频率分析的笼型电机转子断条故障诊断

电机电流信号特征分析方法诊断笼型电机转子断条故障时,诊断效果受制于电机运行状态的影响,甚至会发生误诊断。针对这一问题,提出基于瞬时频率分析的笼型电机转子断条故障诊断方法。首先对起动电流进行FIR低通滤波,以提取包含转子断条故障特征的单分量谐波信号,然后采用相位微分方法计算该信号的瞬时频率,并根据fs平面上的瞬时频率-滑差曲线判断故障发生与否。在3 kW电机试验平台上对所提出的方法进行验证,试验结果表明了所提方法的有效性。     

The effect of inlet conditions on the flow and heat transfer in multiple rotating cavity with axial throughflow

This paper discusses experimental results from two different build configurations of a heated multiple rotating cavity test rig.Measurements of heat transfer from the discs and tangential velocities are presented.The test rig is a 70% full scale version of a high pressure compressor stack of an axial gas turbine engine.Of particular interest are the internal cylindrical cavities formed by adjacent discs and the interaction of these with a central axial throughflow of cooling air.Tests were carried out for a range of non-dimensional parameters representative of high pressure compressor internal air system flows(Re up to 5×106 and Rez up to 2×105).Two different builds have been tested.The most significant difference between these two build configurations is the size of the annular gap between the(non-rotating) drive shaft and the bores of the discs.The heat transfer data were obtained from thermocouple measurements of surface temperature and a conduction solution method.The velocity measurements were made using a two component,LDA system.The heat transfer results from the discs show differences between the two builds.This is attributed to the wider annular gap allowing more of the throughflow to penetrate into the cavity.There are also significant differences between the radial distributions of tangential velocity in the two builds of the test rig.For the narrow annular gap,there is an increase of non-dimensional tangential velocity V/Ωr with radial location to solid body rotation V/Ωr=1.For the wider annular gap,the non-dimensional velocities show a decrease with radial location to solid body rotation.      

Research on Auto-detection for Remainder Particles of Aerospace Relay Based on Wavelet Analysis

Aerospace relay is one kind of electronic components which is used widely in national defense system and aerospace system. The existence of remainder particles induces the reliability declining, which has become a severe problem in the development of aerospace relay. Traditional particle impact noise detection (PIND) method for remainder detection is ineffective for small particles, due to its low precision and involvement of subjective factors. An auto-detection method for PIND output signals is proposed in this paper, which is based on direct wavelet de-noising (DWD), cross-correlation analysis (CCA) and homo-filtering (HF), the method enhances the affectiv-ity of PIND test about the small particles. In the end, some practical PIND output signals are analysed, and the validity of this new method is proved.     

Preparation of Highly Dispersed Antimony-doped Tin Oxide Nano-powder via Ion-exchange Hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 and Azeotropic Drying

Antimony-doped tin hydroxide colloid precipitates have been synthesized by hydrolysis of SnCl4 and SbCl3 using: (1) an ion-exchange hydrolysis to remove chlorine ions, and (2) isoamyl acetate as an azeotropic solvent to obviate water. The obtained dried powder is of high dispersivity without any need for further grinding. The size and dispersivity of the final particles are investigated with the aid of TG-DTA, BET, XRD and TEM. After having calcined, the antimony-doped tin oxide nanopowder possesses a tetragonal rutile structure with high dispersivity, uniform particles and low hard agglomeration.     

Effects of Mo on the Microstructure and Hydrogen Sorption Properties of Ti-Mo Getters

The effects of Mo on the microstructure evolution, porosity and hydrogen sorption properties of Ti-Mo getters are investigated in this work. The results show that the addition of Mo prolongs the densification process of Ti-Mo getters and results in a significant amount of sintered pores. With the Mo content increasing, the porosity of getters firstly increases reaching the maximum value as it at- tains about 7.5wt.%, and then drops. At the room temperature, the hydrogen sorption property of getters increases progressively with the Mo content increasing, but the tendency is not very clear before its content lies below 2.5wt.%. When the Mo content achieves about 7.5wt.%, the hydrogen sorption property proves to be the best. The discussion is made about the above mentioned phenomena inclusive of hydrogen sorption properties of getters under different activation conditions (from 500-750 ℃).     

