A particle event at 5 AU and 20° southern latitude from measurements with the EPAC instrument on Ulysses

In November 1992, the Ulysses spacecraft observed a multiple solar particle event and a CME event at 5.2 AU and a heliographic latitude of 20° S which were superimposed to the recurrent corotating interacting region. Distinct particle flux increases caused by these events were observed in all energy channels of the EPAC experiment. The experimental findings are discussed.     

Gasodynamic igniter with an annular nozzle

The results of numerical simulation of a flow in the complex-shaped channels and experimental investigation of characteristics of a gasodynamic igniter equipped with a plug nozzle are presented. It is shown that the igniter characteristics are significantly improved as a result of replacing an acoustic nozzle by an annular one.     

Transitional Flow and Heat Transfer Characteristics in a Rectangular Duct with Stagger-arrayed Short Pin Fins

This article describes an experimental study on friction and heat transfer performances of a transitional airflow in a rectangular channel with stagger-arrayed short pin fins. Friction factors, average Nusselt numbers and overall thermal performances of the transitional flow are obtained. The experimental study has showed that the pin fins enhance the heat transfer performance significantly, however increasing the flow frictional resistance considerably. After comparing the experimental results with the published data in references, it can be concluded that, in the transitional flow region, the pin fin channels of the proposed geometrical configuration could lead to a significant improvement of an overall thermal performance; for instance, the convective heat transfer performance is increased by at least 68%. By contrast, in the fully turbulent flow region, the ability of the proposed pin fin channels to increase heat transfer performances decreases as the Reynolds number increases. When Re > 6 000, the overall thermal performance becomes lower than the others.     

Simulation of pulsating channel flows

A method for simulating spatial-temporary characteristics of pulsating flows in the varying-in-length-area channels based on the solution of one-dimensional nonstationary equations of gas dynamics is presented. The calculation results are compared with the experimental data, and it is shown that the method being proposed rather adequately simulates real processes in complex unsteady flows.     

ICT辅助涡轮叶片内冷通道多余物检测方法

为了实现涡轮叶片内冷通道多余物的无损检测与高精度提取,以工业计算机断层扫描技术为检测手段,基于刚性变换与正弦投影之间的关系,求得待测试件与标准试件断层图像方位上的位移参数,对测试件断层正弦图与标准件对应断层正弦图进行配准,提取出多余物正弦图并重建出多余物断层图像.实验证明该方法能有效识别出叶片内冷通道内的多余物,相比传统的基于CT(computed tomography)图像的多余物提取算法,该算法在投影域内进行,不受投影数据不完全、扫描系统偏差以及重建伪影的影响,具有更高的准确性.      

Flutter and Time Errors in Instrumentation Magnetic Recorders

Flutter and time errors are critical factors in all instrumentation recording. This paper presents analytically the relationship between flutter, time base error, and time base error difference (sometimes called jitter), and the effects of these factors on direct and FM recording. Methods of measuring these quantities are discussed and experimental examples are given. Finally, a measurement method for the interchannel time error is presented, and some trends of correlation among all channels are discussed.     

不同流动角对变截面双通道内换热特性实验

研究了变截面双通道内肋的角度对通道换热的影响,并且与光滑变截面通道进行了比较。实验模型中,矩形肋对称布置在上下两个表面,肋与来流的角度按两种布置。实验结果表明,带强化肋通道的换热效果比不带肋通道的换热效果增强50%左右;与以往研究结论带有60°平行肋的通道换热效果大于带90°肋的通道的换热效果的结论不同,结果显示,当通道肋高比为0.092时,带有90°平行肋的通道换热效果大于带60°肋的通道的换热效果。      

狭窄空间内沸腾传热机理

通过实验观察,分析了狭窄空间内沸腾传热特征,得到表征通道宽度的Ｂｏｎｄ数存在临界值（０．６）。通道超临界和亚临界情况沸腾传热机理完全不同。对于超临界通道（Ｂｏｎｄ数≥０．６）沸腾传热是池沸腾传热和液相对流传热的叠加。亚临界通道（Ｂｏｎｄ数＜０．６）情况,加热表面被聚合汽泡和液柱周期性交替冲刷。汽泡通过加热面时,汽泡与加热面间存在一层薄液膜,这时主要通过液膜蒸发传热。液柱通过时为液相对流传热。上述模型均考虑了介质沿加热面的流动。模型预测的结果与实验值吻合良好,同时也证实了狭窄通道强化传热时存在最佳宽度与高度。     

Calibration of the MERIC full-polarimetric radar: theory and implementation

This paper describes the architecture and calibration design of the experimental ground based radar station MERIC. This full-polarimetric radar is conceived for the analysis and the recognition of non cooperative aircraft in flight.We carefully study how the full-polarimetric capability is obtained for a simultaneous transmit (simultaneous transmission of two linear FM with opposite slopes) radar system, using analogue deramping with a replica.The phase distortions of the signal propagating in the four polarimetric channels are carefully estimated. We define a phase calibrating method compatible with the outdoor measurements conditions and few constraints on reference targets.We show the phase accuracy obtained with the proposed calibration method on real measurements.     

