用口诀,巧算重积分

在重积分的计算中,一般解题步骤是:先画出积分区域图,由区域的边界方程来确定积分变量的上、下限,将重积分化为累次积分。以二重积分例:在直角坐标系下,若区域D为a≤x≤b,V_1(x)≤y≤甲_2(x) 如图一所示,则采用公式一,     

用边界元法计算变截面变轴力柱的屈曲

 1.变截面变轴力柱屈曲计算的边界元法 变截面变轴力柱的挠曲方程的一般形式为式中 d²/dx²[EI(x)dw/dx²]+p(x)d²x/dx²=0,E——弹性模量;W——挠度;I（x）——截面处的横截面惯性矩;P（x）——x截面处的轴向压力;x——轴向坐标。 （1）式是非线性常微分方程,本文采用微分方程分解法,将（1）式分解成两个二阶变系数常微分方程。     

丝网成形切边模

空气过滤网是一种金属丝网零件(见图1),材料为丝网 N6(0071)/(0055)A。金属丝网成形1),材料为丝网 N6(0071)/(0055)A。金属丝网成形在冲压成形工艺中很少见。     

一类高阶有理差分动力系统

讨论了高阶有理差分方程xn 1=(αxn-k 1)/(-1 xnxn-1…xn-k 1),for n=0,1,…,其中α<0,k∈{1,2,…},x-k 1,…,x0都是实数,并且使得x-k 1…x0≠1。给出了这类方程解的明确表达式,并对其解的稳定性和收敛性也做了进一步讨论。     

ADAPTIVE MULTIPLE MODEL FILTER USING IMM AND STF

Consider a discrete- time stochastic hybridsystem　 x( k 1 ) =f( k, ( k) ,x( k) ,m( k 1 ) ) ζ( k,m( k 1 ) ) q( k) ( 1 )　 z( k 1 ) =h( k 1 ,x( k 1 ) ,m( k 1 ) ) v( k 1 ,m( k 1 ) ) ( 2 )where state x∈ Rn;measurement z∈ Rm;input∈ Rp;modeling noise q( k)∈ Rqis a zero- mean,Gaussian white noise with covariance Q( k) ;measurement noise v( k 1 )∈ Rm is also a zero-mean,Gaussian white noise with covariance R( k 1 ) ;q( k) and v( k) are statistically indepen-dent. Th…     

基于SPSS对部件故障率的预测

提出一种优化的航材需求预测方法,利用汽车维修的数据,根据已知数据、数据分布和问题的不同,分别建立了fh1(x)=ah1+bh1x,fh2(x)=ah2x1/2+bh2,gx(x)=1/a2+bkx这3种模型(其中a,b为参数).对于fh1(x)采用线性回归,fh2(x),gk(x)采用非线性回归进行拟合;当数据拟合曲线误差较大时,采用精度加权值的方法来进行拟合,模型为h(x,y)=rhfh(x)+(1-rh)gk(y),其中rh=R2h/(R2h+R2k),且对所有参数进行了F检验.     

Al-7Si-0.6Mg铸造合金组织及性能定量关系研究

本文应用图象分析方法对A1-7Si-0.6Mg铸造合金的显微组织参数(铝枝晶胞参数和共晶硅粒子特征参数)进行了定量的测定和分析,并对显微组织参数与合金拉伸性能之间的定量关系进行了研究。研究表明:硅粒子长度服从Weibull分布,硅粒子圆度的倒数服从概率密度为:P(x)=m·n(1-x)~(n-1)e~(-m)(1-x)~n 0≤x≤1的分布。应用回归分析方法建立组织参数与拉伸性能的定量关系式为: UTS=374.48-0.833DAS UTS=373.38-104.92/N~(0.5) Q_A=6.127N~(0.5)-18.955DF+381.023(1/R) Elong=exp(Q_A-13/210)     

