并联H桥DC/DC变换器软开关技术研究

与传统的Buck电路相比,基于H桥并联的DC/DC变换器可以实现电压的双极性输出和故障时的冗余控制,非常适合用于大功率电动机正反转控制的场合。分析了并联H桥型DC/DC变换器的结构组成和双脉宽调制(PWM)模式。为了降低双脉宽调制下H桥型DC/DC变换器的开通和关断损耗,对无源软开关技术进行了分析,重点探讨了RCD缓冲电路和最小应力缓冲电路之间的性能差异,指出最小应力软开关技术可以获得更好的软开关性能,并就将其用于双脉宽调制下的并联H桥DC/DC变换器进行了仿真研究。仿真结果表明:最小应力软开关技术用于双脉宽调制下并联H桥DC/DC变换器时,可以实现开关管的零电压开通和零电流关断。     

三相电压型PWM整流器的模糊PI控制方法

在双闭环控制的基础上,分析了整流器的模糊PI控制,建立了三相PWM整流器MATLAB/SIMULINK仿真模型。结果表明,该方法能够实现PWM整流器的高功率因数并且有良好的动态性能,从而验证了所提出方法的可行性和有效性。     

小型航空活塞发动机点火系统优化设计

针对微型无人机用小功率航空活塞发动机电容放电点火系统快速高效充电进行了优化设计与试验研究.分析了传统充电升压变换采用恒频脉宽调制PWM(pulse width modulation)方式的缺点,提出了一种开关频率可变、输出电压检测无需电阻分压实现的充电方式,推导给出了关断时间和充电时间的计算公式,设计实现了该充电电路并进行了试验.结果表明:该充电方式充电时间短,效率高;充电时间估算方法准确可靠,误差小,计算量少.      

基于改进非零矢量脉宽调制的三相逆变器共模电压抑制方法

三相逆变器的电机驱动系统会产生较大的共模电压,其对电机的危害巨大,传统脉宽调制(PWM)共模电压抑制方法忽略了死区的影响。为使得永磁同步电机三相PWM逆变器输出的共模电压得到有效抑制,在分析传统共模电压抑制方法的基础上,提出了一种基于改进非零矢量调制方法。该方法能较好地消除加入死区时间后逆变器输出的共模电压尖峰。利用仿真软件验证了所提方法的有效性。     

电容均压三相四开关变换器预测功率控制

三相四开关变换器直流侧分离电容电压不平衡,将降低其并网电能质量,缩短电解电容寿命。针对该问题,提出了一种直流侧分离电容电压均衡的模型预测功率控制策略。基于αβ两相静止坐标系分析电压矢量,建立功率预测模型。由于直流侧电容中点电压偏差值含有交流分量和直流分量,使用低通滤波器提取直流分量后计算功率补偿值,并计入给定功率,进行模型预测功率控制,实现直流侧分离电容电压均衡。该控制策略无需锁相环和PWM调制,易于实现。通过仿真和试验对其动、静态特性进行分析,验证了所提出控制策略的有效性和可行性。     

一种新型电解电源设计及其实验研究

从电解电源的高频高效化、绿色化、数字化及智能化的发展方向出发,利用电流增强原理,设计了一种开关管带并联辅助网络的零电压全桥软开关电路拓扑,具有节能增效、可靠性高的优点.采用TMS320LF 2407A为核心控制芯片.得到了全桥移相PWM输出波形,并设计了反馈信号调理电路与后端驱动电路,电路形式简单紧凑,实现了软开关电解电源的全数字化控制.     

基于SVPWM的高功率因数整流器研究

介绍了三相电压型PWM整流器的数学模型和空间矢量PWM(SVPWM)控制技术,并根据设计要求完成了主电路中相关参数的设计。实验发现,采用SVPWM电流控制技术能够使网侧电压与电流同相位,表明电压型PWM整流器实现了高功率因数整流。     