超声速燃烧数值模拟中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型

高精度数值模拟有助于理解超声速湍流燃烧中湍流与化学反应的相互作用,可为发动机燃烧室等工程应用设计提供可靠的预测模型。除直接数值模拟外,目前在湍流燃烧应用中使用的大涡模拟和雷诺平均Navier-Stokes模拟均需要借助模型模化发生在湍流小尺度上的流动与化学反应过程对湍流大尺度运动的影响。现有的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型大致可分为:火焰面类模型和概率密度函数类模型,2类模型在不同的应用中各自具有优势和局限性。此外,现有模型大都基于低马赫数燃烧,而超声速燃烧中通常会伴随快速混合、局部熄火和再着火以及激波等复杂过程,这为发展其中的湍流与化学反应相互作用模型提出了更多的挑战。     

适于低轨卫星IP网络的单核共享树组播算法(英文)

为了解决低轨卫星IP网络中现有典型源组播算法的信道资源浪费问题,本文提出了一套单核共享树组播算法,即核心群合并共享树(CCST)和加权核心群合并共享树(w-CCST)算法。CCST 算法包括动态近似中心(DAC)选核方法和核心群合并组播路径构建方法。DAC方法专为周期、规律运动的低轨卫星网络提出,不需要复杂的星上计算。在核心群合并方法中,以核节点作为初始核心群,通过核心群和剩余组成员的最短路径方法逐步扩展直至整棵组播树构建完成,从而使得组播树的树代价最小,大大提高了网络的带宽利用率和组播传输效率。w-CCST 算法中所提出的加权因子可以调整树代价和端到端传播时延之间的折衷程度,因此,可以通过调整加权因子来适度增大树代价、降低端到端传播时延以支持某些端到端时延要求苛刻的实时组播业务。最后,与低轨卫星 IP 网络中典型算法进行了性能比较,仿真结果说明,CCST 算法的平均树代价比其它算法显著降低,w-CCST 算法的平均端到端传播时延小于 CCST 算法。     

Jet Vectoring Control Using a Novel Synthetic Jet Actuator

A primary air jet vectoring control system with a novel synthetic jet actuator (SJA) is presented and simulated numerically. The results show that, in comparison with an existing traditional synthetic jet actuator, which is able to perform the duty of either “push” or “pull”, one novel synthetic jet actuator can fulfill both “push” and “pull” functions to vector the primary jet by shifting a slide block inside it. Therefore, because the new actuator possesses greater efficiency, it has potentiality to replace the existing one in various appli- cations, such as thrust vectoring and the reduction of thermal signature. Moreover, as the novel actuator can fulfill those functions that the existing one can not, it may well be expected to popularize it into more flow control systems.     

Nonlinear Adaptive Slewing Motion Control of Spacecraft Truss Driven by Synchronous V-gimbaled CMG Precession

The slewing motion control of a truss arm driven by a V-gimbaled control-moment-gyro (CMG) is a nonlinear control problem. The V-gimbaled CMG consists of a pair of gyros that must precess synchronously. The moment of inertia of the system, the angular momentum of the gyros and the external disturbances are not exactly known. With the help of feedback linearization and recursive Lyapunov design method, an adaptive nonlinear controller is designed to deal with the unknown items. Performance of the proposed controller is verified by simulation.     

An SOR Implicit Time-accurate Scheme in Calculating Unsteady Flows

A new time-accurate marching scheme for unsteady flow calculations is proposed in the present work. This method is the combination of classical Successive Over-Relaxation (SOR) iteration method and Jacobian matrix diagonally dominant splitting method of LUSGS. One advantage of this algorithm is the second-order accuracy because of no factorization error. Another advantage is the low computational cost because the Jacobian matrices and fluxes are only calculated once in each physical time step. And, the SOR algorithm has better convergence property than Gauss-Seidel. To investigate its accuracy and convergency, several unsteady flow computa- tional tests are carried out by using the proposed SOR algorithm. Roe’s FDS scheme is used to discritize the inviscid flux terms. Un- steady computational results of SOR are compared with the experiment results and those of Gauss-Seidel. Results reveal that the numerical results agree well with the experimental data and the second-order accuracy can be obtained as the Gauss-Seidel for unsteady flow computations. The impact of SOR factor is investigated for unsteady computations by using different SOR factors in this algorithm to simulate each computational test. Different numbers of inner iterations are needed to converge to the same criterion for different SOR factors and optimal choice of SOR factor can improve the computational efficiency greatly.