低压下V形火焰稳定器回流区流动特性研究

 符号表 x、y、z:坐标方向、大小（mm） y₀:零速度线纵向坐标 W:稳定器槽宽（mm） λ:微尺度（mm） P:压强（MPa） ρ:密度（kg/m³） V₀:来流速度（m/s） Re:雷诺数 :x向平均速度（m/s） u、v:x、y向脉动速度（m/s）uv、u²:速度相关量(m²/s²)m:回流量(单位横向宽度)(kg/s)ψ：流函数,钝体后回流区和主流强烈的紊流交换对燃烧室的火焰稳定性和燃烧效率起着有利的作用。     

计算Cauchy和Mangler积分主值的新方法

对于Cauchy积分主值曾提出过一些数值积分法,主要是抽去奇异性方法和内插型或Gauss型方法。对于前者,要求积分核在积分区间上有连续的一阶导数;对于后者,实际上只能求出节点(某类函数零点)处的积分主值,且当积分核不是多项式时     

一类具有分布时滞和离散时滞中立型积分微分方程周期解

考虑了具有分布和离散时滞的方程tt dd t x(t)(-)B(t,s)x(s)ds =C(t,s)x(s)ds +i=l(t,x(t -(t)))+b(t) ∫-∞ A(t,x(t))x(t)+ ∫-∞ ∑giτi周期解的存在性问题。文章通过利用线性系统的指数二分性和 Krasnoselskii不动点定理得到了1上述方程周期解存在唯一的充分条件,结论推广和改进了已有文献的结果,并通过一个例子说明该结果的优越性。     

Optimum Transponder Design for Pseudonoise-Coded Ranging Systems, Weak Signals

Optimization of the bandwidth of a turnaround transponder is carried out for weak signals at the transponder receiver. Optimum transponder bandwidth is found to be around 0.77-1, where T is the period of one element of the ranging code. Linear transponders are compared with transponders having baseband limiting. Phase modulation is assumed. It is shown that, for weak signals, linear transponders are preferable for a partitioning of the transponder transmitted power giving (carrier power)/(total power) > 0.43, while baseband limiters are preferred for (carrier power)/(total power) < 0.43.     

Probability Density of the Click Duration in an Ideal FM Discriminator

The expression of the probability density function PClick(T) of the duration r of the clicks is determined as a function of 1) the expected number of clicks per second, Felick 2) the expected number of times per second that the noise component x(t) in phase with the carrier has instantaneous amplitude larger than that of the carrier itself 3) the probability density function peross(T) of the duration of the time intervals in which x(t) < -A 4) the probability that the values of the noise component in quadrature with the carrier will be of opposite sign at the extremes of time intervals of duration v. Using for Pcross(T) an approximate formula that holds fairly well in the range of the values of the signal-to-noise power ratio ? usually encountered, PIick(T) has been calculated for several values of a and for two shapes of the noise spectrum, Gaussian and rectangular. Finally, an expression is given for the mean value of T.     

On the fundamental acoustic mode in variable area,low Mach number nozzles

We consider the propagation of sound in nozzles of substantially varying cross-section, taking into account reflections from the tapering walls and non-uniform convection by the axially accelerated or decelerated mean flow. Exact solutions of the acoustic equations are obtained for the simplest case of the fundamental longitudinal mode in quasi-one-dimensional, low Mach number nozzle flow. The effects of non-uniform mean flow on sound are demonstrated by comparing horns with nozzles, and 15 properties (stated in italics and labelled P1, P2 ... P15 in the text) are proved and discussed, viz. concerning (1) relations between acoustic pressure and velocity; (2) equipartition or biasing of kinetic and compression energies; (3) conservation or evolution of wave action; (4) existence of elementary or special solutions and (5) cut-off frequencies, and amplitude and phase laws. We conclude with a simple formula for the approximate calculation of the acoustic fields; the formula can be made more accurate by using a correction factor for amplitude and phase, which is plotted against area ratio for propagation upstream or downstream in diffusers and convergent nozzles.     