三相高频斩波式AC/AC变换器控制电路的分析与设计

分析与设计基于一种实用的三相高频斩波式AC／AC变换器的研制,以高频脉宽调制(PWM)技术取代了传统的基频电压补偿技术,不仅减小了体积和重量,且提高了效率和响应速度。主要对控制电路进行了分析与设计,其中包括输出采样电路、闭环反馈电路以及驱动电路;并对控制电路的稳定性进行了分析,给出了系统框图、传递函数以及波特图。在分析与设计中,通过稳定RMS值实现输出电压的稳定;采用有源滤波技术,减小了控制电路中的高次谐波干扰;利用齐纳二极管正温度特性,减小了系统的温度漂移,较好地补偿了采样电路中整流二极管的负温度特性;采用可编程调节死区的驱动电路,完全满足三相斩波式AC／AC变换器四路驱动信号的电器隔离和时序要求。     

单相PWM整流电路控制方法及仿真分析

分析单相PWM整流电路的结构、工作原理和控制方法,通过选择适当的工作模式和工作时序,可使PWM整流电路输出直流电压稳定。将正弦脉宽调制技术应用于PWM整流电路,使其交流侧输入电流非常接近正弦波,且与输入电压同相位。同时调节交流侧电流的大小和相位,使能量在交流侧和直流侧双向流动。在建立基于Simu-link7.6的仿真模型基础上,通过分析PWM整流电路各处电压、电流波形,验证其控制方法及仿真设计的正确性。     

浅谈如何选用变频器

变频器是利用电力半导体器件的通断作用将工频电源变换为另一频率的电能控制装置。我们现在使用的变频器主要采用交一直一交方式（VVVF变频或矢量控制变频）,先把工频交流电源通过整流器转换成直流电源,然后再把直流电源转换成频率、电压均可控制的交流电源以供给电动机。变频器的电路一般由整流、中间直流环节、逆变和控制4个部分组成。整流部分为三相桥式不可控整流器,逆变部分为IGBT三相桥式逆变器,且输出为PWM波形,中间直流环节为滤波、直流储能和缓冲无功功率。     

一种新型交流恒功率负载仿真模型

根据闭环控制的高功率因数(HPF)脉冲宽度调制(PWM)整流器的恒功率工作特性,对交流(AC)恒功率负载(CPL)仿真模型进行了研究。采用输入电流波形跟随电压波形的方法,利用MATLAB建立了交流恒功率负载的仿真模型。在模型两端加载的电压不含谐波和含有谐波的两种情况下,模型均可以自动计算出输入电流有效值(RMS),使得模型输入平均功率保持恒定,并能生成电流波形,反映出电压谐波对电流波形的影响。模型仿真结果与实际高功率因数PWM整流器的输入波形进行了比较,验证了该模型的正确性。     

Implementation of nondeterministic pulsewidth modulation forinverter drives

A single-phase power factor preregulator to improve the power quality in the input side of an ac/dc/ac converter and a random pulsewidth modulation (PWM) to reduce the emitted noise energy and the mechanical vibration for an induction motor drive is proposed. The hysteresis current control (HCC) technique for a voltage source switching mode rectifier (SMR) is adopted. A control scheme is presented such that the line current is driven to follow the reference current which is derived from the dc bus voltage regulator and the output power estimator. A random pulse position technique for a three-phase voltage source inverter system to reduce the noise energy and resonant vibration from ac machine drive is described. By randomly varying the instantaneous pulse position in each switching frequency, the frequency distribution of harmonics is spread in a wide frequency range which results in reduction of torque pulsations in the ac motor drive systems. To investigate the proposed control scheme, experimental tests based on a laboratory prototype were implemented to show the nearly unity power factor at the SMR and reduce the noise energy concentrated at the specific tones     

航空机电作动器的混合整流全状态反馈控制

研究了一种适用于多电飞机供电系统的新型混合整流电路,并针对航空机电作动器负载特殊的用电特性,提出了一种基于全状态反馈的混合整流控制方法,在保证整流效果的同时,解决了负载功率短时大范围变化引起的直流电压不稳定问题。这种新型混合整流电路将二极管整流电路和脉宽调制(PWM)整流电路并联输出接负载,两者共同承担有功功率且比例可控,通过适当控制PWM电路达到网侧低谐波的目的,且当负载制动时,能量可以回馈交流侧电网。建立了混合整流器的线性化全状态数学模型,设计了基于线性二次型(LQR)最优化理论的全状态反馈控制策略。通过在MATLAB/Simulink下的建模与仿真,比较了全状态反馈控制方法与传统三状态反馈控制方法,并在机电作动器样机上进行了实验验证。仿真和实验结果表明,采用全状态反馈控制的新型混合整流方案对于功率大范围变化负载具有更好的控制性能。     