叶尖及尾缘出流条件下内部冷却通道换热实验

为掌握某型高压涡轮叶片叶尖及尾缘出流流量分配比例对内部冷却通道换热特性的影响,利用瞬态液晶测量技术研究不同进口雷诺数、4种出流流量分配比例下局部换热分布规律及平均换热变化趋势.实验结果表明:相同出流流量分配比例、不同进口雷诺数下局部换热分布规律相似,出流流量分配比例对局部换热分布规律有决定性影响,主要体现在第2及第3通道,叶尖出流孔1出流会削弱这两个通道的局部及平均换热;叶尖出流孔2和尾缘间出流流量分配流量比例变化对第1、第2通道的局部及平均换热影响不大,影响主要在第3通道,提高尾缘出流流量分配比例会显著增强第3通道局部及平均换热.      

Stochastic calculation of the flowrate distribution along the cooling path channels in the liquid rocket engine chamber

The results of calculating the fuel component distribution along the cooling path channels in the liquid rocket engine (LRE) based on the Monte-Carlo method with regard for a random scatter of the hydraulic resistance coefficient values in the individual channels are presented.     

Thermohydraulic calculation of channels with cylindrical grooves

In this paper, a model of heat exchange and resistance in the channels with cylindrical grooves on the walls is presented. We compare the calculated data with the experimental results and give some recommendations for designers of power plants.     

A technique for simulation of a fluid flow in branched channels

In this paper, a technique for simulation of the space-time flow parameters in branched channels under transient boundary conditions is presented. The technique is based on the solution of one-dimensional nonstationary equations of gas dynamics. We suggest the conditions of channel junction with regard for distinctive features of a fluid flow in the adjacent region and compare the data on the flow simulation in the channel with a lateral branch by using one-dimensional and three-dimensional models. Comparing the data obtained with the experimental results, we show that the technique being suggested adequately simulates the real processes in the branched channels.     

Impact of Van Jacobson header compression on TCP/IP throughput performance over lossy space channels

The impact of Van Jacobson header compression (VJHC) on the throughput performance of Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) over lossy space channels is studied in an experimental manner using a test-bed. The experimental results show that VJHC benefits the transmission at bit error rates (BERs) around 10/sup -6/ or less, but also results in performance degradation in an environment with higher BER.     

Heat transfer in annular channels with flow twisting

The results of the experimental study of heat transfer in one-and two-phase regions at a pressure p = (98–103)10⁵ Pa in annular channels with twisting by means of a wire spiral and two-way heat supply are presented. We consider problems of determining the boiling point temperatures and heat transfer intensity at convection and boiling on convex and concave surfaces of an annular channel with twisting.     

明渠水流三维数值模型研究

本文在具有无尺度铅垂坐标的直角坐标系中采用完全的三维雷诺方程组描述明渠中的水流运动,利用二维沿水深平均的连续方程确定自由表面形状。文中给出的隐式求解方法保持了经典SIMPLE算法的全部优点,并具有高的收敛速度。算例表明,计算结果与实测值十分一致。     

神经网络解耦控制方法在协调加载中的应用研究

在飞行器结构强度试验中，电液协调加载系统能否准确模拟实际结构上的载荷历程对于试验数据的可靠性及飞行器结构的安全设计有着重要的意义。本文针对电液协调加载系统各通道间具有强耦合、非线性、时变等特点，应用神经网络解耦控制技术实现载荷解耦，并进行了两通道的协调加载试验。系统运行结果表明，该方法动态控制效果良好，能够准确地实现各通道间的协调加载控制。     

U型进气管道对某离心压气机性能的影响

采用实验和数值模拟的方法研究了U型管道进气对某离心压气机性能的影响.实验结果显示,相比直管进气,U型管道进气在大流量工况下显著降低了压气机性能,压比、效率的下降量分别可达10%和18%以上.数值分析表明:U型管道进气时,其出口产生静压和总压畸变;压气机下游蜗壳因几何周向不均而存在相应的压力畸变,该畸变沿叶轮槽道向上游传播的过程中与进气畸变发生耦合.这种耦合作用改变了叶轮进口的流场结构,使叶轮槽道流量分布发生变化,叶轮对应畸变区域的熵值增加;同时还改变了叶片表面静压的分布形式,使整个叶轮主叶片的平均载荷增大约8%.      

碳/碳复合材料导热性能的研究

对碳/碳复合材料在不同温度下的导热性能进行了研究。研究发现了碳/碳复合材料的导热机理介于金属材料和非金属材料之间,既有声子导热,又有电子导热。在实验温度范围内,导热系数随温度升高而增大。随碳/碳复合材料石墨化程度的增大,晶体微观结构渐趋完整,石墨片层的有序度增加,材料的导热性能增强。对于高密度的碳/碳复合材料,因为晶粒间联通状态良好,热传导载体运动的路径畅通,所以导热系数高。碳纤维及围绕纤维生长的热解碳是热传导的有效通道,所以沿纤维增强方向的导热系数高。     

基于单片机和CdS涂层老化探头的装备腐蚀监测系统设计

针对装备对腐蚀状态监测需求,以 MSP320单片机为核心控制器、CdS涂层老化探头为腐蚀状态传感器,设计了一款 4路腐蚀状态监测系统,并用于某型车辆腐蚀状态监测。实验结果表明,该系统能真实监控该型车辆的腐蚀状态,为该车辆的预防性维修提供了重要技术和数据支持。同时,该系统具有安装灵活方便、工作可靠、体积小等优点,具有较高的推广应用价值。