SiC_P/Al-Cu复合材料动态再结晶行为及临界条件

利用Gleeble-1500D热模拟试验机对40%SiC_P/Al-Cu复合材料进行压缩实验,研究其在温度为350~500℃、应变速率为0.01~10 s~(-1)条件下的高温塑性变形行为。由实验得出变形过程中的应力-应变曲线,采用加工硬化率处理方法对应力-应变数据进行处理,结合lnθ-ε曲线的拐点和(-α(lnθ)/αε)-ε曲线最小值的判据,研究该复合材料动态再结晶临界条件。结果表明:40%SiC_P/Al-Cu复合材料的应力-应变曲线主要以动态再结晶软化机制为特征,峰值应力(σ_p)随变形温度的降低或应变速率的升高而增加;该材料的lnθ-ε曲线出现拐点,(-α(lnθ)/αε)-ε曲线出现最小值;临界应变(ε_c)随变形温度的升高与应变速率的降低而减小,且临界应变与峰值应变(εp)之间具有相关性,即ε_c=0.528εp;临界应变与Zener-Hollomon参数(Z)之间的函数关系为ε_c=4.58×10~(-3)Z~(0.09)。透射电镜观察显示应变为0.06时(变形温度为400℃,应变速率为10 s~(-1))已经发生动态再结晶,应变为0.2时,动态再结晶晶粒充分长大。     

Degradation of Signal-to-Noise Ratio Due to IF Filtering

A receiver for biphase modulated signals using an integrate-and-dump filter is optimum only if the IF filter bandwidth is infinite. Finite IF filter bandwidth results is a performance degradation. Using the predetection signal-to-noise ratio as the performance criterion, a lower bound on this quantity is determined as a function of the ratio (IF filter bandwidth)/(bit rate). The corresponding upper bound on the error probability is also presented.     

Alpha-Beta Filter with Correlated Measurement Noise

For many tracking applications, the measurement errors onsuccessive observations are correlated. Using a first-order Markov model for the correlation, we present analytical expressions for the time-varying covariance and gains of an alpha-beta tracking filter.To a good approximation, the effect of correlation is to increase the time interval between measurements by a factor (1+a)/(1-a),where a is the coefficient of correlation between successive measurements.     

两个疲劳分散系数计算公式之间的关系的研究

常见的计算疲劳分散系数的公式有:(1)Antilog和(2)Antilog。国内外有的文献认为公式(1)的缺点是未说明以何种置信度确定母体均值,主张在应用公式(1)之前先对母体均值进行区间估计。本文提出了安全疲劳寿命(或极限)直线的概念,指出两个公式实际上是该直线的两种不同表示形式,并导出了它们之间的等效变换关系,从而说明公式(1)也象(2)一样包含有母体均值置信度的信息。     

On Signal and Noise Level Estimation in a Coherent PCM Channel

Joint maximum likelihood estimators are presented for the signal amplitude and noise power density in a coherent PCM channel with white Gaussian noise and a correlation receiver. The estimates are based upon the correlation coefficient outputs of the receiver. From these estimators, an estimator for the quantity (received signal energy)/bit/,(noise power)/(unit bandwidth) upon which the error probabilities depend, is derived. This estimator is shown to be useful as 1) a point estimator for the signal-to-noise ratio for the higher values of this ratio (about 4 dB or greater), and 2) an easily calculated statistic upon which to base data acceptance or rejection criteria. The acceptance or rejection levels are obtained by the use of confidence interval curves in conjunction with word error probability data.     

单侧容限对应实际存活率的预测

 研究了单侧容限系数法中子样容量ｎ、置信度γ及名义存活率Ｐ与实际存活率α之间的定量关系,导出了α的预测公式。计算结果表明：在ｎ较小,γ与Ｐ搭配不当时,将出现α小于Ｐ的不合理情况。此时,名义存活率Ｐ将过高地表示了安全性,从而使人盲目乐观。本文指出：在飞机或直升机结构可靠性分析中,子样容量ｎ通常远小于４３,因此,某些文献中建议取γ＝９０％,Ｐ＝０．９９９９９９是不合理的,本文提出了新的建议。     

用逐步扩阶双递推时域法识别线性振动系统复模态参数

本文给出了从线性振动系统的自由响应识别该系统复模态参数的方法,把自由响应的表达式变为一个自回归方程和一个多项式方程,利用最小二乘递推与逐步扩阶递推的双递推法来进行参数识别。文中讨论了几个应用中的问题,并给出了计算机的模拟计算结果以及越野汽车车架的参数识别试验结果。