Single-stage ZVS PWM full-bridge converter

A new soft-switched ac-dc single-stage pulse width modulation (PWM) full-bridge converter is proposed. The converter operates with zero-voltage switching (ZVS), fixed switching frequency, and with a continuous input current that is sinusoidal and in phase with the input voltage. This is in contrast with other ac-dc single-stage PWM full-bridge converters that are either resonant converters operating with variable switching frequency control and high conduction losses, converters whose switches cannot operate with ZVS, or converters that cannot perform power factor correction (PFC) unless the input current is discontinuous. All converter switches operate with soft-switching due to a simple auxiliary circuit that is used for only a small fraction of the switching cycle. The operation of the converter is explained and analyzed, guidelines for the design of the converter are given, and its feasibility is shown with results obtained from an experimental prototype.     

A novel resonant converter topology for DC-to-DC power supply

A class-E DC-to-DC converter with half-wave controlled current rectifier is proposed. Its output voltage is controlled by the conduction angle of the rectifier switch at constant switching frequency. Zero voltage switching for all the switches can be maintained from full load to no load. Its steady state characteristics are analyzed and the effects of the circuit parameters are studied. Some extensions of the proposed converter are also discussed. The analysis is verified by PSPICE simulation and an experimental prototype     

集成低频脉冲功率解耦端口的机载电源系统

为了消除高峰均功率比低频脉冲负载对有限容量机载交流供电系统的周期性冲击等不利影响,对开关器件进行集成和复用,提出了能够同时提供功率解耦端口和直流输出端口的三端口功率解耦整流器。通过将三端口整流器与DC/DC变换器组合,构造出集成低频脉冲功率解耦端口的机载电源系统,实现了直流侧周期性脉动功率和交流源侧功率的解耦,并保证低频脉冲负载正常供电需求。详细分析了三端口整流器的工作原理,提出了与之相适应的功率控制方法和调制策略,基于开关器件分时复用原理,实现了交流端口到两个直流端口的功率传输和分配,并实现了两个直流端口功率切换过程的平滑过渡。实验结果验证了所提三端口脉冲功率解耦整流器的有效性和可行性。     

High power factor AC/DC/AC converter with random PWM

A three-phase AC/DC/AC converter is presented with a power factor preregulator to improve the power quality in the input side and a pseudorandom noise generator to reduce the emitted acoustic noise and the mechanical vibration for an induction motor drive. The space vector modulation with hysteresis current control for a voltage source rectifier is adopted to simplify the hardware circuit. A control scheme is presented to drive the supply current following the reference current. The amplitude of reference current for the pulsewidth modulation (PWM) rectifier is derived from the DC bus voltage regulator and the estimated output power. Random switching frequency technique for a three-phase PWM inverter system to reduce the annoying tonal noise and resonant vibration from an induction motor is described. By randomly varying the instantaneous PWM switching frequency from one cycle to the next, the frequency distribution of harmonics is spread in a wide frequency range. The major advantage for using such a strategy is the nonrepetitive output spectral characteristic that results in reduction of torque pulsations in motor drive systems. The nearly unity power factor at the three-phase rectifier and the absence of acoustic noise concentrated at the specific tones which is usually present with conventional sinusoidal modulation are verified by the experimental tests     

Design optimization for asymmetrical ZVS-PWM zeta converter

In this paper, a new soft-switching Zeta converter with an asymmetrical pulsewidth modulation (PWM) control is proposed. The proposed Zeta converter has the features of constant frequency operation, zero voltage switching (ZVS), and low voltage stress on the active switches. Moreover, it can achieve high power density, high efficiency, low switching loss, and low component count, which make converter operation at low to medium power level feasible. Operational principle of the Zeta converter is presented in detail, and a specific example is designed and implemented to verify its feasibility.